The evolving landscape of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has transcended its traditional boundaries, transitioning into Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles and their more advanced iteration, ESG 2.0. Unlike traditional CSR, which primarily emphasizes voluntary ethical practices, ESG integrates sustainability into the core business strategy, transforming how corporations address environmental and societal challenges while enhancing shareholder value. This entry focuses specifically on the European and North American contexts, where regulatory pressures, investor demands, and societal expectations have played pivotal roles in accelerating this transition. Understanding the evolution from CSR to ESG practices is crucial, given the increasing complexity of global challenges such as climate change, inequality, and governance scandals. The emphasis on ESG 2.0 highlights a proactive, strategic approach to embedding sustainability into corporate DNA, ensuring relevance in a rapidly changing world.