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Topic Review
Non-Iterative Cluster Routing
In conventional routing, a capsule network employs routing algorithms for bidirectional information flow between layers through iterative processes.
  • 482
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Mechanisms Linking Hyperuricemia and Kidney Disease Progression
Gout is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), owing to impaired uric acid excretion. However, treating gout in this population is challenging due to concerns about medication safety and efficacy with reduced kidney function. The 2020 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines recommend nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, and systemic glucocorticoids to treat acute gout flares. These can also be used as prophylaxis when starting urate-lowering therapy (ULT) to prevent flares. For ULT drugs like allopurinol, febuxostat, probenecid, benzbromarone, lesinurad, and pegloticase, key efficacy outcomes per most guidelines include: achieving target serum urate levels (<6 or <5 mg/dL), resolving tophi, reducing gout flares over time, improving quality of life, and radiographic changes. 
  • 153
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Mobile Live Commerce on Purchase Intention
Mobile live commerce is emerging as a new distribution channel as connectivity and information sharing become easier due to the increase in the use of SNS and mobile phones.
  • 157
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Radiological Aspects of Sacroiliitis
Sacroiliitis is the inflammation of the sacroiliac joint, the largest axial joint in the human body, contributing to 25% of lower back pain cases. It can be detected using various imaging techniques like radiography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Computed Tomography (CT) scans. Treatments range from conservative methods to invasive procedures. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence offer precise detection of this condition through imaging. Treatment options range from physical therapy and medications to invasive methods like joint injections and surgery. 
  • 107
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Protein as Therapeutic Target against COVID-19
The ORF3a (open reading frame 3a) protein found in SARS-CoV-2, represents a promising target for antiviral treatment due to its multifaceted role in viral pathogenesis, cytokine storms, disease severity, and mortality. ORF3a contributes significantly to viral pathogenesis by facilitating viral assembly and release, essential processes in the viral life cycle, while also suppressing the body’s antiviral responses, thus aiding viral replication. ORF3a also has been implicated in triggering excessive inflammation, characterized by NF-κB-mediated cytokine production, ultimately leading to apoptotic cell death and tissue damage in the lungs, kidneys, and the central nervous system. 
  • 172
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Snail Shell Waste in Food Industries
Effective waste management has become an urgent societal challenge. Food waste is made up of items meant for human consumption that are lost, polluted, disposed of, or deteriorated; the reutilization of shells from mollusk waste is a severe problem in terms of environmental protection and the development of the circular economy. The properties of waste shells are presented and discussed, including their biological–natural origin and high calcium carbonate content. This could add social and innovation focus on shell waste management, getting a non-toxic, eco-sustainable, low-cost, biodegradable supplement to invest in. Furthermore, it has the potential to support the circular economy approach by creating a closed system that minimizes the use of natural resources and environmental contamination. 
  • 280
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
In Vitro Growth of Human Follicles
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is gaining importance as a successful method to restore fertility to girls and young women at high risk of sterility. However, there are concerns regarding the safety of transplantation after ovarian tissue cryopreservation due to the high risk of reintroducing cancer cells and causing disease recurrence. In these cases, the development of culture systems that support oocyte development from the primordial follicle stage is required.
  • 190
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
MicroRNAs as Potential Graft Rejection or Tolerance Biomarkers
Allograft rejection is a widespread complication in allograft recipients with chronic kidney disease. Undertreatment of subclinical and clinical rejection and later post-transplant problems are caused by an imperfect understanding of the mechanisms at play and a lack of adequate diagnostic tools. Many different biomarkers have been analyzed and proposed to detect and monitor these crucial events in transplant outcomes. In this sense, microRNAs may help diagnose rejection or tolerance and indicate appropriate treatment, especially in patients with chronic allograft rejection. As key epigenetic regulators of physiological homeostasis, microRNAs have therapeutic potential and may indicate allograft tolerance or rejection. However, more evidence and clinical validation are indispensable before microRNAs are ready for clinical prime time.
  • 84
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Energy-Efficient Driving
The transportation sector remains a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. The understanding of energy-efficient driving behaviors and utilization of energy-efficient driving strategies are essential to reduce vehicles’ fuel consumption. However, there is no comprehensive investigation into energy-efficient driving behaviors and strategies. Furthermore, many state-of-the-art AI models have been applied for the analysis of eco-friendly driving styles, but no overview is available.
  • 147
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Cultural Heritage of Montilla
The printing press was key for the dissemination of culture and knowledge in the Modern Age. It was used to produce books, documents, and etchings, which are key elements for the dissemination of knowledge and the preservation of human heritage.
  • 201
  • 19 Mar 2024
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