Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Topic Review
Carbon Emission Reduction Efforts and Government Subsidy Strategies
Government subsidies positively influenced the carbon emission reduction efforts and marketing efforts of supply chain members and could increase the overall profit of the supply chain and the overall welfare of society. Meanwhile, social welfare increased first and then decreased with the subsidy, and there was a maximum value. Within a certain threshold, when the market demand was sensitive to carbon emission reduction efforts, it was more beneficial to subsidize manufacturers, and when it was sensitive to marketing efforts, subsidizing retailers was more beneficial. Regardless of the subsidy situation, an optimal subsidy rate exists among supply chain members. Meanwhile, adjusting government subsidy measures can decrease the profit gap between supply chain members, and it provides potential possibilities for cooperation among supply chain members.
  • 1.0K
  • 24 Mar 2022
Topic Review
LCA&MFA for E-Waste Management
The complexity in WEEE management has prompted the need for suitable tools to understand the generation of e-waste as well as to assess the associated environmental impacts. Two such tools that are frequently used in waste management in general and also associated with WEEE are material flow analysis (MFA) and life cycle assessment (LCA). Both of these tools are frequently referred to in literature as useful in assisting decision-making in WEEE management.
  • 1.0K
  • 22 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Food Security Analysis
Food security is related to human wellbeing and sustainable development and an important guarantee for world peace. In the context of global climate change, increased food demand, resource depletion, conflicts, and frequent public health emergencies, food security is widely seen as one of the top challenges. Food security research has obvious interdisciplinary characteristics, involving a wide range of fields.
  • 1.0K
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Sources and Health Effects of Indoor Air Pollution
Indoor air pollution can be treated with techniques such as chemical purification, ventilation, isolation, and removing pollutions by plants (phytoremediation). Indoor air pollution can be treated with techniques such as chemical purification, ventilation, isolation, and removing pollutions by plants (phytoremediation).
  • 1.0K
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Soil Health
Healthy soils are the foundation for meeting the increasing world population’s needs for food, fiber, nutrition, and healthy environment on a limited landmass further confounded by climate change grand challenge that requires multi-dimensional solutions.
  • 1.0K
  • 23 Jul 2021
Topic Review
History of Terms Sustainable and Sustainability
The terms sustainable and sustainability are currently often used in scientific journals, including Energies. There are cases where these terms are defined or operationalized, but more often they are not. This is problematic, as there are reportedly hundreds of (different) definitions and operationalizations (in terms of standards or goals) of sustainability. This large number has its roots in history. Many current definitions and operationalizations of sustainability are social constructs. As these constructs vary, there can be variation in the characterization of specific ways to provide energy as sustainable or not sustainable. There are also definitions of sustainability that have emerged from the sciences. These definitions can also lead to differences in the characterization of specific ways to provide energy as sustainable or not sustainable. 
  • 1.0K
  • 12 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Sustainable Construction in Kenya
The practice of landscape architecture in Kenya is growing alongside the country’s construction industry, which is experiencing exponential growth in tandem with construction trends globally. With the growth in the industry, there has been significant growth in the economy, high consumption of natural resources, a 50% increased contribution to the world’s landfill waste, and pollution of the adjacent environment.
  • 1.0K
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Crop Residue Management in India
Crop residue management choices should be measured on the premise of productivity, gain, and environmental impact. These criteria would overlap with those employed in the approach of ecological intensification for intensive crop production systems aiming to fulfill the increasing demand for food, feed, fiber, and fuel, while meeting acceptable standards of environmental quality.
  • 1.0K
  • 02 Dec 2021
Topic Review
The New Green Challenge in Urban Planning
The creation of green areas within urban centers was born as a response to profoundly different problems, such as the demographic increase and the progressive urbanization of landscapes. Moreover, up to date, the genetics of plants has not been considered for urban contexts. Considering the multitude of urban contexts, purposes, and needs for which green spaces in cities are created, it is today very challenging to provide an exhaustive definition of ‘urban area’ and its relative ‘urban vegetation’, since the geographic, climatic, and resource-related opportunities, and constraints, are not equally distributed factors across the world and specific for each context. Furthermore, urban vegetation can also include cultural plant typology with agricultural interest related to food production, such as the horticultural species.
  • 998
  • 08 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Different Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Typologies
Building-integrated photovoltaic technologies have considerable potential for the generation of on-site renewable energy. Despite this, their market penetration is in a relatively embryonic phase with respect to grounded or building-attached solutions, and they have limited commercial application. Their integration into building façades may represent a key asset in meeting the net-zero emissions by 2050 scenario, in particular for high-rise buildings in which the roof-to-façade ratio is unfavorable for the fulfillment of the energy load using only roof photovoltaic technology. 
  • 992
  • 11 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Mapping Green Infrastructure Based on Multifunctional Ecosystem Services
Most sustainable planning frameworks assess natural and social–economic landscape systems as separate entities, and the understanding of the interrelationships between them is incomplete. Landscape classification in urbanizing environments requires an integrated spatial planning approach to better address the United Nation’s sustainable development challenges.
