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Topic Review
Higher Education Sustainable Business Excellence
Higher education has always been a driver of development for an entire society, as it influences the growth of the economy, culture and individual career development. Accordingly, higher education is an area that is constantly exposed to requests for the continuous improvement, competitiveness and sustainable development of all of the processes carried out in higher education institutions (HEIs). Sustainable business excellence (SBE) is based on a business excellence (BE) concept, meaning that the exceptional levels of performance that meet or go beyond the expectations of different groups of stakeholders are obtained and kept, with current resource usage, which will not compromise future generations’ ability to meet their resource utilisation. SBE represents a concept with many influencing factors: participation, motivation, professional staff training, a focus on customers, strategic planning, a focus on innovation and continuous improvement, leadership, process management, and most crucially sustainable resource management.
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Nov 2021
Topic Review
E-Commerce User Experience in the Last-Mile Delivery
The role of last-mile delivery implies the complexity of managing the flood of parcels in cities, along with the demands for and complexity of omnichannel retailing. The last-mile delivery process involves different stakeholders, such as consumers, logistics providers, and retailers. The last-mile delivery concept presents a chain of storage and transport process steps. Each chain starts at the depot and ends with a handover element. The process chain consists of one or multiple transport and storage process steps moving the shipments closer to the customer. Customer experience in the last-mile delivery process can be a key factor in a customer’s decision to return to the same retailer or brand. Customers are increasingly looking for reliable delivery, as well as flexibility in choosing the time and place of delivery. For this reason, retailers and logistics service providers (courier services) need to focus on providing an efficient and quality experience in the last-mile delivery process to meet customer needs and maintain competitiveness. In addition, the user experience in the product delivery process plays a key role in increasing the user satisfaction.
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
I4.0, Servitisation, and Circular Economy
Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies have been highlighted in recent literature as enablers of servitisation. Simultaneously, businesses are advised to implement a circular economy (CE) to bring new opportunities. However, it is pertinent to mention that little attention has been given to assess the role of I4.0 in adopting the CE and servitisation in a fully integrated manner. This research fills this gap by developing a conceptual framework through a systematic literature review of 139 studies investigating the relationship between the I4.0, CE, and servitisation. This study identifies the impact of these variables on a firm’s operational and financial performance (revenue stream, growth, and profitability). Our research findings advocate that adopting I4.0 technologies to the business and manufacturing model enables sustainability, energy and resource efficiency while enhancing performance and offering innovative products through smart services. Thus, firms must systematically adopt I4.0 technologies to support a CE model that creates value through servitisation. This study identifies the research gaps that are unexplored for practitioners and future researchers while providing insight into the role of I4.0 in implementing CE in the servitisation business model.
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Properties of HVOF-PVD Duplex Coatings
The morphology (surface and cross-section) of the high-velocity oxygen–fuel coupled physical vapor deposition (HVOF-PVD)  duplex coating and its mechanical (stress and load-bearing capacity), tribological (wear and lubrication), and corrosion (chemical and electrochemical) behavior are described and discussed for surface protective concern. The duplex coating involves a combination of a thick, hard HVOF bottom layer and a thin, hard yet tough PVD top layer. The hardness and modulus of the HVOF coating are between those of the soft substrate and the hard PVD coating, which thereafter provides a smooth transition and effective support between them. As a result, the HVOF interlayer can eliminate the plastic deformation of the substrate due to stress concentration under heavy load, effectively avoiding the “eggshell effect”. As expected, the duplex coating system would provide excellent load-bearing capacity. In terms of tribology, the wear resistance of the HVOF-PVD duplex coating is significantly improved compared to that of PVD monolayer coating. 
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Data-Driven Modeling in Drilling in Well Operations
Swab and surge pressure fluctuations are decisive during drilling for oil. The axial movement of the pipe in the wellbore causes pressure fluctuations in wellbore fluid; these pressure fluctuations can be either positive or negative, corresponding to the direction of the movement of the pipe. For example, if the drill string is lowering down in the borehole, the drop is positive (surge pressure), and if the drill string is pulling out of the hole, the drop is negative (swab pressure). The intensity of these pressure fluctuations depends on the speed of the lowering down (tripping in) or withdrawing the pipe out (tripping out). High tripping speed corresponds to higher pressure fluctuations and can lead to fracturing the well formation. Low tripping speed leads to a slow operation, causing non-productive time, thus increasing the overall well budget. 
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Exploring Lean HRM Practices in the Aerospace Industry
Lean management is an approach that allows companies to reduce costs and improve quality to achieve significant growth. As such, myriad organizations across many different sectors are deploying resources and effort to implement Lean management principles. However, the adoption of Lean within a company is not straightforward because it is not just a set of tools to be used, but rather a process that requires the active participation and commitment of all the members of the organization, with special emphasis on the employees, as they are the ones doing the actual implementation work. Lean places people at its core, acknowledging their contribution to the company’s growth and the fundamental role human resources management (HRM) practices play in the success and sustainability of Lean transformations. However, the relationship between HRM practices and Lean remains largely unexplored in the literature. 
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Bioactive Compounds from Food Industry Bioresidues
With the increasing demand for convenient and ready-to-eat foods, the use of antioxidants and preservative additives in foodstuff formulation is essential. In addition to their technological functions in food, bio-based additives confer beneficial properties for human health for having antioxidant capacity and acting as antimicrobial, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory agents, among others. The replacement of preservatives and other additives from synthetic origin, usually related to adverse effects on human health, faces some challenges such as availability and cost. An opportunity to obtain these compounds lies in the food industry itself, as a great variety of food waste has been identified as an excellent source of high value-added compounds. Large amounts of seeds, fibrous strands, peel, bagasse, among other parts of fruits and vegetables are lost or wasted during industrial processing, despite being rich sources of bioactive compounds. From a circular economy perspective, this work reviewed the main advances on the recovery of value-added compounds from food industry bioresidues for food application. Bioactive compounds, mainly phenolic compounds, have been largely obtained, mostly from seeds and peels, and have been successfully incorporated into foods. Additionally, alternative and eco-friendly extraction techniques, as ultrasound and microwave, have showed advantages in extracting antioxidant and preservatives compounds. 
