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Topic Review
Ethical Principles of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare marks a significant milestone, signaling the advent of a new era in precision medicine. This transformative shift holds immense promise for revolutionizing patient care, offering advancements that were once considered futuristic.
  • 1.2K
  • 23 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Robotic-Systems for Improving Upper-Limb Spasticity
Spasticity is a motor disorder that causes stiffness or tightness of the muscles and can interfere with normal movement, speech, and gait. Traditionally, the spasticity assessment is carried out by clinicians using standardized procedures for objective evaluation. However, these procedures are manually performed and, thereby, they could be influenced by the clinician’s subjectivity or expertise. The automation of such traditional methods for spasticity evaluation is an interesting and emerging field in neurorehabilitation. One of the most promising approaches is the use of robot-aided systems.
  • 1.2K
  • 26 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Compression of Neural Networks
Researchers propose the value-locality-based compression (VELCRO) algorithm for neural networks. VELCRO is a method to compress general-purpose neural networks that are deployed for a small subset of focused specialized tasks.
  • 1.2K
  • 08 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Regional-to-Local Point-Voxel Transformer
Semantic segmentation of large-scale indoor 3D point cloud scenes is crucial for scene understanding but faces challenges in effectively modeling long-range dependencies and multi-scale features. Researchers present RegionPVT, a novel Regional-to-Local Point-Voxel Transformer that synergistically integrates voxel-based regional self-attention and window-based point-voxel self-attention for concurrent coarse-grained and fine-grained feature learning. The voxel-based regional branch focuses on capturing regional context and facilitating inter-window communication. The window-based point-voxel branch concentrates on local feature learning while integrating voxel-level information within each window.
  • 1.2K
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Machine Learning-Based Facial Palsy Detection and Evaluation
Automated solutions for medical diagnosis based on computer vision form an emerging field of science aiming to enhance diagnosis and early disease detection. The detection and quantification of facial asymmetries enable facial palsy evaluation.  Deep learning methods allow the automatic learning of discriminative deep facial features, leading to comparatively higher performance accuracies.
  • 1.2K
  • 22 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Deep Anomaly Detection for In-Vehicle Monitoring
Deep learning approaches to the detection of visual data instances that markedly digress from regular sequences have been mostly focusing on outdoor video-surveillance scenarios, mainly regarding abnormal behaviour and suspicious or abandoned object detection. However, with the increasing importance of public and shared transportation for urban mobility, it becomes imperative to provide autonomous intelligent systems capable of detecting abnormal behaviour that threatens passenger safety. In-vehicle monitoring becomes particularly relevant for Shared Autonomous Vehicles, which do not have a driver responsible for assuring the well-being and safety of passengers; such vehicles must be accompanied by reliable autonomous in-vehicle surveillance systems.
  • 1.2K
  • 17 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Machine Learning-Based Text Classification Comparison
The growth in textual data associated with the increased usage of online services and the simplicity of having access to these data has resulted in a rise in the number of text classification research papers. Text classification has a significant influence on several domains such as news categorization, the detection of spam content, and sentiment analysis. The classification of Turkish text is the research focus since only a few studies have been conducted in this context. Researchers utilize data obtained from customers’ inquiries that come to an institution to evaluate the proposed techniques. Classes are assigned to such inquiries specified in the institution’s internal procedures. The Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes, Long Term-Short Memory, Random Forest, and Logistic Regression algorithms were used to classify the data. The performance of the various techniques was then analyzed after and before data preparation, and the results were compared. The Long Term-Short Memory technique demonstrated superior effectiveness in terms of accuracy, achieving an 84% accuracy rate, surpassing the best accuracy record of traditional techniques, which was 78% accuracy for the Support Vector Machine technique. The techniques performed better once the number of categories in the dataset was reduced. Moreover, the findings show that data preparation and coherence between the classes’ number and the number of training sets are significant variables influencing the techniques’ performance.
  • 1.2K
  • 01 Sep 2023
Topic Review
AI Agent Model for Extrinsic Emotion Regulation
Emotion regulation is the human ability to modulate one’s or other emotions to maintain emotional well-being. Despite its importance, only a few computational models have been proposed for facilitating emotion regulation. To address this gap, a computational model for intelligent agents has been proposed for facilitating emotion regulation in individuals. This model is grounded in a multidimensional emotion representation and on J. Gross’s theoretical framework of emotion regulation. In this apporach, an intelligent agent selects the most appropriate regulation strategies to reach or maintain an individual’s emotional equilibrium considering the individual’s personality traits and specific characteristics.
