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Topic Review
Engineered Solutions for Air Purification
Air pollution problem is particularly acute in large cities. This is especially true in those with active industrial facilities or with specific geographical locations that complicate natural air purification. Air pollution not only affects people’s health but also significantly worsens overall quality of life. There are significant health effects associated with both short-term and long-term exposure to air pollution. Consequently, air quality monitoring and the implementation of engineered solutions for air purification are essential tasks in the field of urban science.
  • 647
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Land–(Renewable) Energy Nexus
The need to understand the connection between land and energy has gained prominence in the calls to opt for renewable energy as part of the climate change mitigation actions. This need derives from the fact that renewable energy resources are site-specific and require rightful access and use of land. The impacts on landscape, land tenure, and land-use patterns of constructing energy facilities are significant, and they may subsequently undermine the authority of local communities. Still, the connection between land and energy is not yet part of integrated development policies and political debates when deciding on renewable energy projects.
  • 644
  • 30 May 2022
Topic Review
Towards Sustainable Pasture Agrolandscapes
Reliable environmental audits and impact assessments are essential to achieve effective pasture utilization and ensure the production of high-quality livestock products. Pasture agrolandscapes are complex and dynamic systems that involve the interaction of various components, such as soil, vegetation, climate, and land use. These landscapes are crucial not only for the production of high-quality livestock products but also for maintaining environmental health and providing ecosystem services
  • 642
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Emissions, Decarbonization, and Alternative Fuels in Inland Navigation
In response to the pressing need for transportation decarbonization, the often overlooked domain of inland waterway transport and seeks to answer which alternative fuel or power source is the most promising for that sector. As the shipping industry significantly contributes to global carbon emissions, it has been shifting towards alternative fuels and decarbonization measures in the effort to reduce them, whereas the inland waterways, operating predominantly on diesel engines, have not achieved equivalent substantial progress. Liquified natural gas (LNG) initially emerged as a favored alternative fuel, but recent studies emphasize a shift towards “greener” solutions like batteries and hydrogen. Europe and Asia lead in these developments. This investigation uncovers critical gaps in research and development, particularly in the Northern European countries that have extensive inland waterway networks. It also calls for future studies to explore the performance of vessels that have adopted LNG compared to other emerging alternatives and emphasizes the importance of considering the time lag between technology development and research publication.
  • 638
  • 20 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Green Conversion of Carbon Dioxide
Carbon capture and use may provide motivation for the global problem of mitigating global warming from substantial industrial emitters. Captured CO2 may be transformed into a range of products such as methanol as renewable energy sources. Polymers, cement, and heterogeneous catalysts for varying chemical synthesis are examples of commercial goods. Because some of these components may be converted into power, CO2 is a feedstock and excellent energy transporter. By employing collected CO2 from the atmosphere as the primary hydrocarbon source, a carbon-neutral fuel may be created. The fuel is subsequently burned, and CO2 is released into the atmosphere like a byproduct of the combustion process.
  • 636
  • 10 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Tomato and Pepper Seeds in Phytopathogenic Bacteria Dissemination
The seed industry plays a crucial role in global food production but it faces a persistent challenge in ensuring the health and quality of seeds, particularly those of tomato and pepper seeds, which represent key seed commodities on the global market. Seeds can serve as potential pathways for the introduction and dissemination of seed-borne bacteria, which may have devastating effects on crop yield, farmers’ remunerability, and food security. Therefore, fungicides and other antimicrobial compounds are extensively used to disinfect the seeds, thus increasing the input of chemicals in the agri-environment. 
  • 636
  • 05 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Sustainable Communities
Machine Learning (ML), a subset of Artificial Intelligence (AI), is gaining popularity in the architectural, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector. In the interior environment, they contribute to energy management by optimizing energy usage, finding inefficiencies, and recommending modifications to minimize consumption. This contributes to reducing the environmental effect of energy generation. Similarly, AI and ML technologies aid in addressing environmental challenges. They can monitor air quality, noise levels, and waste management systems to quickly discover and minimize pollution sources. Likewise, AI and ML applications in construction processes enhance planning, scheduling, and facility management.
  • 629
  • 19 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Green Artificial Intelligence and Digitalization Facilitate
Green AI (Artificial Intelligence) and digitalization facilitate the “Dual-Carbon” goal of low-carbon, high-quality economic development. Green AI is moving from “cloud” to “edge” devices like TinyML, which supports devices from cameras to wearables, offering low-power IoT computing. 
  • 626
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Heat Mitigation Benefits of Urban Trees
Modeling, validating, and simulating are three essential parts in investigating the heat mitigation benefits of urban trees (BUT). Therefore, 81 relevant studies from the last ten years are reviewed, analyzed. Three main ways for urban trees to adjust the environment are summarized, including shade creation and radiation modification, cooling effects of transpiration, and airflow blocking and modification effects. 
