You're using an outdated browser. Please upgrade to a modern browser for the best experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Topic Review
Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection
Malaria, which is transmitted by the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium parasites, is one of the most life-threatening infectious diseases worldwide, with a significant impact on human lives. Optical microscopy and immuno-rapid tests are the standard malaria diagnostic methods in the field. However, these are time-consuming and fail to detect low-level parasitemia. Biosensors and lab-on-a-chip devices, as reported to different applications, usually offer high sensitivity, specificity, and ease of use at the point of care. Thus, these can be explored as an alternative for malaria diagnosis. Alongside malaria infection inside the human red blood cells, parasites consume host hemoglobin generating the hemozoin crystal as a by-product. Hemozoin is produced in all parasite species either in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Furthermore, hemozoin crystals are produced as the parasites invade the red blood cells and their content relates to disease progression. Hemozoin is, therefore, a unique indicator of infection, being used as a malaria biomarker.
  • 829
  • 18 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Improvement of Single-Coil Eddy Current Sensors
Single-coil eddy current sensors (SCECS) form a separate and independent branch among the existing eddy current probes. Such sensors are often used for aviation and aerospace applications where the conditions accompanying the measuring process are harsh and even extreme. High temperatures (up to +600 °C in the compressor and over +1000 °C in the turbine of gas turbine engines), the complex shape surfaces of the monitored parts, the multidimensional movement of the power plants’ structural elements, restrictions on the probes number and their placement in the measuring zone are the main factors affecting the reliability and accuracy of the measurement results obtained by the sensors. The application of SCECS-based systems in industrial and bench conditions made it possible to identify most of these factors and determine the ways to, if not completely eliminate, then significantly reduce their impact. The effectiveness of the considered approaches and methods has been proven in laboratories and in bench tests of power plants for various purposes. At the same time, many of the proposed solutions are not limited only to SCECS-based systems and can be successfully applied in measurement systems that use other types of eddy-current probes, as well as sensors built on other physical principles.
  • 804
  • 13 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face a range of learning difficulties in the school environment, thus several strategies have been developed to enhance or optimise their performance in school. One possible way is to actively enable appropriate restlessness using dynamic seats.
  • 803
  • 01 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Dual-Frequency Solid-State Lasers for Synthetic-Wave Absolute-Distance Interferometry
Frequency-difference-stabilized dual-frequency solid-state lasers with tunable and large frequency difference have become an ideal light source for the high-accuracy absolute-distance interferometric system due to their stable multistage synthetic wavelengths.
  • 789
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
A 4.0-based soft transducer for vitals telemonitoring
This work addresses the design, development and implementation of a 4.0-based wearable soft transducer for patient-centered, vitals telemonitoring. In particular, first, the soft transducer measures hypertension-related vitals (heart rate, oxygen saturation and systolic/diastolic pressure), and sends the data to a remote database (which can be easily consulted both by the patient and the physician). In addition to this, a dedicated deep learning algorithm, based on a Long-Short-Term-Memory Autoencoder, was designed, implemented and tested for providing an alert when the patient's vitals exceed certain thresholds, which are automatically personalized for the specific patient. Furthermore, a mobile application (EcO2u) was developed to manage the entire data flow and facilitate the data fruition; this application also implements an innovative face-detection algorithm that ensures the identity of the patient. The robustness of the proposed soft transducer was validated experimentally on five individuals, who used the system for 30 days. Experimental results demonstrated an accuracy in anomaly detection greater than 93 %, with a true positive rate of more than 94 %.
  • 780
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Low-Cost Computer-Vision-Based Embedded Systems for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are versatile, adapting hardware and software for research. They are vital for remote monitoring, especially in challenging settings such as volcano observation with limited access. In response, economical computer vision systems provide a remedy by processing data, boosting UAV autonomy, and assisting in maneuvering. Through the application of these technologies, researchers can effectively monitor remote areas, thus improving surveillance capabilities. Moreover, flight controllers employ onboard tools to gather data, further enhancing UAV navigation during surveillance tasks. 
