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Topic Review
Sex Education
Sexual education can be defined as any combination of learning experiences aimed at facilitating voluntary behavior conducive to sexual health. Sex education during adolescence has centered on the delivery of content (abstinence-only vs. comprehensive instruction) by teachers, parents, health professionals or community educators, and on the context (within school and beyond) of such deliver.
  • 3.2K
  • 01 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Addressing, Assessing and Improving Water Security
Water security is about managing too much, too little and/or too polluted water. Water security is about the increasing importance of sustainable management of water resources, drinking water and human well-being and protection of life and property from water-related disasters. Water security is about the health of ecosystems and economic development.  A groundwork of this broad and multi-faceted concept is presented to facilitate understanding, measuring and improving water security. 
  • 3.1K
  • 25 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Public Health Evolution in Liberia
Over the past two centuries since its independence in 1847, Liberia has made significant progress in building an integrated public health system designed to serve its population. Despite a prolonged period of civil conflict (1990–2003) and the emergence of the 2014–2016 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) that crippled its already weakened health system, Liberia was able to re-emerge, making significant strides and gains in rebuilding and strengthening its health infrastructure and systems. Lessons learnt from the EVD epidemic have led to developments such as the newly established National Public Health Institute of Liberia (NPHIL) and several tertiary public health institutions to meet the growing demands of a skilled workforce equipped to combat existing and emerging health problems and/crisis, including informing the more recent COVID-19 response.
  • 3.1K
  • 29 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Associations between Population Density and Health Outcomes
Both density of population and proximity to man-made activities, as well as the natural environment, concentrate risk for humans. Population density is therefore a measure of “the degree of pressure on natural resources” as well as an indicator reflecting the level of human activity within a specific bounded landscape. Exposure to contaminants from soil, water or air coupled with social or economic vulnerability and population density may increase potential harm to health at a subclinical or clinical level.
  • 2.9K
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Applications and Action Mechanisms of Probiotic-Based Multi-Components
Probiotic-based multi-component preparations refer to a mixture of bioactive agents, containing probiotics or postbiotics as main functional ingredients, and prebiotics, protectants, stabilizers, encapsulating agents, and other compounds as additional constituents.
  • 2.9K
  • 13 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Vitamin D-Fortified Beverages
Vitamin D is a lipophilic bioactive that plays an important role in bone health. Fortification of beverages, such as milk, fruit juices, teas, and vegetable drinks, could be an efficient strategy to prevent vitamin D deficiency and its associated effects on health. 
  • 2.9K
  • 28 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Light and Health
Light is important for visual performance and safety, and also plays a vital role in regulating human physiological functions. Poor housing is an important determinant of poor health. One key aspect of housing quality is lighting.
  • 2.7K
  • 16 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Human-Centered Smart Homes Supporting Mental Health Aging-in-Place
Smart home technologies (SHTs) hold promises for supporting older adults by enabling early detection and intervention in mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline. However, adoption remains limited due to usability, accessibility, and privacy concerns. Our findings reveal that interface complexity, cognitive overload, high costs, and privacy concerns are significant barriers to adoption. Accessibility challenges, including physical and sensory impairments, further reduce engagement and inclusivity. Key facilitators for user acceptance include user-centric design, personalization, participatory co-development, and cultural adaptations. SHTs incorporating AI-driven features, such as behavioral monitoring, medication reminders, and social engagement tools, demonstrate significant potential for early mental health interventions. Based on these findings, we propose a holistic framework integrating technical innovation with human-centered design to address these challenges and optimize SHTs for mental health care. 
  • 2.6K
  • 26 Jan 2025
Topic Review
Exercise with Green Tea Consumption Improve Sports Performance
Regular exercise is fundamental for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 
  • 2.6K
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Hormones for Oral Bone and Periodontal Tissue Engineering
Hormones are unique regulatory chemicals that govern fertility, growth, maturation, and microenvironmental maintenance, in addition to power generation, usage, and storage. Hormones play a fundamental function in the maintenance of the integrity of both periodontium and bone. Bone tissue is made up of many cell types and an extracellular matrix that is mostly made up of collagen proteins. Bone’s primary roles are structural support, mechanical motions, blood cell formation, and tissue preservation; it also serves as a depot of calcium and phosphate ions in the body.
  • 2.6K
  • 26 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly called “drones”, are a class of aircraft that can fly without the onboard presence of pilots.  They vary in type (e.g. fixed wing vs. multi-rotor) and size (from a few grams to hundreds of kilograms).  These vehicles are intended for a variety of applications, including transport and logistics, monitoring and surveillance, and media and telecommunications.
