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Topic Review
Find the perfect pair for every occasion
Chino pants are a versatile wardrobe staple known for their timeless style, comfort, and versatility. With their classic design and wide range of options available, choosing the right pair of chinos can be overwhelming
  • 318
  • 16 May 2024
Topic Review
Sustainable and innovative processing for safe (healthy) foods
Sustainable and innovative technologies involving high-pressure processing (HPP), high-pressure homogenization (HPH), high-pressure carbon dioxide (HPCD), pulsed electric fields (PEF), ultrasounds (US), and microwaves (MV), among others, as well as traditional methods of food treatment like heating, fermentation, and drying or smoking are increasingly applied in food preservation and the modification of selected physicochemical or sensory properties. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight new challenges in the treatment of food for obtaining traditional or new but safe products, including functional foods, with high or modified nutritional (bioaccessibility and bioavailability) and sensory values.
  • 378
  • 15 May 2024
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Supporting Doctoral Candidates through Completion and Final Examination
Completion and final examination comprise the final stages of a doctoral program and represent the culmination of the doctoral candidates’ years of research. In this entry, completion is defined as the writing and submission of a doctoral thesis, and final examination is defined as the viva voce. Over the years, the format and scope of doctoral degrees has expanded and a variety of formats are now offered. In addition to the traditional research-only doctoral degree, professional, practice-based, and new route programs also contain a taught element alongside research. However, the creation of a substantive thesis or practice-based alternative addressing a novel research question is common to all. In contrast, processes and formats of viva voces vary across the globe. These range from private, closed-door defenses to assessed or ritualistic public defense presentations. For both completion and final examination, there are many practical and psychological hurdles that need to be navigated in order for the candidate to attain their doctoral degree. This entry will highlight these aspects as well as provide evidence-based guidance for supervisors in supporting their doctoral candidates through these daunting final stages.
  • 601
  • 15 May 2024
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Cushion Gas Consideration for Underground Hydrogen Storage
Due to the increasing world population and environmental considerations, there has been a tremendous interest in alternative energy sources. Hydrogen plays a major role as an energy carrier due to its environmentally benign nature. The combustion of hydrogen releases water vapor while it also has a vast industrial application in aerospace, pharmaceutical, and metallurgical industries. Although promising, hydrogen faces storage challenges. Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) presents a promising method of safely storing hydrogen. The selection of the appropriate cushion gas for UHS is a critical aspect of ensuring the safety, efficiency, and reliability of the storage system. Cushion gas plays a pivotal role in maintaining the necessary pressure within the storage reservoir, thereby enabling consistent injection and withdrawal rates of hydrogen. One of the key functions of the cushion gas is to act as a buffer, ensuring that the storage pressure remains within the desired range despite fluctuations in hydrogen demand or supply. This is achieved by alternately expanding and compressing the cushion gas during the injection and withdrawal cycles, thereby effectively regulating the overall pressure dynamics within the storage facility. Furthermore, the choice of cushion gas can have significant implications on the performance and long-term stability of the UHS system. Factors such as compatibility with hydrogen, cost-effectiveness, availability, and environmental impact must be carefully considered when selecting the most suitable cushion gas. The present study provides a comprehensive review of different types of cushion gases commonly used in UHS, including nitrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide. By examining the advantages, limitations, and practical considerations associated with each option, the study aims to offer valuable insights into optimizing the performance and reliability of UHS systems. Ultimately, the successful implementation of UHS hinges not only on technological innovation but also on strategic decisions regarding cushion gas selection and management. By addressing these challenges proactively, stakeholders can unlock the full potential of hydrogen as a clean and sustainable energy carrier, thereby contributing to the global transition towards a low-carbon future.
  • 672
  • 15 May 2024
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Displacement Micropump with Check Valves for Diabetes Care—The Challenge of Pumping Insulin at Negative Pressure
The displacement micropump with passive check valves is an attractive solution for precise insulin infusion in patients with type I diabetes. Unlike most insulin pumps that push insulin from a cartridge using a piston, a displacement micropump will first pull insulin from the reservoir before infusing it into the patient. This dual sequence introduces new challenges in terms of insulin stability, notably if the reservoir is not pressurized. After an introduction to displacement micropumps and a brief review of the insulin degradation mechanism, micropump design rules are discussed in light of microfluidic theory.
