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Topic Review
Electrolysis of Industrial Wastewater
Water electrolysis is a powerful technology for producing high-purity H2, with negligible emission of greenhouse gases and compatibility with renewable energy sources. Additionally, the electrolysis of organic compounds, such as lignin, is a promising method for localised H2 production, as it requires lower cell voltages than conventional water electrolysis. Industrial wastewater can be employed in those organic electrolysis systems due to their high organic content, decreasing industrial pollution through wastewater disposal. Electrocoagulation, indirect electrochemical oxidation, anodic oxidation, and electro-Fenton are effective electrochemical methods for treating industrial wastewater.
  • 1.9K
  • 27 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Electrochemical Glucose Sensors Based on 2D Materials
Diabetes is a health disorder that necessitates constant blood glucose monitoring. The industry is always interested in creating novel glucose sensor devices because of the great demand for low-cost, quick, and precise means of monitoring blood glucose levels. Electrochemical glucose sensors, among others, have been developed and are now frequently used in clinical research. Nonetheless, despite the substantial obstacles, these electrochemical glucose sensors face numerous challenges. Because of their excellent stability, vast surface area, and low cost, various types of 2D materials have been employed to produce enzymatic and nonenzymatic glucose sensing applications. 
  • 1.9K
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Chitosan-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Pharmaceuticals Detection
This research explores advances in the detection and quantification of pharmaceutical substances, with a focus on the development of high-performance electrochemical sensors, particularly those based on chitosan, to address the need for sensitive and selective detection techniques in various applications.
  • 1.8K
  • 07 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Cathode Materials of Sodium-Ion Batteries
Emerging energy storage systems have received significant attention along with the development of renewable energy, thereby creating a green energy platform for humans. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are commonly used, such as in smartphones, tablets, earphones, and electric vehicles. However, lithium has certain limitations including safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental issues. Sodium is believed to be an ideal replacement for lithium owing to its infinite abundance, safety, low cost, environmental friendliness, and energy storage behavior similar to that of lithium. Inhered in the achievement in the development of LIBs, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have rapidly evolved to be commercialized. Among the cathode, anode, and electrolyte, the cathode remains a significant challenge for achieving a stable, high-rate, and high-capacity device. 
  • 1.8K
  • 01 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Screen-Printed Electrodes as Transducers
In the last decades, sensors based on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) have gained increasing importance because of their advantageous characteristics, such as low-cost, disposability, ease of use and portability, which allow fast analysis in point-of-need scenarios. The main characteristics of SPEs as electrochemical transducers for biosensors are described below.
  • 1.8K
  • 13 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Carbon-LiFePO4 Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Li-ion batteries are in demand due to technological advancements in the electronics industry; thus, expanding the battery supply chain and improving its electrochemical performance is crucial. Carbon materials are used to increase the cyclic stability and specific capacity of cathode materials, which are essential to batteries. LiFePO4 (LFP) cathodes are generally safe and have a long cycle life. However, the common LFP cathode has a low inherent conductivity, and adding a carbon nanomaterial significantly influences how well it performs electrochemically.
  • 1.8K
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
From CO2 to Value-Added Products
The global warming and the dangerous climate change arising from the massive emission of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels have motivated the search for alternative clean and sustainable energy sources. However, the industrial development and population necessities make the decoupling of economic growth from fossil fuels unimaginable and, consequently, the capture and conversion of CO2 to fuels seems to be, nowadays, one of the most promising and attractive solutions in a world with high energy demand. In this respect, the electrochemical CO2 conversion using renewable electricity provides a promising solution. However, faradaic efficiency of common electro-catalysts is low, and therefore, the design of highly selective, energy-efficient, and cost-effective electrocatalysts is critical. Carbon-based materials present some advantages such as relatively low cost and renewability, excellent electrical conductivity, and tunable textural and chemical surface, which show them as competitive materials for the electro-reduction of CO2.
  • 1.7K
  • 23 Mar 2021
Topic Review
MP and MPc
Metalloporphyrins (MP) and metallophtalocyanines (MPc) are innovative materials with catalytic properties that have attracted attention for their application for diverse electrochemical purposes. The presence of metallic centers in their structure offers a redox-active behavior that is being applied in the design of solid electrodes for the quantification of biomolecules, water contaminants, and pharmaceuticals, among others.
  • 1.7K
  • 25 May 2021
Topic Review
Metal-Free Carbon-Based Supercapacitors-A Comprehensive Review
This state-of-the-art entry aims to highlight  advances in metal-free carbon-based supercapacitors over the last 20 years. Author discuss the various types of carbons (without metals) used (activated, nanoforms of carbon, and doped carbons) as well as key parameters in supercapacitor performance such as surface area, porosity, and functional groups.
  • 1.7K
  • 18 Jan 2021
Topic Review
MXenes as Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
MXenes have been considered to be potential building blocks for composites for use in energy storage applications due to their distinctive 2D wafer structure and superior electrical conductivity. MXenes have been combined with multiple active ingredients, including metal oxides and conductive polymers, to produce a synergistic effect. The synthesis method of MXene shows various surface termini and topographies with different energy storage properties, and there have been multiple studies examining surface modification, stoichiometric ratio, and electrode composition control.
