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Topic Review
Blockchain Privacy and Scalability
Lower renewable energy generator prices are leading people to install solar panels to reduce their electricity bills or, in some cases, even sell the surplus generated energy to the grid and earn credits from the grid operator. Generally, they are limited to trading the energy they generate with the grid company, which has a dominant role in price determination. Decentralized energy markets might increase both market competitiveness and incentive to further people’s adoption of renewable energy, reducing security vulnerabilities and improving resiliency. Blockchain is a widely studied technology to provide decentralization for energy markets. Scalability, privacy, market design, and user security are some of the open research topics.
  • 435
  • 27 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Smart Cities: Opportunities and Risks
Smart Cities are emerging as a promising solution to the challenges of urbanization, population growth, and environmental sustainability. By utilizing advanced technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), Smart Cities can improve the efficiency of urban services, enhance citizen engagement, and promote environmental sustainability. However, Smart Cities also face significant risks, including data privacy and security concerns, unequal access to technology, potential for social exclusion, pollution, and accidents caused by modern technologies. The opportunities and risks of Smart Cities, as well as open challenges, future directions, recommendations for governments, and ways to address pollution in Smart Cities were discussed here.
  • 435
  • 17 May 2023
Topic Review
Fruit and Vegetable Harvesting Robots
Intelligent agriculture imposes higher requirements on the recognition and localization of fruit and vegetable picking robots. Due to its unique visual information and relatively low hardware cost, machine vision is widely applied in the recognition and localization of fruit and vegetable picking robots.  Visual sensors are used to acquire image information and the three-dimensional positioning of targets. Machine vision algorithms are used for target recognition. Common algorithms include image segmentation, object detection, and three-dimensional reconstruction. Image segmentation algorithms can segment target objects in complex scenes, object detection algorithms can timely detect target objects and other interferences in images, while three-dimensional reconstruction algorithms can convert the two-dimensional image information obtained by the camera into three-dimensional spatial information of the target.
  • 435
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Stoned (Computer Virus)
Stoned is a boot sector computer virus created in 1987. It is one of the first viruses and is thought to have been written by a student in Wellington, New Zealand. By 1989 it had spread widely in New Zealand and Australia, and variants became very common worldwide in the early 1990s. A computer infected with the original version had a one in eight probability that the screen would declare: "Your PC is now Stoned!", a phrase found in infected boot sectors of infected floppy disks and master boot records of infected hard disks, along with the phrase "Legalise Marijuana". Later variants produced a range of other messages.
  • 434
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Contextual Information Enhancement Network for Crack Segmentation Methods
Convolutional neural-network-based crack segmentation methods have performed excellently. However, existing crack segmentation methods still suffer from background noise interference, such as dirt patches and pitting, as well as the imprecise segmentation of fine-grained spatial structures. 
  • 434
  • 24 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Handicap (Go)
Within most systems and at most levels in the game of Go, a handicap is given to offset the strength difference between players of different ranks.
  • 434
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Types of Dimension Reduction Techniques
Hybridization is the most widely used modification technique for the dimension reduction problem. There are three types of hybridization: integrating a nature-inspired algorithm with another nature-inspired algorithm, integrating a nature-inspired algorithm with a classifier, and integrating a nature-inspired algorithm with filter or extraction techniques.
  • 434
  • 17 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Smart Parking System Based on Edge-Cloud-Dew Computing Architecture
In a smart parking system, the license plate recognition service controls the car’s entry and exit and plays the core role in the parking lot system. When the Internet is interrupted, the parking lot’s business will also be interrupted. Hence, an Edge-Cloud-Dew architecture for the mobile industry was proposed in order to tackle this critical problem. The architecture has an innovative design, including LAN-level deployment, Platform-as-a-Dew Service (PaaDS), the dew version of license plate recognition, and the dew type of machine learning model training. Based on these designs, the architecture presents many benefits, such as: (1) reduced maintenance and deployment issues and increased dew service reliability and sustainability; (2) effective release of the network constraint on cloud computing and increase in the horizontal and vertical scalability of the system; (3) enhancement of dew computing to resolve the heavy computing process problem; and (4) proposal of a dew type of machine learning training mechanism without requiring periodic retraining, but with acceptable accuracy. 
  • 434
  • 03 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Selecting Suitable Battery Technologies for Untethered Robots
Energy storage is one of the major barriers to achieve long-duration autonomy in robots. This entry evaluates the capabilities of relevant battery technologies, taking into consideration the requirements of different applications in robotics. We also discuss additional technologies that can be used to overcome the inherent limitations of the most common battery chemistries.
  • 434
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Autonomous Vehicles and Distributed Resources on Logistic Systems
The autonomous vehicle (AV) is one of the emerging technologies of the new age that has the potential to restructure transportation infrastructure. AVs are able to sense their surroundings and move around with control and self-sufficiency. AVs can contribute towards reducing traffic congestion on the roads, improving the quality of life, and achieving the highest levels of traffic safety. Thus, this type of vehicle can be integrated into the logistics industry. Due to the presence of several AVs, selecting a standard and efficient AV for logistics planning is a great challenge. The selection of an AV depends on many conflicting and essential criteria. 
  • 434
  • 31 Aug 2023
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