  • 990
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review
De-Carbonization of Zhejiang Province by Nature
The increasing emission of CO2 causes global warming and ocean acidification, imposing damages on the global ecosystem. With the continuous development of industry, fossil CO2 emissions have increased rapidly, and global fossil CO2 emissions have reached 36.4 Gt yr−1 in 2021. In response to the increasing global warming, climate goals, i.e., “zero carbon” and “carbon neutral”, have been proposed by more than 130 countries in the world while 66 of them have reached a consensus on the net-zero target. 
  • 986
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Photocatalytic Transformation of Biomass and Biomass Derived Compounds
Biomass and biomass-derived compounds have become an important alternative feedstock for chemical industry. They may replace fossil feedstocks such as mineral oil and related platform chemicals. These compounds may also be transformed conveniently into new innovative bioactive products, for example, for the medicinal or the agrochemical domain.
  • 981
  • 27 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Sources of Active Travel Data
Active travel (AT), namely journeys that have been undertaken either entirely or partially using human-powered transportation modes such as walking, cycling, or using a wheelchair, has been the focus of much attention due to its potential for remedying negative impacts of urbanization. Among other benefits, AT helps to meet required physical activity guidelines and reduces traffic congestion and pollution. Furthermore, AT induces the uptake of emerging micromobility, a term that describes the use of electrically assessed lightweight vehicles such as e-bikes, e-scooters, e-skateboards, and hoverboards.
  • 978
  • 12 Jul 2021
Topic Review
E-Commerce Challenges in Latin America
E-commerce and urban logistics are deeply connected. The development of new distribution methods, the optimization of last-mile delivery, and the location of urban warehouses in central areas are mainly due to e-commerce’s exponential growth in the last few years. E-commerce has increased last-mile deliveries. Increasingly diverse types of households buy online instead of going to physical stores. The change in consumer behavior affects cities’ mobility, with a growing network of logistic providers overseeing deliveries to final customers The rise of e-commerce has different consequences for cities. It is important to identify the aspects of e-commerce that challenge the urban systems and stakeholders involved. Decarbonization in the e-commerce logistics sector in Latin American countries still has room for improvement (for example, using metrics and electric vehicles) to match the levels of companies with similar characteristics in European, Asian, or North American countries.
  • 978
  • 15 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Fenton
The use of new technologies for the removal of pollutants from wastewater has become globally necessary due to the complexity and facilities defined by conventional treatments. Advanced oxidative processes, specifically the Fenton process, have become widely applied given their low cost and ease of use.
  • 973
  • 22 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Digital Twin System in Virtual Participation
Public participation is crucial in promoting built environment quality. Most studies on built environment participatory projects primarily use physical models (i.e., physical replicas) or 2D maps as tools to interact with the general public. The digital twin model and physical replicas have the common ground of simulating built environment changes and, therefore, assisting the decision-making process in environment optimization.
  • 970
  • 16 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Hydrogen Addition
The addition of hydrogen in natural gas degrades over time the materials of transport and storage. This degradation depends on the ratio of hydrogen natural gas. After addition, several criteria need to be assessed: In the following, the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) effect on design, maintenance and surveillance of smooth and damaged gas pipes is presented.
  • 967
  • 05 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Edible Insects in European Society
Entomophagy has a long and rich history in human culture. In fact, insects have been a part of human diets for thousands of years, with evidence of their consumption found in prehistoric archaeological sites. Throughout history, entomophagy has been a common practice in many cultures, particularly in parts of Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Oceania. In some societies, insects were considered a delicacy and were reserved for special occasions, while, in others, they were a staple food source. The roots of entomophagy vary depending on culture and region, but common reasons include the nutritional benefits of insects, their abundance and accessibility, and the cultural and religious significance of certain species. While the practice of entomophagy has declined in some parts of the world due to the influence of Western culture and industrialization, it continues to be important in many societies. Despite its long history and potential benefits, entomophagy has faced cultural and social stigmas in many parts of the world. However, recent efforts have been made to promote entomophagy as a sustainable and nutritious food source and to challenge cultural biases against insect consumption.
  • 962
  • 16 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Controlled Environment Agriculture and Sustainability
Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) is one of the emerging agri-food technologies that has increasingly gained attention from researchers, practitioners, and consumers for its potential to make growing practices more sustainable. The term controlled environment agriculture was first introduced in the 1960s, referring to an intensive approach for controlling plant growth through the broad implementation of advanced techniques and innovations in technology. In this sense, CEA is not a completely new concept, as agriculture has witnessed a technological and functional evolution over the last century, from simple row covers in open fields to highly sophisticated indoor facilities where all growing elements are under accurate control. By controlling the growth environments and manipulating plant responses to their environments, CEA claims to offer advantages to increase production efficiency, optimise plant yield, and improve product quality.
  • 960
  • 17 Jan 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 26
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Reprints

>>
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of Medieval Royal Iconography
Academic Video Service
Feedback