  • 1.7K
  • 09 Mar 2023
Topic Review
The Recent Progress on Silver Nanoparticles
Nanomaterials are highly effective,  environmentally friendly, and applicable for various applications. Recently, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are increasingly being synthesized due to their physical, chemical, and biomedical properties. Silver nanoparticles can be synthesized using physical, chemical, and biological methods. Ag NPs are widely applied in electronic and sensing applications.
  • 1.7K
  • 20 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Status of Health Estimation Methods
As the backup power supply of power plants and substations, Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) batteries are the last safety guarantee for the safe and reliable operation of power systems, and the batteries status of health（SOH）directly affects the stability and safety of power system equipment. In recent years, due to the aging and failure of VRLA batteries, some serious safety accidents have been caused, so it is very necessary to accurately evaluate the health of batteries.
  • 1.7K
  • 21 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Electric Double Layer Structure
The electric double layer (EDL) is the most important electrochemical and heterogeneous catalysis region. Because of it, its modeling and investigation are something that can be found in the literature for a long time. However, it is still something in debate, since nowadays a series of new techniques are available for the investigation of this interfacial area at the molecular level by experiments and simulations.
  • 1.7K
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
The Gel-State Electrolytes in Zinc-Ion Batteries
Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are receiving increasing research attention due to their high energy density, resource abundance, low-cost, intrinsic high-safety properties, and the appropriate plating/stripping voltage. Gel-state electrolytes possess merits of having a wide electrochemical window, good flexibility, superior water retainability, and excellent compatibility with aqueous electrolytes, which makes them potential candidates for flexible batteries. However, the practical applications of ZIBs with gel-state electrolytes still have some issues of water content easily dropping, poor mechanical stability, and the interface problem. 
  • 1.6K
  • 08 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Full Cell Battery Metrics for LiNixMnyCozO2 Compositions
Among the current battery technologies, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are essential in shaping future energy landscapes in stationary storage and e-mobility. Among all components, choosing active cathode material (CAM) limits a cell’s available energy density (Wh kg−1), and the CAM selection becomes critical. Layered Lithium transition metal oxides, primarily, LiNixMnyCozO2 (NMC) (x + y + z = 1), represent a prominent class of cathode materials for LIBs due to their high energy density and capacity. The battery performance metrics of NMC cathodes vary according to the different ratios of transition metals in the CAM. NMC are very popular as transition metal oxide cathodes. The percentage of elements present in the composition can vary in physical and chemical properties. The entry gives you an on-shelf data for the full cell battery metrics of NMC cathodes with reported anodes, electrolytes and electrolyte additives.
  • 1.6K
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Doping Strategy for Manganese-Based Zinc-ion Battery Cathode
As one of the most appealing options for large-scale energy storage systems, the commercialization of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) has received considerable attention due to their cost effectiveness and inherent safety. A potential cathode material for the commercialization of AZIBs is the manganese-based cathode, but it suffers from poor cycle stability, owing to the Jahn–Teller effect, which leads to the dissolution of Mn in the electrolyte, as well as low electron/ion conductivity. In order to solve these problems, various strategies have been adopted to improve the stability of manganese-based cathode materials. 
  • 1.6K
  • 13 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Applied to Metals and Coatings
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a scanning probe microscope (SPM) technique based on electrochemical principles that allows chemical imaging of materials with spatial resolution. The movement of a microelectrode (ME) in close proximity to the interface allows the application of various experimental procedures that can be classified into amperometric and potentiometric operations depending on either sensing faradaic currents or probe potential values due to concentration distributions resulting from the corrosion process, as sketched in. In addition, alternating current signals can be applied to the ME, leading to AC-operation modes.
  • 1.6K
  • 23 May 2022
Topic Review
Fundamentals of Organic Anode Materials
Redox-active organic anode materials are endowed with obvious advantages, such as low cost, structural diversity, environmental friendliness, outstanding flexibility in their molecular design, low weight, and higher theoretical capacity, which can meet the rising demand for the energy density of next-generation battery systems. In contrast to inorganic compounds, organic materials are mainly composed of such chemical elements that are widely distributed in nature (e.g., C, H, O, N, S). 
  • 1.5K
  • 18 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Electrolyte Solvation Structure for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries
Zinc as an anode, with low potential (−0.762 V vs. SHE) and high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g−1 or 5854 mAh L−1), shows great promise for energy storage devices. The aqueous zinc ion battery (ZIB) is known as a prospective candidate for large-scale application in the future due to its high safety, environmental friendliness, abundant zinc resources on earth, and low-cost advantages. However, the existence of zinc dendrites and side reactions limit the practical application of ZIBs. Therefore, a lot of effort has been made to improve the performance from aspects including the structure design and surface modification of zinc anodes, regulation of the electrolyte solvation structure, and design of the functional separator.
  • 1.5K
  • 09 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Photoelectrochemical Cells
Artificial photosynthesis is a technology with immense potential that aims to emulate the natural photosynthetic process. The process of natural photosynthesis involves the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy, which is stored in organic compounds. Catalysis is an essential aspect of artificial photosynthesis, as it facilitates the reactions that convert solar energy into chemical energy.
  • 1.5K
  • 03 Nov 2023
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