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Topic Review
Associations between Population Density and Health Outcomes
Both density of population and proximity to man-made activities, as well as the natural environment, concentrate risk for humans. Population density is therefore a measure of “the degree of pressure on natural resources” as well as an indicator reflecting the level of human activity within a specific bounded landscape. Exposure to contaminants from soil, water or air coupled with social or economic vulnerability and population density may increase potential harm to health at a subclinical or clinical level.
  • 1.7K
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Multistakeholder Participation in Disaster Management
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting society’s health, economy, environment and development. COVID-19 has claimed many lives across the globe and severely impacted the livelihood of a considerable section of the world’s population. We are still in the process of finding optimal and effective solutions to control the pandemic and minimise its negative impacts. In the process of developing effective strategies to combat COVID-19, different countries have adapted diverse policies, strategies and activities and yet there are no universal or comprehensive solutions to the problem. In this context, this paper brings out a conceptual model of multistakeholder participation governance as an effective model to fight against COVID-19. Accordingly, the current study conducted a scientific review by examining multi-stakeholder disaster response strategies, particularly in relation to COVID-19. The study then presents a conceptual framework for multistakeholder participation governance as one of the effective models to fight against COVID-19. 
  • 1.7K
  • 22 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Vitamin D-Fortified Beverages
Vitamin D is a lipophilic bioactive that plays an important role in bone health. Fortification of beverages, such as milk, fruit juices, teas, and vegetable drinks, could be an efficient strategy to prevent vitamin D deficiency and its associated effects on health. 
  • 1.7K
  • 28 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly called “drones”, are a class of aircraft that can fly without the onboard presence of pilots.  They vary in type (e.g. fixed wing vs. multi-rotor) and size (from a few grams to hundreds of kilograms).  These vehicles are intended for a variety of applications, including transport and logistics, monitoring and surveillance, and media and telecommunications.
  • 1.6K
  • 04 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Exercise with Green Tea Consumption Improve Sports Performance
Regular exercise is fundamental for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 
  • 1.6K
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Light and Health
Light is important for visual performance and safety, and also plays a vital role in regulating human physiological functions. Poor housing is an important determinant of poor health. One key aspect of housing quality is lighting.
  • 1.6K
  • 16 Feb 2021
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
COVID-19: Evidenced Health Disparity
Health disparity is an unacceptable, unjust, or inequitable difference in health outcomes among different groups of people that affects access to optimal health care, as well as deterring it. Health disparity adversely affects disadvantaged subpopulations due to a higher incidence and prevalence of a particular disease or ill health. Existing health disparity determines whether a disease outbreak such as coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), will significantly impact a group or a region. Hence, health disparity assessment has become one of the focuses of many agencies, public health practitioners, and other social scientists. Successful elimination of health disparity at all levels requires pragmatic approaches through an intersectionality framework and robust data science.
  • 1.5K
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Hormones for Oral Bone and Periodontal Tissue Engineering
Hormones are unique regulatory chemicals that govern fertility, growth, maturation, and microenvironmental maintenance, in addition to power generation, usage, and storage. Hormones play a fundamental function in the maintenance of the integrity of both periodontium and bone. Bone tissue is made up of many cell types and an extracellular matrix that is mostly made up of collagen proteins. Bone’s primary roles are structural support, mechanical motions, blood cell formation, and tissue preservation; it also serves as a depot of calcium and phosphate ions in the body.
  • 1.5K
  • 26 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Copper Chrome Arsenate Water-Borne Solution
Copper chrome arsenate (CCA) water-borne solution used to make timber is highly resistant to pests and fungi, in particular, wood products designed for outdoor use. Nowadays, CCA is a restricted chemical product in most countries, since potential environmental and health risks were reported due to dermal contact with CCA residues from treated structures and the surrounding soils. However, large quantities of CCA-treated timber are still in use in framings, outdoor playground equipment, landscaping, building poles, jetty piles, and fencing structures around the world, thus CCA remains a source of pollutants to the environment and of increasing toxic metal/metalloid exposure (mainly in children). International efforts have been dedicated to the treatment of materials impregnated with CCA, however not only does some reuse of CCA-treated timber still occur, but also existing structures are leaking the toxic compounds into the environment, with impacts on the environment and animal and human health.
  • 1.5K
  • 10 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Public Health Evolution in Liberia
Over the past two centuries since its independence in 1847, Liberia has made significant progress in building an integrated public health system designed to serve its population. Despite a prolonged period of civil conflict (1990–2003) and the emergence of the 2014–2016 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) that crippled its already weakened health system, Liberia was able to re-emerge, making significant strides and gains in rebuilding and strengthening its health infrastructure and systems. Lessons learnt from the EVD epidemic have led to developments such as the newly established National Public Health Institute of Liberia (NPHIL) and several tertiary public health institutions to meet the growing demands of a skilled workforce equipped to combat existing and emerging health problems and/crisis, including informing the more recent COVID-19 response.
