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Topic Review
Gluten Free Wheat
Gluten proteins, major determinants of the bread-making quality of wheat, are related to several digestive disorders. Advances in plant genetic breeding have allowed the production of wheat lines with very low gliadin content through the use of RNAi and gene editing technologies. 
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Oct 2021
Topic Review
SERVQUAL Method as an “Old New” Tool
The SERVQUAL model, which is a research tool, determines the relative impact of five dimensions, namely, tangibility, reliability, responsibility, confidence, and empathy, on customer perception. In the medical field, an efficient identification of errors in the process of creating and providing services is conducive to high quality. The SQ method basically refers to gap 5, the last one in the above list, combining service quality design from the customer’s point of view, where the customer is also the service provider. Service evaluation is carried out by means of a questionnaire/survey, dedicated to this method and regarded as a measurement tool. The Servqual method enables to learn the patient's expectations, while the service provider can identify irregularities and implement corrections. It allows the executive staff of medical facilities to change elements of medical procedures, which improves the quality of the service provided and thus increases satisfaction and compliance of patients.
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Dec 2021
Topic Review
The Concept of Postbiotics
In 2021, the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) defined a postbiotic as “a preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host”. This definition of postbiotic requires that the whole or components of inactivated microbes be present, with or without metabolic end products. The definition proposed by ISAPP is comprehensive enough to allow the development of postbiotics from different microorganisms, to be applied in different body sites, encouraging innovation in a promising area for any regulatory category and for companion or production animals, and plant or human health. From a technological perspective, probiotic products may contain inanimate microorganisms, which have the potential to impart a health benefit. However, their contribution to health in most cases has not been established, even if at least one probiotic has been shown to confer the same health benefit by live or inanimate cells.
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Dietary Sugars and Diabetes Development from Mitochondrial Perspective
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased worldwide at an alarming rate. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for T2D development. One of the main reasons for the abrupt rise in MetS incidence, besides a sedentary lifestyle, is the westernized diet consumption, with high content of industrialized foods, rich in added dietary sugars (DS), mainly sucrose and fructose. It has been suggested that a higher intake of DS could impair metabolic function, inducing MetS, and predisposing to T2D. However, it remains poorly explored how excessive DS intake modulates mitochondrial function, a key player in metabolism. 
  • 1.1K
  • 05 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Glial Cells in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Ischemic stroke is the second cause of mortality and the first cause of long-term disability constituting a serious socioeconomic burden worldwide. Approved treatments include thrombectomy and rtPA intravenous administration, which, despite their efficacy in some cases, are not suitable for a great proportion of patients. Glial cell-related therapies are progressively overcoming inefficient neuron-centered approaches in the preclinical phase. Exploiting the ability of microglia to naturally switch between detrimental and protective phenotypes represents a promising therapeutic treatment, in a similar way to what happens with astrocytes. However, the duality present in many of the roles of these cells upon ischemia poses a notorious difficulty in disentangling the precise pathways to target. Still, promoting M2/A2 microglia/astrocyte protective phenotypes and inhibiting M1/A1 neurotoxic profiles is globally rendering promising results in different in vivo models of stroke.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Sensor-Based Fall Risk Assessment
Fall risk assessment is a complicated process based on detection and analysis of factors leading to falls. Sensor-based fall risk assessment is a promising technology which uses sensors to assess risk of falls by analyzing factors like gait characteristics.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Traditional Chinese Exercises and Elderly
As the General Administration of Sport of China recommends, more and more people are choosing traditional Chinese exercies to exercise at home. This entry has been written based on the hypothesis that TECs have a positive effect on the blood lipid parameters of middle-aged and older people. This systematic review included 42 RCTs, with 6 TCEs with 2977 subjects aged 55 to 60 years, providing high-quality evidence of the effect of six kinds of TCE on blood lipids.
  • 1.1K
  • 04 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Probiotics and Prebiotics Concepts
Probiotics are microorganisms which, if taken in sufficient quantities, contribute positively to the health of the host and are the focus of both scientific studies and commercial companies. 
  • 1.1K
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer
 Dietary fiber intake reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer. 
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Application of Triboelectric Nanogenerators  for Biophysical Sensing System
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can not only collect mechanical energy around or inside the human body and convert it into electricity but also help monitor our body and the world by providing interpretable electrical signals during energy conversion, thus emerging as an innovative medical solution for both daily health monitoring and clinical treatment and bringing great convenience.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Potential Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
The main host target receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is involved in maintaining blood pressure and vascular remodeling, and is expressed on adipocytes, other cells at mucosal surfaces, and in the vasculature, heart, kidneys, pancreas and brain.
