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Topic Review
Smart Farm and Forest Operations Needs Human-Centered AI
The main impetus for the global efforts toward the current digital transformation in almost all areas of our daily lives is due to the great successes of artificial intelligence (AI), and in particular, the workhorse of AI, statistical machine learning (ML). The intelligent analysis, modeling, and management of agricultural and forest ecosystems, and of the use and protection of soils, already play important roles in securing our planet for future generations and will become irreplaceable in the future. AI in areas that matter to human life (agriculture, forestry, climate, health, etc.) has led to an increased need for trustworthy AI with two main components: explainability and robustness.
  • 503
  • 12 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Smart Distribution Network Situation Awareness
Due to the rapid development of emerging information and communication technologies (ICT) and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), distribution networks are in an evolvement from passive to active distribution networks (ADN), also called smart distribution networks (SDN). Operation and maintenance (O&M) cost is an economic factor that the SDN management must consider. Among multiple O&M technologies, situation awareness (SA) emerges and is gradually integrated into the SDN. Facing a high proportion of RES, adequate monitoring, analysis, and prediction of the SDN operating status are urgent. Therefore, comprehensive SA, which contains detection, comprehension, and projection, becomes a significant guarantee for the optimal operation of SDN.
  • 715
  • 24 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Smart Device Sensors in Vehicle Recognition
An accelerometer sensor (AS) and a gyroscope sensor (GS) are commonly used in mobile phones. These sensors are especially functional for measuring three-dimensional object orientation or stationing, as well as changes in the ambient environment, as they have the ability to supply raw data with great clarity and accuracy. Automatic wireless monitoring of motor vehicles saves many lives by preventing collisions, notifying drivers as well as ambulatory and emergency services when accidents take place. With GPS, apps for testing cars, ships, and trains have been built to help avoid or monitor problems.
  • 991
  • 27 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Smart Clothing
Smart clothing can be defined as the intelligent system that senses and reacts to the changes and stimuli of the environment and the wearer’s conditions, such as electrical, thermal and magnetic ones. Smart clothing has various functions (e.g., protection, temperature regulation, monitoring, entertainment, expression of personality, etc.) and embodies many features (e.g., efficient, intelligent, computable, etc.), combining cutting-edge technologies in related fields such as electronic information, sensors and materials. Smart clothing has emerged to meet consumers’ personalized needs in healthcare, work, entertainment, etc., and has rapidly become a hotspot in the clothing industry and research field. However, as smart clothing gets popular, sustainability issues are becoming increasingly prominent during its development and circulation. 
  • 10.2K
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Smart City Infrastructure Threat Modelling Methodologies
Smart city infrastructure and the related theme of critical national infrastructure have attracted growing interest in recent years in academic literature, notably how cyber-security can be effectively applied within the environment, which involves using cyber-physical systems. These operate cross-domain and have massively improved functionality and complexity, especially in threat modelling cyber-security analysis—the disparity between current cyber-security proficiency and the requirements for an effective cyber-security systems implementation.
  • 333
  • 14 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Smart City Applications
Smart city applications are designed to take advantage of the smart city ICT and collected data to provide value-added smart features. These applications use data analytics, intelligent techniques and other advanced technologies to make smart decisions that improve the smart city's operations and quality of life.
  • 3.1K
  • 17 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Smart Cities: Opportunities and Risks
Smart Cities are emerging as a promising solution to the challenges of urbanization, population growth, and environmental sustainability. By utilizing advanced technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), Smart Cities can improve the efficiency of urban services, enhance citizen engagement, and promote environmental sustainability. However, Smart Cities also face significant risks, including data privacy and security concerns, unequal access to technology, potential for social exclusion, pollution, and accidents caused by modern technologies. The opportunities and risks of Smart Cities, as well as open challenges, future directions, recommendations for governments, and ways to address pollution in Smart Cities were discussed here.
  • 367
  • 17 May 2023
Topic Review
Smart Cities and Financial Sustainability
Smart city initiatives have become recurrent strategies used by local governments to provide better services, improve their managerial effectiveness, and increase citizen participation in cities’ decision-making processes. Great potential exists to use data, information, and communication technologies (ICT) more extensively to improve city operations. However, depending on the size and financial situation of the cities, some smart city initiatives could be considered investments that are too expensive and not easy to maintain in the long term. If city governments want to achieve most of the benefits arising from the intense use of technology and data, building financially sustainable smart cities should be seen as a priority.
  • 878
  • 28 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Smart Chatbot for User Authentication
Despite being the most widely used authentication mechanism, password-based authentication is not very secure, being easily guessed or brute-forced. To address this, many systems which especially value security adopt Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), in which multiple different authentication mechanisms are used concurrently. JitHDA (Just-in-time human dynamics based authentication engine) is a new authentication mechanism which can add another option to MFA capabilities. JitHDA observes human behaviour and human dynamics to gather up to date information on the user from which authentication questions can be dynamically generated. 
  • 446
  • 23 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Smart Building Technologies
mart building technology incorporates efficient and automated controls and applications that use smart energy products, networked sensors, and data analytics software to monitor environmental data and occupants’ energy consumption habits to improve buildings’ operation and energy performance. Smart technologies and controls are becoming increasingly important not only in research and development (R&D) but also in industrial and commercial domains, leading to a steady growth in their application in the building sector.
  • 577
  • 13 May 2022
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