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Topic Review
Prunus
Prunus species, as climacteric fruits, have a short ripening period and shelf-life after harvest, with a fast period of softening.
  • 2.2K
  • 19 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Bioactivities of Red Pitaya Fruits
Pitahaya, or the pitaya fruit, is a well-known member of the Cactaceae family and is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas. Pitaya fruit is classified based on the colour of pulp and peel, namely white-pulp with pink peel pitaya (Hylocereus undatus), red-pulp with pink peel pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and white-pulp with yellow skin (Hylocereus megulanthus).
  • 2.1K
  • 22 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Poultry Parasitic Diseases
Parasitic infections are a major public health concern affecting millions of people universally. The medicinal importance of natural herbs depends upon their bioactive ingredients, which are originated from crude plants, consequently leading to the specific action on the body. Due to the limited availability of effective drugs and high cost, the development of drug resistance in several harmful parasites and microbes leads to huge economic losses in the poultry industry.
  • 2.1K
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Brewer’s Spent Grains
Brewer’s spent grains (BSG) is the main solid by-product in the brewing industry, obtained during lautering. BSG has a multitude of applications and it can be used as a valuable fedstock for production of different products. Moreover, it could also be used as a biomass for energy purposes.
  • 2.1K
  • 21 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Beneficial Microorganisms in Soil Quality and Plant Health
The practice of agriculture has always been a source of food production. The increase in the global population leads to improvements in agriculture, increasing crop quality and yield. Plant growth results from the interaction between roots and their environment, which is the soil or planting medium that provides structural support as well as water and nutrients to the plant. Therefore, good soil management is necessary to prevent problems that will directly affect plant health. Integrated crop management is a pragmatic approach to crop production, which includes integrated pest management focusing on crop protection. Currently, there is an extended idea that many microorganisms, such as fungi or bacteria, are useful in agriculture since they are attractive eco-friendly alternatives to mineral fertilizers and chemical pesticides. The microbes that interact with the plants supply nutrients to crops, control phytopathogens and stimulate plant growth. These actions have beneficial implications in agriculture.
  • 2.1K
  • 23 May 2022
Topic Review
Aquilaria Identification Methods and Phytochemicals
Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg is the resin-containing wood of the Aquilaria. Agarwood is a traditional Chinese medicine included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.  The main phytochemicals of agarwood include terpenoids, dominated by sesquiterpenes. For centuries, terpenoids have been used in traditional Chinese medicine and have been shown to possess various pharmacological properties, including bacteriostatic, antibacterial, sedation, analgesia, anti-inflammation, anti-asthmatic, hypoglycemic, antidepressant, and many others. Alongside biological activity screening, phytochemical advances and pharmacological research have also made certain progress. 
  • 2.1K
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Developing Yoghurt as Functional Food
Edible coatings and films appear to be a very promising strategy for delivering bioactive compounds and probiotics in food systems when direct incorporation/inoculation is not an option. The production of dairy products has undergone radical modifications thanks to nanotechnology. Despite being a relatively new occurrence in the dairy sector, nanotechnology has quickly become a popular means of increasing the bioavailability and favorable health effects of a variety of bioactive components. 
  • 2.1K
  • 28 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Pampas Fox
The Pampas Fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus) is a small carnivorous mammal native to the grasslands and savannas of South America, particularly the Pampas region. Recognized for its sleek appearance and bushy tail, the Pampas Fox is well-adapted to its open habitat, where it preys on small mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects. Despite facing threats from habitat loss and human persecution, the Pampas Fox plays a crucial role in its ecosystem as a predator and scavenger, contributing to the regulation of prey populations and nutrient cycling.
  • 2.1K
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Otter Civet
The Otter Civet, scientifically known as Cynogale bennettii, is a unique and elusive mammal belonging to the Viverridae family. Endemic to Southeast Asia, particularly in regions such as Borneo and Sumatra, the Otter Civet is characterized by its sleek, otter-like appearance and semi-aquatic lifestyle. Despite its intriguing features, this species remains relatively understudied, adding to its enigmatic nature and highlighting the importance of continued research and conservation efforts.
  • 2.1K
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Sloth Bear
The Sloth Bear (Melursus ursinus) is a medium-sized bear species native to the Indian subcontinent. Recognized for its shaggy, coarse fur and distinctively long, curved claws, this primarily insectivorous mammal inhabits a variety of habitats, ranging from dry grasslands to dense forests. The Sloth Bear is characterized by its unique feeding behavior, often observed foraging for termites and ants with its specialized lips and powerful claws, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem balance through its impact on insect populations.