  • 2.5K
  • 04 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Applications of High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence
Steroids are compounds widely available in nature and synthesized for therapeutic and medical purposes. Steroids can be found in various environmental samples, including water, plant, and animal samples as well as in a variety of pharmaceutical forms. Due its sensitivity and selectivity, high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) is widely used for detection of steroids in pharmaceutical and environmental samples.
  • 2.5K
  • 11 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Multistakeholder Participation in Disaster Management
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting society’s health, economy, environment and development. COVID-19 has claimed many lives across the globe and severely impacted the livelihood of a considerable section of the world’s population. We are still in the process of finding optimal and effective solutions to control the pandemic and minimise its negative impacts. In the process of developing effective strategies to combat COVID-19, different countries have adapted diverse policies, strategies and activities and yet there are no universal or comprehensive solutions to the problem. In this context, this paper brings out a conceptual model of multistakeholder participation governance as an effective model to fight against COVID-19. Accordingly, the current study conducted a scientific review by examining multi-stakeholder disaster response strategies, particularly in relation to COVID-19. The study then presents a conceptual framework for multistakeholder participation governance as one of the effective models to fight against COVID-19. 
  • 2.4K
  • 22 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Bongkrekic Acid as a Threat to Food Safety
Bongkrekic acid (BKA) poisoning, induced by the contamination of Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans, has a long-standing history of causing severe outbreaks of foodborne illness. It has emerged as a lethal food safety concern, presenting significant challenges to public health. 
  • 2.4K
  • 08 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Family Influence Adolescent Eating Habits
Promoting healthy eating habits can prevent adolescent obesity in which family may play a significant role. Ten themes on how family influences adolescent dietary KAP were found: Knowledge—(1) parental education, (2) parenting style, and (3) family illness experience; Attitudes—(4) family health, (5) cultivation of preference, and (6) family motivation; Practices—(7) home meals and food availability, (8) time and cost, (9) parenting style, and (10) parental practical knowledge and attitudes. 
  • 2.2K
  • 22 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Food Safety Culture in Nigeria
Food safety culture describes a collection of learned and shared attitudes, values and beliefs that form the foundation of the hygienic behaviors used within a particular food handling environment. Sharman et al. defines food safety culture as a long-term paradigm in a food handling organization deeply rooted in beliefs, behaviors and assumptions which impact the food safety performance within the organization.
  • 2.1K
  • 22 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Child Waste Workers' Health Sufferings in South Asia
Child labor remains a health hazard, affecting the mental, physical, and emotional well-being of children. Children engage in waste management through various channels while constantly working to create a healthier and cleaner environment and exposing themselves to numerous health risks. 
  • 2.1K
  • 01 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens
Opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPP) are microorganisms that are native to the plumbing environment and that present an emerging infectious disease problem. They share characteristics, such as disinfectant resistance, thermal tolerance, and biofilm formation. The colonisation of domestic water systems presents an elevated health risk for immune-compromised individuals who receive healthcare at home.
  • 2.1K
  • 29 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Entrepreneurial Mindset and Career Adaptability
Entrepreneurial mindset refers to the cognitive ability that allows individuals to flexibly adapt to a dynamic, uncertain environment. It involves creativity, innovativeness, and risk-taking necessary for adjustment, creating new values, and utilizing new opportunities. These properties of the entrepreneurial mindset are applicable not just to venture creation but to general career development, and there are studies investigating entrepreneurial mindset in relation to general career-related factors such as career awareness and career decision-making self-efficacy and career maturity. Career adaptability refers to coping resources that enable individuals to tackle complex and unfamiliar problems in the context of an uncertain and unstable labor market environment. Career adaptability involves competences such as planning, decision-making, exploring, and problem-solving, while the entrepreneurial mindset influences managing resources, making decisions, and taking control.
  • 2.1K
  • 05 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Pedestrian Violations
Pedestrians are a vulnerable group of road users. Worldwide, the number of pedestrian deaths annually in road traffic accidents is about 270,000, which exceeds 22% of all traffic mortalities. This rate reveals its critical role in traffic safety research. Of these, pedestrian accidents mainly occur at signalized intersections when pedestrians illegally pass-through crosswalks, which are highly dangerous due to the high risk of pedestrian–vehicle interactions. Illegal crossings mainly include pedestrians crossing at red lights or outside of marked crosswalks, and the former usually causes severe harm. This risky behavior may raise traffic safety issues between pedestrians and driving vehicles. As such, it is necessary to analyze pedestrian red-light violations at signalized intersections and to reduce the risk of pedestrian crossing violations.
  • 2.0K
  • 14 Nov 2022
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