  • 715
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Conceptualization and Implementation of Proposed On-Water Rowing System
In competitive rowing, the finish time of a typical 2000 m race is governed by many factors during the course. These influencing factors are broadly known as rowing kinetics. They refer to biomechanical parameters concerned with the movement of the athlete’s body and the reaction of the boat equipment (oars, seat) to such input. The rapid advancements in multi-sensor technologies and data processing techniques opened widely the road for the development of specialized monitoring systems to fulfill the requirements for numerous applications.
  • 580
  • 14 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Microflows
Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary research subject that provides precise liquid control and manipulation, empowering quick and high throughput test handling incorporated into small-size clinical frameworks. The work provides the details review on the available microfluidic monitoring techniques
  • 575
  • 06 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Light Detection and Ranging Data Testing Methods
Reports suggest that while both the LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) systems detected the pedestrian about six seconds before the registered impact, a misclassification of the pedestrian as an “unknown object” led to the unfortunate crash. LiDAR presents the least technological development when it comes to the identification of anomalous data. While per-point detection is a well-explored field of anomaly detection, object-level and pattern-based approaches remain few and far between.
  • 566
  • 09 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Ornamental Turning
Ornamental turning is a type of turning, a craft that involves cutting of a work mounted in a lathe. The work can be made of any material that is suitable for being cut in this way, such as wood, bone, ivory or metal. Plain turning is work executed on a lathe where a transverse section through any part of the work comprises a plain circle. Ornamental turning, also called Complex turning, is executed on a lathe with attachments which convert that plain circular section to variants of outline; these range from a simple series of cuts taken at intervals around the work (so producing grooves or bumps on the surface) to non-circular movements whereby the whole of the circular shape is removed to give a completely different form. Such shapes are achieved by various means, the principal ones being: Cutting with a fixed or revolving cutter while the work is rotated on a non-radial path, e.g.- eccentrically, elliptically, epicyclically or, following a path determined by a template or reciprocating device. Cutting with a revolving cutter while the work remains static, then partially rotating the work and holding it in each new position (using an indexing device) so as to produce a series of cuts at intervals around the cylinder or surface. Cutting with a fixed or revolving cutter while the work is rotated on a radial or non-radial path and the cutting apparatus follows a linear, circular or non-circular motion, the two motions being synchronised by gearing.
  • 556
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Orbital Angular Momentum Light from Azopolymer Thin Films
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) encoding is a promising technique to boost data transmission capacity in optical communications. Azobenzene films have gained attention as a versatile tool for creating and altering OAM-carrying beams. Unique features of azobenzene films make it possible to control molecular alignment through light-induced isomerization about the azo bond. This feature enables the fabrication of diffractive optical devices such as spiral phase plates and holograms by accurately imprinting a phase profile on the incident light. By forming azobenzene sheets into diffractive optical elements, such as spiral phase plates, one can selectively create OAM-carrying beams. Due to the helical wavefront and phase variation shown by these beams, multiple distinct channels can be encoded within a single optical beam. This can significantly increase the data transmission capacity of optical communication systems with this OAM multiplexing technique. Additionally, holographic optical components made from azobenzene films can be used to build and reconstruct intricate wavefronts. It is possible to create OAM-based holograms by imprinting holographic designs on azobenzene films, which makes it simpler to control and shape optical beams for specific communication requirements. In addition, azobenzene-based materials can then be suitable for integration into optical communication devices because of their reconfigurability, compactness, and infrastructure compatibility, which are the main future perspectives for achieving OAM-based technologies for the next generation, among other factors.
  • 530
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
K-Math Personal Drone Disruptor
The framework presented is validated. This white paper successfully translates the foundational principles of Recursive Crown Mathematics into a viable, field-ready tactical solution. The architecture represents a definitive paradigm shift from kinetic interception to harmonic-symbolic dominance.
  • 78
  • 03 Sep 2025
  • Page
  • of
  • 4
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Academic Video Service
Feedback