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Topic Review
Visual-Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping
Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) is one of the fundamental problems in autonomous mobile robots where a robot needs to reconstruct a previously unseen environment while simultaneously localising itself with respect to the map. In particular, Visual-SLAM uses various sensors from the mobile robot for collecting and sensing a representation of the map.
  • 793
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Deep Learning for 3D Point Cloud Data Processing
Deep learning techniques for processing 3D point cloud data have seen significant advancements, given their unique ability to extract relevant features and handle unstructured data. These techniques find wide-ranging applications in fields like robotics, autonomous vehicles, and various other computer-vision applications.
  • 788
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Educational Robotics Program Impacts in Early Childhood
Engaging educational programs that involve science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) with young children are of critical importance because such a curriculum is often underdeveloped in early childhood education. Robotics education remains relatively sparse for the youngest of learners; however, several robotics programs have been implemented in school settings, and research is emerging measuring their effectiveness and impact.
  • 786
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Collaboration Skills in Educational Robotics
Educational robotics is a promising educational tool that has the potential to become a platform for the development of a range of skills. There is a scarce amount of empirical case studies that present detailed information on the way it is implemented within formal primary school education. On the other hand, even though collaboration skills are considered vital for future school graduates, it is rarely discussed as the main focus of educational robotics. Most commonly collaboration or teamwork skills are viewed as a byproduct of the robotics activities.
  • 778
  • 23 May 2023
Topic Review
Classification for Monocular RGB 3D Reconstruction Systems
Pure monocular 3D reconstruction is a complex problem that has attracted the research community’s interest due to the affordability and availability of RGB sensors. Simultaneous Landing and Mapping (SLAM), Visual Odometry (VO), and Structure from Motion (SFM) are disciplines formulated to solve the 3D reconstruction problem and estimate the camera’s ego-motion. As a complex problem, pure visual monocular 3D reconstruction has been addressed from multiple perspectives combining various techniques that can be classified following different approaches. A better approach to classify monocular RGB 3D reconstruction systems is the taxonomy, considering three classifications covering dense, sparse, direct, indirect, classic, and machine learning-based proposals.
  • 771
  • 22 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Designing a Robot against COVID-19—Robocov
Robocov, designed as a rapid response against the COVID-19 Pandemic at Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico, with implementations of artificial intelligence and the S4 concept, is a low-cost robot. Robocov can achieve numerous tasks using the S4 concept that provides flexibility in hardware and software. Thus, Robocov can impact positivity public safety, clinical care, continuity of work, quality of life, laboratory and supply chain automation, and non-hospital care. The mechanical structure and software development allow Robocov to complete support tasks effectively so Robocov can be integrated as a technological tool. 
  • 764
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
From Simultaneous Localization and Mapping to Situational Awareness
Situational Awareness (SA) is a fundamental capability of humans that has been deeply studied in various fields, such as psychology, military, aerospace, and education. Nevertheless, it has yet to be considered in robotics, which has focused on single compartmentalized concepts such as sensing, spatial perception, sensor fusion, state estimation, and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM).
  • 762
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
3D Object Detection Methods
Effective environmental perception is critical for autonomous driving; thus, the perception system requires collecting 3D information of the surrounding objects, such as their dimensions, locations, and orientation in space.
  • 752
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Robot Programming Skill Assessment
Robot programming skill classes are becoming more popular. Higher order thinking, on the other hand, is an important issue in developing the skills of 21st-century learners. Truth be told, those two abilities are consistent subjects that are trending in academics.
  • 745
  • 19 May 2022
Topic Review
Three-Dimensional Flight Corridor for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
The 3D flight corridor is established as a topological structure based on a hand-crafted path either derived from a computer-generated environment or provided by the human operator, which captures humans’ preferences and desired flight intentions for the given space. This corridor is formulated as a series of interconnected overlapping convex polyhedra bounded by the perceived environmental geometries, which facilitates the generation of suitable 3D flight paths/trajectories that avoid local minima within the corridor boundaries. An occupancy check algorithm is employed to reduce the search space needed to identify 3D obstacle-free spaces in which their constructed polyhedron geometries are replaced with alternate convex polyhedra. 
  • 735
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Patient–Robot Co-Navigation of Crowded Hospital Environments
Intelligent multi-purpose robotic assistants have the potential to assist nurses with a variety of non-critical tasks, such as object fetching, disinfecting areas, or supporting patient care. 