  • 1.1K
  • 21 Jan 2022
Topic Review
High Altitude Cerebral Edema Management
High altitude illness in its most severe form can lead to high altitude cerebral edema (HACE). The strategies have focused on prevention with graduated ascents, pharmacologic prophylaxis, and descent at first signs of symptoms. Little is understood regarding treatment with steroids and oxygenation being commonly utilized. Pre-clinical studies with turmeric derivatives have offered promise due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but they warrant validation clinically. 
  • 1.1K
  • 25 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Online Pharmacies Selling Prescription Drugs
Almost half of the online pharmacies are not properly regulated and fraudulent issues were uncovered. To address this issue, stricter regulation by World Health Organization and implementation should be carried out together with frequent monitoring of the licensure system and pharmacy verification on every online pharmacy, this would reduce the number of illegal or illegitimate online pharmacy. 
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN)
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is widely recognized as a potentially severe toxicity that often leads to dose reduction or discontinuation of cancer treatment. Symptoms may persist despite discontinuation of chemotherapy and quality of life can be severely compromised. The clinical symptoms of CIPN, and the cellular and molecular targets involved in CIPN, are just as diverse as the wide variety of anticancer agents that cause peripheral neurotoxicity.
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Surgical Treatment of Acute Ankle Injury
Ankle sprains are exceedingly common injuries in both athletes and the general population. They account for 10 to 30% of all sports injuries. Although the vast majority of lateral ankle ligament injuries respond successfully to conservative management, the absolute number of those that progress to chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) remains considerably important. This condition is characterized by persistent symptoms and may be associated with short-term and long-term complications and functional deficits. 
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Anti-Obesity Effects of Natural Constituents
Obesity is a chronic metabolic complication, and its management requires long-term medication, lifestyle modifications, and dietary interventions. Patients taking anti-obesity medications may suffer from side effects such as psychiatric disorders, anxiety, depression, and vitamin deficiency. Various classes of natural compounds are promising agents to combat the obesity pandemic. Developing safer drugs may require polytherapeutic strategies to combat the global obesity pandemic.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Scientific Advances in Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease Control
Despite the fact that rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) have largely been eradicated from high-income countries, the disease spectrum remains endemic in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), extacting a grim health and socioeconomic impact. Over 33 million people are believed to be living with RHD worldwide, claiming nearly a third of a million lives annually. Regrettably, the neglect of RHD as a global health priority was further exacerbated by competing infectious disease outbreaks, chief among them the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Nevertheless, the prior two decades have seen a slowly resurgence of interest in RF/RHD control. Substantial recent advances in the field of RF/RHD continuum control, however, have been realized over this time period. Such primary advances include a better understanding the genetic predisposition to RHD, progress in Group A Streptococcus (GAS) vaccine development, and improved diagnostic strategies for GAS pharyngitis. Echocardiographic screening for RHD, in particular, has represented a major advance which has unearthed the prevailing high burden of RHD. Lastly, the recent demonstration of benefit of secondary antibiotic prophylaxis on halting progression of latent RHD has marked a major step forward in averting progression of end-stage valvular disease in LMIC settings.
  • 1.1K
  • 19 May 2022
Topic Review
Fruits Vinegar
Fruits vinegar (FsV) is a healthy drink wealthy in bioactive compounds that provide several beneficial properties. It contains a cocktail of bioactive ingredients including polyphenolic acids, organic acids, tetramethylperazine, and melanoidins. Acetic acid is the most abundant organic acid and chlorogenic acid is the major phenol in apple vinegar. The administration of fruits vinegar could prevent diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, oxidative stress, cancer, and boost immunity as well as provide a remarkable antioxidant ability. 
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Computer-Assisted Tissue Image Analysis in Minimally Invasive Surgery
Computer-assisted tissue image analysis (CATIA) enables an optical biopsy of human tissue during minimally invasive surgery and endoscopy. Thus far, it has been implemented in gastrointestinal, endometrial, and dermatologic examinations that use computational analysis and image texture feature systems.
  • 1.1K
  • 21 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Update on Cyber Health Psychology
In recent years, there has been more and more talk of cyber health psychology and the implication that new technologies can have in the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of psychopathological issues in the field of mental health, ranging from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to addiction to substances of abuse.
  • 1.1K
  • 25 Mar 2022
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