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Biography
Zinaida Ershova
Zinaida Vasil'evna Ershova (also Yershova) (Russian: Ершова Зинаида Васильевна) (23 October 1904 — 25 April 1995) was a Russian chemist, physicist and engineer. She spent her entire career working with radioactive elements and headed laboratories producing radioactive materials used mostly in the Soviet atomic bomb project and the Soviet space programme. She was born
  • 446
  • 08 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Zimbro
Zimbro or common juniper (Juniperus communis) is traditionally used to treat renal suppression, acute and chronic cystitis, bladder catarrh, albuminuria, leucorrhea, and amenorrhea. These uses are mainly attributed to its bioactive composition, which is very rich in phenolics, terpenoids, organic acids, alkaloids, and volatile compounds. In the last few years, several studies have analyzed the huge potential of this evergreen shrub, describing a wide range of activities with relevance in different biomedical discipline areas, namely antimicrobial potential against human pathogens and foodborne microorganisms, notorious antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, antidiabetic, antihypercholesterolemic and antihyperlipidemic effects, and neuroprotective action, as well as antiproliferative ability against cancer cells and the ability to activate inductive hepato-, renal- and gastroprotective mechanisms.
  • 1.2K
  • 24 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Zika Virus Properties
ZIKV belongs to the genus of Flavivirus in the Flaviviridae family that comprises multiple deadly human pathogens, including the dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), the yellow fever virus (YFV), and the West Nile virus (WNV). ZIKV infection is known to result in severe manifestations including neurological complications in adults and congenital abnormalities in newborns.
  • 364
  • 08 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Zika Virus Pathogenesis
ZIKV (Zika virus) is a mosquito-borne, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family Flaviviridae (genus Flavivirus). ZIKV is further classified by homology to the Spondweni virus (SPONV) in the Spondweni viral clade or serogroup, both viruses were first characterized in Africa in 1947 and 1952, respectively.
  • 464
  • 23 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Zika Virus Non-Structural Protein 1
Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV), a member of the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family, typically results in mild self-limited illness, but severe neurological disease occurs in a limited subset of patients.
  • 543
  • 15 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Zika Virus in Brief
The Zika virus, a member of the Flaviviridae family, stands as a testament to the ever-evolving landscape of global health concerns in the early 21st century. In its nascent years, this virus inhabited the shadows of medical obscurity, inflicting sporadic, seemingly inconsequential bouts of mild illness primarily within the continents of Africa and Asia. Its existence remained relegated to the annals of medical journals and local health records, with little resonance in the broader global health discourse. However, this viral entity was destined for a meteoric rise to infamy, an emergence that would reverberate throughout the international community. The watershed moment transpired in 2015 when the Zika virus, once a modest player on the infectious disease stage, seized the spotlight by inciting a large-scale epidemic that unfurled across the vast expanse of the Americas. This sudden and dramatic expansion of the virus's reach thrust it into the forefront of global public health concerns, sending shockwaves through scientific, medical, and governmental circles. As we embark on this comprehensive review, it is essential to unravel the multifaceted tapestry of the Zika virus's journey. Beyond its mere identification and characterization, this exploration will delve deep into its enigmatic origins, intricate modes of transmission, the myriad impacts it has wrought upon human health, and the concerted efforts undertaken globally to wrest control from its insidious grip. This virus, once consigned to relative obscurity, has compelled the world's attention, ushering in a new era of infectious disease management and prompting a collective response from the global community. The story of the Zika virus serves as both a cautionary tale and a testament to the resilience and adaptability of pathogens in the face of a changing world.
  • 179
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Zika Virus Epidemiology
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus and was first isolated in a sentinel monkey kept for studying mosquito-borne diseases, and was also later isolated from Aedes africanus mosquitoes, confirming its vector-borne transmission, in the Ziika forest of Uganda.
  • 448
  • 09 Jan 2023
Topic Review
ZIKA Virus and Male Infertility
Zika virus (ZIKV) has been reported by several groups as an important virus causing pathological damage in the male reproductive tract. ZIKV can infect and persist in testicular somatic and germ cells, as well as spermatozoa, leading to cell death and testicular atrophy. ZIKV has also been detected in semen samples from ZIKV-infected patients. This has huge implications for human reproduction. Global scientific efforts are being applied to understand the mechanisms related to arboviruses persistency, pathogenesis, and host cellular response to suggest a potential target to develop robust antiviral therapeutics and vaccines. Here, we discuss the cellular modulation of the immunologic and physiologic properties of the male reproductive tract environment caused by arboviruses infection, focusing on ZIKV. We also present an overview of the current vaccine effects and therapeutic targets against ZIKV infection that may impact the testis and male fertility.
  • 841
  • 01 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Zika Virus and Infantile Microcephaly
Zika virus is a newly emerging disease with little previous information related to its clinical, epidemiological and socioeconomic effects. The complexityof prevention, treatment and care to infected women and neonates, makes Zika one of the major public health problems. We provide an overview of Zika virus infection and the risk of microcephaly in the context of perinatal public health.
  • 821
  • 06 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Zika Virus
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emergent arthropod-borne virus whose outbreak in Brazil has brought major public health problems. Infected individuals have different symptoms, including rash and pruritus, which can be relieved by the administration of antiallergics. In the case of pregnant women, ZIKV can cross the placenta and infect the fetus leading to congenital defects. We have identified that mast cells in the placentae of patients who had Zika during pregnancy can be infected. This led to our investigation on the possible role of mast cells during a ZIKV infection, using the HMC-1 cell line. We analyzed their permissiveness to infection, release of mediators and ultrastructural changes. Flow cytometry detection of ZIKV-NS1 expression 24h post infection in 45.3% of cells showed that HMC-1 cells are permissive to ZIKV infection. Following infection, β-hexosaminidase was measured in the supernatant of the cells with a notable release at 30 min. In addition, an increase in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and VEGF levels were measured at 6h and 24h post infection. Lastly, different intracellular changes were observed in an ultrastructural analysis of infected cells. Our findings suggest that mast cells may represent an important source of mediators that can activate other immune cell types during a ZIKV infection, which has the potential to being a major contributor in the spread of the virus in cases of vertical transmission.
  • 1.0K
  • 30 Oct 2020
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