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Topic Review
Expression-Guided Deep Joint Learning for Facial Expression Recognition
As one of the most fundamental tasks in face analysis, facial expression recognition (FER) plays an important role in understanding emotional states and intentions. FER also provides support in a variety of important societal applications, including intelligent security, fatigue surveillance, medical treatment, and consumer acceptance prediction. 
  • 212
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Hybrid LSTM Model and Air Pollution Prediction
Air pollution is a critical environmental concern that poses significant health risks and affects multiple aspects of human life. ML algorithms provide promising results for air pollution prediction. In the existing scientific literature, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) predictive models, as well as their combination with other statistical and machine learning approaches, have been utilized for air pollution prediction. However, these combined algorithms may not always provide suitable results due to the stochastic nature of the factors that influence air pollution, improper hyperparameter configurations, or inadequate datasets and data characterized by great variability and extreme dispersion. To identify optimal hyperparameters for the LSTM model, a hybridization with the Genetic Algorithm is proposed. To mitigate the risk of overfitting, the bagging technique is employed on the best LSTM model. The proposed predicitive model aims to determine the Common Air Quality Index level for the next hour in Niksic, Montenegro. With the hybridization of the LSTM algorithm and by applying the bagging technique, the approach aims to significantly enhance the accuracy and reliability of hourly air pollution prediction. The major contribution is in the application of advanced machine learning analysis and the combination of the LSTM, Genetic Algorithm, and bagging techniques, which have not been previously employed in the analysis of air pollution in Montenegro. The proposed model will be made available to interested management structures, local governments, national entities, or other relevant institutions, empowering them to make effective pollution level predictions and take appropriate measures.
  • 213
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Visual Question Answering
Visual question answering (VQA) is a task that generates or predicts an answer to a question in human language about visual images. VQA is an active field combining two AI branches: Natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision. VQA usually has four components: vision featurization, text featurization, fusion model, and classifier. Vision featurization is a part of the multi-model responsible for extracting the vision features. Text featurization is another part of the VQA multi-model responsible for extracting text features. The combination of both features and their processes is the fusion component. The last component is the classifier that classifies the queries about the images and generates the answer.
  • 967
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Text Line Segmentation from Malayalam Documents
After the pandemic situation created by the novel coronavirus, it has become a necessity to encode the local language, conventionally written in pen and paper, in an electronic format. Optical character recognition (OCR) systems convert handwritten documents to a computer-editable digital form. Optical character recognition (OCR) converts pdf files, scanned documents, images containing text and printed and handwritten documents into editable electronic documents. OCR can be implemented for printed character recognition and handwritten character recognition. The latter is further categorized into online and offline recognition systems. Optical Character Recognition system for Malayalam handwritten documents has become an open research area. A major hindrance for this research is the unavailability of a benchmark database. Therefore, a new database of 402 Malayalam handwritten document images and ground truth images of 7535 text lines is developed for the implementation of the proposed technique. This paper proposes a technique for extracting text lines from handwritten documents in Malayalam language, specifically based on the handwriting of the writer. Text lines are extracted based on horizontal and vertical projection values, size of the handwritten characters, height of the text lines and the curved nature of Malayalam alphabets.
  • 321
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Thermal Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
Thermal Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a rather new research topic, with most results being published in the last decade. Research is mainly focusing on thermal odometry rather than thermal SLAM, with several research groups that succeeded in utilizing thermal cameras to compute the odometry of a vehicle. For thermal 3D-mapping, i.e., the visualization of thermal data in 3D, the most common method is to superimpose the thermal images onto a pointcloud obtained from data generated from another depth source.
  • 162
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Care of the Elderly and Robots in Healthcare
The use of robots in elderly care represents a dynamic field of study aimed at meeting the growing demand for home-based health care services. The application of robots in elderly home care is examined and contributes to the literature by introducing a comprehensive and functional architecture within the realm of the Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT). This architecture amalgamates robots, sensors, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to monitor the health status of the elderly. 
  • 234
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Warning Systems in Cloud Computing Early Warning Systems
An early warning system (EWS) is an integrated system that facilitates preparedness and response mechanisms through the dissemination of early warning to reduce the impact of a natural disaster. An early warning system is an indispensable tool that helps save lives and reduce the impact of disasters on any infrastructure, such as roads, buildings, farmlands, etc. It has been estimated that USD 800 million is spent annually to develop and operationalize EWSs in developing countries that lack the requisite resources to mitigate the impact of any natural disaster.
  • 236
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
BGP Dataset-Based Malicious User Activity Detection
Recent advances in the Internet and digital technology have brought a wide variety of activities into cyberspace, but they have also brought a surge in cyberattacks, making it more important than ever to detect and prevent cyberattacks.
  • 204
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Multi-Access Edge Computing
Multi-access edge computing (MEC), based on hierarchical cloud computing, offers abundant resources to support the next-generation Internet of Things network.
  • 233
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Quantum Computer Hardware
Quantum computers are not only faster than conventional classical computers, but they also have a different framework for solving problems due to the laws of quantum mechanics such as superposition and entanglement.
  • 136
  • 22 Sep 2023
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