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Topic Review
Mathematical Lower Bounds for City Logistics Distribution Network
By considering the intra-echelon connection of facilities within the same layer of echelon, researchers propose a new distribution network design model by reformulating the classical quadratic assignment problem (QAP). To minimize the overall transportation costs, the proposed model jointly optimizes two types of decisions to enable agile distribution with dynamic “shortcuts”
  • 306
  • 22 May 2023
Topic Review
Ontology-Based Architecture Process of System-of-Systems
System-of-systems (SoS) architecture is crucial in managing complex and interconnected systems. An SoS architecture encompasses not solely its constituent systems (CSs) but also the interconnections and communication processes among them via their interfaces.
  • 660
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Active File Mode Transition Mechanism in File Synchronization
A cloud file synchronization service keeps the contents of files on a local device and in remote cloud storage the same. With a file synchronization service, users can always keep their files on multiple devices up to date through cloud storage, and they can also use a backup function. As file synchronization services become more common, the capacity of local storage and remote cloud storage increases, and the capacity of the two storages become different.
  • 303
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Conservation and Restoration OpenLab
Open laboratories (OpenLabs) in Cultural Heritage institutions are an effective way to provide visibility into the behind-the-scenes processes and promote documentation data collected and produced by domain specialists. Cultural Heritage (CH) institutions have been adopting new practices to improve their services and meet the preferences and needs of potential audiences. One such practice is the transformation of conservation and restoration (CnR) laboratories into OpenLabs, which allow visitors to see the various processes that take place “behind the scenes” .
  • 387
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Abstract Entity Patterns for Sensors and Actuators
Sensors and actuators are fundamental units in Cyber–Physical and Internet of Things systems. Because they are included in a variety of systems, using many technologies, it is very useful to characterize their functions abstractly by describing them as Abstract Entity Patterns (AEPs), which are patterns that describe abstract conceptual entities.
  • 389
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Human Action Recognition Methods for Single-Modality Action Recognition
Human action recognition is widely used in computer vision research, such as intelligent video surveillance, intelligent human–computer interaction, robot control, video retrieval, pose estimation, and many other fields. Since the environments faced by human action recognition are diverse and complex, capturing effective features for action recognition is still a challenging problem.
  • 315
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning (DL), have facilitated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data analysis, enabling AI-assisted medical image diagnoses and prognoses. However, most of the DL models are considered as “black boxes”. There is an unmet need to demystify DL models so domain experts can trust these high-performance DL models. This has resulted in a sub-domain of AI research called explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). 
  • 319
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
An Improved Modulation Recognition Algorithm
Modulation recognition is an important technology in wireless communication systems. Deep learning-based modulation recognition algorithms, which can autonomously learn deep features and achieve superior recognition performance compared with traditional algorithms.
  • 302
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
IoT Sensor Systems Used for Monitoring Road Infrastructure
An intelligent transportation system is one of the fundamental goals of the smart city concept. The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is a basic instrument to digitalize and automatize the process in the intelligent transportation system. Digitalization via the IoT concept enables the automatic collection of data usable for management in the transportation system. The IoT concept includes a system of sensors, actuators, control units and computational distribution among the edge, fog and cloud layers. 
  • 345
  • 18 May 2023
Topic Review
Fruit Sizing with Machine Vision
Forward estimates of harvest load require information on fruit size as well as number. The task of sizing fruit and vegetables has been automated in the packhouse, progressing from mechanical methods to machine vision. This shift is occurring for size assessment of fruit on trees, i.e., in the orchard.
  • 461
  • 18 May 2023
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