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Cycle Process of High-Temperature Heat Pump
The high-temperature heat pump, as a low-carbonization technology, has broad application prospects in replacing boiler heating, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and improving the energy utilization efficiency.
  • 1.1K
  • 25 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Refrigerated Transport
The cold chain is responsible for perishable products preservation and transportation, maintaining a proper temperature to slow biological decay processes. Often the efficiency of the cold chain is less than ideal, significantly increasing food waste and energy consumption. Refrigerated transport is a critical phase of the cold chain because of its negative impact on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Structural Batteries
Structural power composites are a new class of materials/structural configurations capable of storing electric energy and, at the same time, carrying mechanical loads. They stand out as a possible solution to the demands of the modern transportation system of more efficient and eco-friendly vehicles.
  • 1.1K
  • 16 May 2021
Topic Review
Green Closed-Loop Supply Chain Response to Carbon Policies
As greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions continue to increase, governments throughout the world are under increasing pressure to enact legislation restricting emissions and implement environmental measures, such as the Kyoto Protocol and the European Union Emission Trading System.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Analysis of Tehran’s Air Pollution
Air pollution is one of the major issues in urban management. Researchers proposes a simulated model of the pollution level of the capital city of Tehran along with its source and outcomes based on system dynamics. 
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Data-Driven Decision-Making
Decision-making for manufacturing and maintenance operations is benefiting from the advanced sensor infrastructure of Industry 4.0, enabling the use of algorithms that analyze data, predict emerging situations, and recommend mitigating actions. 
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Innovation Management Systems
Standardized innovation management systems (SIMS) are homogeneous management systems which accelerate the conversion of an organization’s innovation strategy into effective actions. Thus, SIMSs ensure that innovation means not mere shiny novel inventions, but rather an organization’s ability to recognize and pursue new areas of opportunity while reacting to fluctuating conditions in its environment. In 2006, the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR) issued the Spanish UNE 166002: 2006, the first innovation management standard, as sets of principles intended to aid organizations in navigating the multifaceted process of innovation, schematizing their activities and improving management efficiency.
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Waste Natural Polymers
 Waste natural polymers have received much attention as renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic and low-cost filler in polymer composites. In order to exploit the high potential for residual natural loading in latex composites, different types of surface modification techniques have been applied. This review discusses the preparation and characterization of the modified waste natural fillers for latex-based composites. The potency of the waste natural filler for the latex-based composites was explored with a focus on the mechanical, thermal, biodegradability and filler–latex interaction.
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Machine-Learning Based Methods for PV
This entry presents the state of the art ML models applied in solar energy’s forecasting field i.e., for solar irradiance and power production forecasting (both point and interval or probabilistic forecasting), electricity price forecasting and energy demand forecasting. Other applications of ML into the photovoltaic (PV) field taken into account are the modelling of PV modules, PV design parameter extraction, tracking the maximum power point (MPP), PV systems efficiency optimization, PV/Thermal (PV/T) and Concentrating PV (CPV) system design parameters’ optimization and efficiency improvement, anomaly detection and energy management of PV’s storage systems. While many review papers already exist in this regard, they are usually focused only on one specific topic, while in this paper are gathered all the most relevant applications of ML for solar systems in many different fields. It gives an overview of the most recent and promising applications of machine learning used in the field of photovoltaic systems.
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Flashing Phenomena in Pressure Hydrometallurgy
Pressure hydrometallurgy has attracted much attention for its characteristics, such as the high adaptability of raw materials and environmental friendliness. Flashing (flash boiling or flash evaporation) refers to the phase change phenomenon from liquid to gas triggered by depressurization, which is an important connection between high-pressure processes and atmospheric ones in pressure hydrometallurgy.
  • 1.1K
  • 18 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Mining Equipment Management
Mining sector is an economic foundation and the main source of national wealth for many countries. Modern mining operations are ever more reliant on efficient usage of costly large-scale mining equipment (e.g., trucks, shovels/excavators/loaders, conveyors and crushers). Thus, mining equipment management is becoming crucial for the mining industry. To be viable and sustainable, mining enterprises need to operate different types of mining equipment units at various stages with the objective of minimizing the total cost or maximizing the whole productivity.
  • 1.0K
  • 23 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Occurrence of Bearing Currents in Electric Machines
In electrical machines, there are numerous negative phenomena of a destructive nature. The constructors of electrical machines try to limit these phenomena and/or minimize their negative effects. One such phenomenon in electrical machines is the occurrence of bearing voltages and currents. Despite their simple structure, the bearings are susceptible to damage to the raceway surface and rolling elements. Even small traces and imperfections of these surfaces may cause a serious failure resulting in the bearing being excluded from further operation.
  • 1.0K
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Cartridge (Respirator)
}} A respirator cartridge or canister is a container that cleans pollution from air. Employees working in a polluted atmosphere use respirators for health preservation. If the air in the workplace is polluted with noxious gases, but contains a lot of oxygen they often use air-purifying respirators (APR). These respirators provide employees breathable air by removing pollution from ambient air using canisters or cartridges. There are cartridges of different types, and they must be chosen correctly and replaced in a timely manner.
  • 1.0K
  • 16 Nov 2022
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