  • 1.2K
  • 11 Mar 2024
Topic Review
The Urban Transit Routing Problem
The Urban Transit Routing Problem (UTRP) is a challenging problem in transportation planning that involves designing and optimizing transit route networks for urban areas. The objective is to find the most efficient routes for public transportation vehicles, considering factors such as travel time, passenger demand, transfer connections, vehicle capacities, operating costs, and environmental impacts. 
  • 1.2K
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Deep Learning Approaches for Distance Estimation
Visual impairment (VI) is a significant public health concern that affects people of all ages and is caused by a range of factors, including age-related eye diseases, genetic disorders, injuries, and infections. Therefore, governments of different countries are attempting to design various assistive living facilities for individuals with visual impairments. Machine learning techniques have greatly improved object recognition accuracy in computer vision [8]. This has led to the development of sophisticated models that can recognize objects in complex environments. 
  • 1.2K
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Network Optimization in the Internet of Vehicles
The Internet of Things (IoT) has risen from ubiquitous computing to the Internet itself. Internet of vehicles (IoV) is the next emerging trend in IoT. People can build intelligent transportation systems (ITS) using IoV. However, overheads are imposed on IoV network due to a massive quantity of information being transferred from the devices connected in IoV. One such overhead is the network connection between the units of an IoV. To make an efficient ITS using IoV, optimization of network connectivity is required. 
  • 1.2K
  • 28 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Algorithms for Spam Detection
Spam emails have become a pervasive issue, as internet users receive increasing amounts of unwanted or fake emails. To combat this issue, automatic spam detection methods have been proposed, which aim to classify emails into spam and non-spam categories. Machine learning techniques have been utilized for this task with considerable success. 
  • 1.2K
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Oximetry for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Scoring polysomnography for obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis is a laborious, long, and costly process. Machine learning approaches, such as deep neural networks, can reduce scoring time and costs.
  • 1.2K
  • 11 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Machine Learning Methods
Machine learning (ML) has a well-established reputation for successfully enabling automation through its scalable predictive power.
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Computer-Aided Breast Cancer Diagnosis
A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) expert system is a powerful tool to efficiently assist a pathologist in achieving an early diagnosis of breast cancer. This process identifies the presence of cancer in breast tissue samples and the distinct type of cancer stages. In a standard CAD system, the main process involves image pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, feature selection, classification, and performance evaluation. Breast cancer can be distinguished as benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous/metastatic) tumours. Benign tissue refers to changes in normal tissue of breast parenchyma, which does not relate to the development of malignancy . Contrarily, malignant tissue can be categorised into two types: in-situ carcinoma and invasive carcinoma.  
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Infrared and Visible Image Fusion Technologies
Infrared and visible image fusion is to combine the information of thermal radiation and detailed texture from the two images into one informative fused image. Deep learning methods have been widely applied in this task; however, those methods usually fuse multiple extracted features with the same fusion strategy, which ignores the differences in the representation of these features, resulting in the loss of information in the fusion process. Infrared and visible image fusion techniques can be divided into two categories: traditional methods and deep learning-based methods. Traditional methods have been proposed for the fusion of pixel-level or fixed features. 
  • 1.2K
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Approaches of Automated Heart Disease Prediction
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Detecting this kind of disease represents the principal concern of many scientists, and techniques belonging to various fields have been developed to attain accurate predictions. 
  • 1.2K
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Opium Poppy Detection in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery
Opium poppy is a medicinal plant, and its cultivation is illegal without legal approval in China. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an effective tool for monitoring illegal poppy cultivation. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is more flexible and mobile than remote sensing satellite, and their high-resolution images can help to detect poppies in areas that are hard to see. 
  • 1.2K
  • 18 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Machine Learning Applications in Surface Transportation Systems
Surface transportation has evolved through technology advancements using parallel knowledge areas such as machine learning (ML). ML is the most sophisticated state-of-the-art knowledge branch offering the potential to solve unsettled or difficult-to-solve problems as a data-driven approach.
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Detecting Dementia from Face-Related Features
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a type of dementia that is more likely to occur as people age. It currently has no known cure. As the world’s population is aging quickly, early screening for AD has become increasingly important. Traditional screening methods such as brain scans or psychiatric tests are stressful and costly. The patients are likely to feel reluctant to such screenings and fail to receive timely intervention. While researchers have been exploring the use of language in dementia detection, less attention has been given to face-related features.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Aug 2023
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