  • 624
  • 26 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Electric Vehicle Assignment Considering Users’ Waiting Time
A one-way electric-car-sharing system is an environmentally friendly option for urban transportation systems, which can reduce air pollution and traffic congestion with effective vehicle assignment. However, electric vehicle assignment usually faces a dilemma where an insufficient battery level cannot fulfill the requests of users. It greatly affects assignment choices and order fulfillment rates, resulting in the loss of platform profit. In this study, with the assumption that the users agree to wait for a period of time during which electric vehicles can be charged to fulfill trip demands, we proposed a waiting-time policy and introduced users’ utility to measure user retention. 
  • 620
  • 20 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Soluble Biobased Substances
Soluble bio-based substances (SBS) may be isolated from the anaerobic digestate of the organic humid fraction of urban waste; from the whole vegetable compost made from gardening residues and from the compost obtained after aerobic digestion of a mixture of urban waste digestate, gardening residues and sewage sludge. 
  • 618
  • 20 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Impacts of Biowaste with Mitigation Efforts in Cities
In many cities, huge quantities of biowaste solid matterials are generated, making it a big challenge to keep our cities smart/clean without creating health issues. The second challenge is to mitigate solid biowastes from municipalities, and it needs systematic valorization/conversion approaches to transform/generate them into clean/least carbon-emitting fuel sources. This effort can help make smart cities with additional amounts of energy generation that can be used by each citizen for their daily energy needs. In the cities, biowastes are reported as food waste (from domestic kitchens and restaurant/hotel), green plant residues (from parks and other cleaning activities), and other miscellaneous sources.
  • 615
  • 06 Sep 2023
Topic Review
State of Research on Agroecology Transition
As a sustainable and holistic approach to agriculture, agroecology has received considerable attention because of its potential to address the environmental, economic, and social challenges of agricultural systems. In order to identify key trends, influential authors, impactful journals, emerging research themes and gap in research on agroecological adoption, a bibliometric analysis based on the metadata of documents is performed to deal with agroecology adoption and the methods used for its evaluation over the period from January 1990 to July 2023, extracted from the Web of Science database. 
  • 612
  • 20 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Hydrogen Production and Storage
Hydrogen has been widely considered to hold promise for solving challenges associated with the increasing demand for green energy. While many chemical and biochemical processes produce molecular hydrogen as byproducts, electrochemical approaches using water electrolysis are considered to be a predominant method for clean and green hydrogen production. 
  • 596
  • 15 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Low Temperature-Based Abatement Technique
Nitrogen and sulpher oxides (NOx, SOx) have become a global issue in recent years due to the fastest industrialization and urbanization. Numerous techniques are used to treat the harmful exhaust emissions, including dry, traditional wet and hybrid wet-scrubbing techniques. However, several difficulties, including high-energy requirement, limited scrubbing-liquid regeneration, formation of secondary pollutants and low efficiency, limit their industrial utilization. Regardless, the hybrid wet-scrubbing technology is gaining popularity due to low-costs, less-energy consumption and high-efficiency removal of air pollutants. 
  • 595
  • 30 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Plasmon-Assisted Molecular Catalysis
The utilization of plasmonic nanomaterials in catalytic technologies is an emerging research field with foreseeable applications in energy-catalytic technologies. On this front, the coupling of plasmonic nanomaterials with molecular catalysts is a newly approached, thus far unexploited field.
  • 595
  • 11 Jan 2024
Topic Review
The Construction of Seaports in the Arctic
The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is of strategic importance for the country. Considering the fragility of Arctic ecosystems, special attention needs to be paid to the sustainable development of transport and related infrastructure within the framework of the “blue economy” concept, which is relevant for Arctic waters. At the same time, it is necessary to identify the main factors and tasks of creating transport and port infrastructure, building a modern fleet, and organizing fisheries and tourism in an environmentally sound manner.
  • 592
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Emotions and Media Coverage in High-Carbon-Emitting Behavior
While the global poorest, who make up 50% of the world’s population, are most afflicted by the climate crisis, they contribute least to it in comparison with the global richest, who make up only one percent of the world’s population. The growing climate injustice should therefore be considered as a moral issue. The moral problem is that high polluters, usually the better-off, have many options to fall back on to mitigate the consequences of their behavior. For example, they have the financial means to protect themselves from climate change impacts (e.g., droughts and floods).
  • 591
  • 05 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Exploring the Viability of DAOS in Emerging Economies
In recent years, distributed technologies have garnered significant attention as a model for organizing collective action. Distributed Autonomous Organizations and Systems (DAOS) encompass not only the organizational structure of a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO), but also the collaborative technologies, ecosystems, and social structures necessary for a self-organizing system to emerge. The focus of a DAOS is on the distributed nature of the organization, emphasizing the importance of collaboration and emergence over decentralization. This paper will explore the guiding principles of DAOS, discuss their limitations, and propose experiments to establish a DAOS that enables collective participation in ecological conservation.
  • 588
  • 20 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Degradation and Extraction of Organochlorine Pollutants
A subcritical water degradation and extraction method was developed to remediate environmental soils contaminated by highly recalcitrant organochlorine pollutants. Hydrogen peroxide was used to effectively decompose organochlorine pollutants under subcritical water conditions.
  • 579
  • 21 Jul 2023
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