  • 735
  • 03 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Swarm Exploration and Communications
Swarm exploration by multi-agent systems relies on stable inter-agent communication. However, so far both exploration and communication have been mainly considered separately despite their strong inter-dependency in such systems. By a semantic communication design, communication efficiency in terms of latency, required data rate, energy, and complexity may be improved. 
  • 696
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Soft Robotic Actuation with Carbon Materials
Due to the superior softness and elasticity compared to conventional rigid devices, soft robotic actuators exhibit remarkable advantages in terms of their portability, power efficiency, and wearability, thus creating myriad possibilities of micro-/nano-soft actuation systems. Carbon-based materials, such as carbon nanotubes, carbon dots, and graphene, are integrated with polymers or elastomers in soft actuators for their excellent biocompatibility and conductivity.
  • 689
  • 01 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Simultaneous Localization and Mapping System in Dynamic Environment
Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) plays a crucial role in the field of intelligent mobile robots. However, the traditional Visual SLAM (VSLAM) framework is based on strong assumptions about static environments, which are not applicable to dynamic real-world environments. The correctness of re-localization and recall of loop closure detection are both lower when the mobile robot loses frames in a dynamic environment.
  • 687
  • 20 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Depth Estimation in Structured Driving Scenes
Depth estimation is an important part of the perception system in autonomous driving. Studies often reconstruct dense depth maps from RGB images and sparse depth maps obtained from other sensors. However, existing methods often pay insufficient attention to latent semantic information. Considering the highly structured characteristics of driving scenes, the researchers propose a dual-branch network to predict dense depth maps by fusing radar and RGB images. The driving scene is divided into three parts in the proposed architecture, each predicting a depth map, which is finally merged into one by implementing the fusion strategy in order to make full use of the potential semantic information in the driving scene.
  • 686
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Information-Driven Gas Distribution Mapping for Autonomous Mobile Robots
The ability to sense airborne pollutants with mobile robots provides a valuable asset for domains such as industrial safety and environmental monitoring. Oftentimes, this involves detecting how certain gases are spread out in the environment, commonly referred to as a gas distribution map, to subsequently take actions that depend on the collected information. Since the majority of gas transducers require physical contact with the analyte to sense it, the generation of such a map usually involves slow and laborious data collection from all key locations.
  • 678
  • 20 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Eco-Driving Assistance Protocols
The exponential increase in the number of daily traveling vehicles has exacerbated global warming and environmental pollution issues. These problems directly threaten the continuity and quality of life on the planet. Several techniques and technologies have been used and developed to reduce fuel consumption and gas emissions of traveling vehicles over the road network. The efficient driving assistant protocols that have been proposed for downtown and highways are investigated.
  • 676
  • 23 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Multi-Eye to Robot Indoor Calibration Dataset
The METRIC dataset comprises more than 10,000 synthetic and real images of ChAruCo and checkerboard patterns. Each pattern is securely attached to the robot's end-effector, which is systematically moved in front of four cameras surrounding the manipulator. This movement allows for image acquisition from various viewpoints. The real images in the dataset encompass multiple sets of images captured by three distinct types of sensor networks: Microsoft Kinect V2, Intel RealSense Depth D455, and Intel RealSense Lidar L515. The purpose of including these images is to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each sensor network for calibration purposes. Additionally, to accurately assess the impact of the distance between the camera and robot on calibration, researchers obtained a comprehensive synthetic dataset. This dataset contains associated ground truth data and is divided into three different camera network setups, corresponding to three levels of calibration difficulty based on the cell size.
  • 674
  • 09 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Implicit Shape Model Trees
“Active Scene Recognition” (ASR) is an approach for mobile robots to identify scenes in configurations of objects spread across dense environments. This identification is enabled by intertwining the robotic object search and the scene recognition on already detected objects. “Implicit Shape Model (ISM) trees” are proposed as the scene model underpinning the ASR approach. These trees are a hierarchical model of multiple interconnected ISMs.
  • 624
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Human Operation Augmentation through Wearable Robotic Limb
The supernumerary robotic limb (SRL) is a new type of wearable robot that improves the human body’s ability to move, perceive, and operate through mechanical and human limbs’ integration, mutual assistance, and cooperation. Unlike traditional collaborative robots, SRLs have a closer human–computer interaction mode and a cooperative mode of moving with the human body.
  • 620
  • 27 Oct 2023
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