  • 2.1K
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Implementing Sustainable Irrigation
      The sustainability of irrigated agriculture is threatening due to adverse climate change, given future projections that every one in four people on Earth might be suffering from extreme water scarcity by the year 2025. Pressurized irrigation systems and appropriate irrigation schedules can increase water productivity (i.e., product yield per unit volume of water consumed by the crop) and reduce the evaporative or system loss of water as opposed to traditional surface irrigation methods. However, in water-scarce countries, irrigation management frequently becomes a complex task. Deficit irrigation and the use of non-conventional water resources (e.g., wastewater, brackish groundwater) has been adopted in many cases as part of a climate change mitigation measures to tackle the water poverty issue. Protected cultivation systems such as greenhouses or screenhouses equipped with artificial intelligence systems present another sustainable option for improving water productivity and may help to alleviate water scarcity in these countries. This article presents a comprehensive review of the literature, which deals with sustainable irrigation for open-field and protected cultivation systems under the impact of climatic change in vulnerable areas, including the Mediterranean region.
  • 2.1K
  • 27 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) is the causative agent of Fusarium wilt disease of watermelon; it is the most serious soil-borne pathogen around the globe. 
  • 2.1K
  • 29 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Ustilago Maydis
Ustilago maydis is a smut fungus that infects all aerial maize organs, namely, seedling leaves, tassels, and ears.
  • 2.1K
  • 19 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Sperm Sex-Sorting
The utilization of sex-sorted sperm for artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilization is considered a valuable tool for improving production efficiency and optimizing reproductive management in farm animals, subsequently ensuring sufficient food resource for the growing human population. 
  • 2.1K
  • 29 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Croaker Fishery Exploited from the Bay of Bengal
Croakers, locally called Jewfish or Poa mash, are among the largest groups of commercially important fishes exploited from Bangladesh’s Bay of Bengal (BoB) water. Croakers are under the Perciformes order and belong to the family Sciaenidae.
  • 2.1K
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Salicylic Acid in Root Growth and Development
In plants, salicylic acid (SA) is a hormone that mediates a plant’s defense against pathogens. SA also takes an active role in a plant’s response to various abiotic stresses, including chilling, drought, salinity, and heavy metals. In addition, in recent years, numerous studies have confirmed the important role of SA in plant morphogenesis.
  • 2.1K
  • 10 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Pratylenchus
Root-lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus are migratory endoparasites belonging to the family Pratylenchidae (Nematoda, Tylenchina), with around 100 species recognized today.
  • 2.1K
  • 21 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Drivers of Palatability for Cats and Dogs
The pet food industry is an important sector of the pet care market that is growing rapidly. Whilst the number of new and innovative products continues to rise, research and development to assess product performance follows traditional palatability methodology. Pet food palatability research focuses on the amount of food consumed through use of one-bowl and two-bowl testing, but little understanding is given to why differences are observed, particularly at a fundamental ingredient level.
  • 2.1K
  • 27 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Shade Covers in Water Reservoirs
Shade objects are small plastic spheres, squares or even hexagons floating on top of a water reserve for environmental reasons. The creator of shade balls in California originally used them to prevent chemical treatments in the reservoir from reacting with sunlight creating bromate, which is a carcinogen regulated by many institutions worldwide (chlorine plus sunlight turns bromine into bromate that is a potentially cancer-causing agent; because shady objects stop bromate from forming below, less chlorine is required to treat the water than without them). More recently, other environmental issues have been associated to the use of shade objects: slowing down water evaporation, preventing algae blooms, avoiding birds landing on bodies of water and promote water heating.
  • 2.1K
  • 21 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Non-Mendelian Heredity in Plant Breeding
Mendelian heredity is the cornerstone of plant breeding and has been used to develop new varieties of plants since the 19th century. However, there are several breeding cases, such as cytoplasmic inheritance, methylation, epigenetics, hybrid vigor, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH), where Mendelian heredity is not applicable, known as non-Mendelian heredity. This type of inheritance can be influenced by several factors besides the genetic architecture of the plant and its breeding potential. Therefore, exploring various non-Mendelian heredity mechanisms, their prevalence in plants, and the implications for plant breeding is of paramount importance to accelerate the pace of crop improvement.
  • 2.1K
  • 15 Jun 2023
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