  • 1.4K
  • 29 Dec 2022
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
The Increase in Addiction during COVID-19
The increase in addiction during COVID-19 is a condition that emerged as an aftermath of COVID-19-related events, for instance, fear of the spread of COVID-19, self-abstention from many activities, and restrictions established by the lockdown measures. This condition includes substance addictions such as drugs and alcohol but also behavioral addictions such as gambling, gaming, pornography, and smartphone and internet misuse.
  • 1.4K
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Food Safety Culture in Nigeria
Food safety culture describes a collection of learned and shared attitudes, values and beliefs that form the foundation of the hygienic behaviors used within a particular food handling environment. Sharman et al. defines food safety culture as a long-term paradigm in a food handling organization deeply rooted in beliefs, behaviors and assumptions which impact the food safety performance within the organization.
  • 1.4K
  • 22 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Pedestrian Violations
Pedestrians are a vulnerable group of road users. Worldwide, the number of pedestrian deaths annually in road traffic accidents is about 270,000, which exceeds 22% of all traffic mortalities. This rate reveals its critical role in traffic safety research. Of these, pedestrian accidents mainly occur at signalized intersections when pedestrians illegally pass-through crosswalks, which are highly dangerous due to the high risk of pedestrian–vehicle interactions. Illegal crossings mainly include pedestrians crossing at red lights or outside of marked crosswalks, and the former usually causes severe harm. This risky behavior may raise traffic safety issues between pedestrians and driving vehicles. As such, it is necessary to analyze pedestrian red-light violations at signalized intersections and to reduce the risk of pedestrian crossing violations.
  • 1.4K
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Anabolic Steroids and COVID-19 Infection
Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) are synthetic analogs of testosterone that can affect the immune system. Bodybuilders and sportsmen are at risk of abusing AASs. The findings suggest that the use of AASs could be an underlying risk factor for COVID-19 severity. 
  • 1.4K
  • 21 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Child Waste Workers' Health Sufferings in South Asia
Child labor remains a health hazard, affecting the mental, physical, and emotional well-being of children. Children engage in waste management through various channels while constantly working to create a healthier and cleaner environment and exposing themselves to numerous health risks. 
  • 1.4K
  • 01 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Entrepreneurial Mindset and Career Adaptability
Entrepreneurial mindset refers to the cognitive ability that allows individuals to flexibly adapt to a dynamic, uncertain environment. It involves creativity, innovativeness, and risk-taking necessary for adjustment, creating new values, and utilizing new opportunities. These properties of the entrepreneurial mindset are applicable not just to venture creation but to general career development, and there are studies investigating entrepreneurial mindset in relation to general career-related factors such as career awareness and career decision-making self-efficacy and career maturity. Career adaptability refers to coping resources that enable individuals to tackle complex and unfamiliar problems in the context of an uncertain and unstable labor market environment. Career adaptability involves competences such as planning, decision-making, exploring, and problem-solving, while the entrepreneurial mindset influences managing resources, making decisions, and taking control.
  • 1.3K
  • 05 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Bongkrekic Acid as a Threat to Food Safety
Bongkrekic acid (BKA) poisoning, induced by the contamination of Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans, has a long-standing history of causing severe outbreaks of foodborne illness. It has emerged as a lethal food safety concern, presenting significant challenges to public health. 
  • 1.3K
  • 08 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Nanomaterials for Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Industrial wastewater originating from various industries contributes as a major source of water pollution. This pollutant poses a severe threat to the environment. Recent years saw nanomaterials as a potential candidate for pollutants removal. Nowadays, a range of cost-effective nanomaterials is available with unique properties.
  • 1.3K
  • 22 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Family Influence Adolescent Eating Habits
Promoting healthy eating habits can prevent adolescent obesity in which family may play a significant role. Ten themes on how family influences adolescent dietary KAP were found: Knowledge—(1) parental education, (2) parenting style, and (3) family illness experience; Attitudes—(4) family health, (5) cultivation of preference, and (6) family motivation; Practices—(7) home meals and food availability, (8) time and cost, (9) parenting style, and (10) parental practical knowledge and attitudes. 
  • 1.3K
  • 22 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Innovative Strategies to Fuel Organic Food Business Growth
Whether consumers seek organic food for a healthy body or more as food for thought continues to be debated. Consumers do not need to be protected from the reality of organic food. The recommendation for marketers is to enhance the education of consumers and to pursue clear communication with them, as honesty may be the best policy here. Customers’ loyalty lies in trust, not in the brand. Availability, variety, and taste are the top three factors affecting consumers’ purchase decisions. Surprisingly, price or health consciousness is not the first concern for consumers.
  • 1.2K
  • 08 Mar 2022
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