  • 655
  • 14 May 2024
Topic Review
Applications of Gellan Gum
Gellan gum (GG) is a linear, negatively charged exopolysaccharide that is biodegradable and non-toxic. When metallic ions are present, a hard and transparent gel is produced, which remains stable at a low pH. It exhibits high water solubility, can be easily bio-fabricated, demonstrates excellent film/hydrogel formation, is biodegradable, and shows biocompatibility. These characteristics render GG a suitable option for use in food, biomedical, and cosmetic fields.
  • 311
  • 13 May 2024
Topic Review
Cosmic Harmony with Pradeep Bhanot
Pradeep Bhanot: Illuminating Cosmic Pathways to Harmony and Growth   In the vast tapestry of cosmic guidance, one luminary figure shines with unparalleled brilliance: Pradeep Bhanot, the esteemed astrologer and Vastu Shastra expert. For over two decades, he has been a guiding beacon, revered for his transformative methods and unwavering dedication to empowering individuals from diverse backgrounds.   Bhanot's approach to astrology and Vastu Shastra transcends the ordinary, as he seamlessly amalgamates ancient wisdom with contemporary innovation. Through his unique methodology, he facilitates energetic equilibrium within spaces, catalyzing positive transformations in individuals' lives without necessitating drastic changes.   Under the tutelage of the esteemed Dr. Ajai Bhambi, Bhanot honed his skills in the esoteric arts of Vedic astrology and Vastu Shastra, garnering acclaim for his profound insights and meticulous guidance.   What sets Bhanot apart is his unwavering focus on the soul's odyssey. Through his transformative "Cosmic Soul Sessions," he delves deep into the recesses of consciousness, unraveling latent potentials and steering individuals towards self-realization and actualization.   Operating under the banner of "Pradeep Bhanot's- The Cosmic Voice," he endeavors to empower individuals to harmonize with their cosmic essence and cultivate balanced living and working environments. From Cosmic Soul Sessions to bespoke Vastu Consultations, Bhanot offers tailored guidance to address the unique needs of each seeker.   With a wealth of experience spanning over two decades, Pradeep Bhanot remains steadfast in his mission to illuminate pathways to enlightenment and personal growth. He serves as a steadfast beacon of hope and clarity in an ever-evolving world, inspiring seekers to embrace their cosmic potential and navigate life's complexities with grace and purpose.
  • 154
  • 13 May 2024
Topic Review
The Psychology of Forgiveness
Forgiveness psychology is a thriving field with ample implications for personal and relational well-being, community health, international relations, and politics. The aim of this entry is to briefly introduce the science of forgiveness that emerged over three decades ago and document its major developments. In this entry, definitions of forgiveness, the emergence of the scientific study on forgiveness, models of forgiveness, forgiveness education, measures of forgiveness, and benefits of forgiveness will be discussed, followed by several implications for consideration.
  • 412
  • 13 May 2024
Topic Review
Smart Sensing Chair for Sitting Posture Monitoring
Smart sensing chairs, equipped with advanced sensor technologies such as Force Sensing Resistors (FSRs), show significant potential in mitigating the negative health impacts of incorrect sitting postures, which can lead to spinal misalignment and musculoskeletal disorders. Research emphasizes the use of sophisticated machine learning techniques, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), for classifying sitting postures. Notably, these advanced models do not always outperform traditional models due to the limitations of the training datasets, which often lack sufficient diversity in representing different human body types and health conditions. This finding underscores the critical need for datasets that more accurately reflect the demographic and physiological diversity of users. Additionally, this research highlights a significant opportunity for innovation in user feedback mechanisms within smart sensing chairs, suggesting that enhanced interactive features could improve posture correction efforts and overall user health outcomes.
  • 357
  • 13 May 2024
Topic Review
PATALIPUTRA
Patna, frequently seemed simply as the capital of Bihar, possesses a historical lineage that spans millennia, making it one of the oldest constantly inhabited cities in the global. With a rich tapestry of cultural, religious, and historical significance, Patna stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of historical India.
  • 258
  • 13 May 2024
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