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Topic Review
Conceptual Modelling in Operational Simulation of Logistics
Logistics problems involve a large number of complexities, which makes the development of models challenging. While computer simulation models are developed for addressing complexities, it is essential to ensure that the necessary operational behaviours are captured, and that the architecture of the model is suitable to represent them. The early stage of simulation modelling, known as conceptual modelling (CM), is thus dependent on successfully extracting tacit operational knowledge and avoiding misunderstanding between the client (customer of the model) and simulation analyst.
  • 593
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Waste Natural Polymers
 Waste natural polymers have received much attention as renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic and low-cost filler in polymer composites. In order to exploit the high potential for residual natural loading in latex composites, different types of surface modification techniques have been applied. This review discusses the preparation and characterization of the modified waste natural fillers for latex-based composites. The potency of the waste natural filler for the latex-based composites was explored with a focus on the mechanical, thermal, biodegradability and filler–latex interaction.
  • 588
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Ergonomics Evaluation Using Motion Capture Technology
Due to the increasingly high proportion of manual activities in production processes, there is a constant risk of musculoskeletal disorders or work-related injuries. The risk of these problems is exacerbated by the trend towards an ageing working population. European legislation is pressing for improved working conditions to eliminate the risks associated with health problems for workers. For this reason, the application of ergonomics in this field is growing. Musculoskeletal disorders, which are most often caused by inappropriate working postures, are a major problem. There are many methods for evaluating working postures. 
  • 586
  • 06 Jan 2023
Topic Review
The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Magnetic Hyperthermia
Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is more commonly used in various biomedical applications. Magnetic hyperthermia (MH), a clinical alternative to tumor treatments, also became a powerful tool for cancer treatment by exposing tumor tissue to elevated temperatures to achieve a therapeutic effect. It has been successfully applied to the treatment of different types of cancer including the brain, spine, lung, prostate, breast, and pancreas. It is also a promising alternative to traditional cancer therapies, particularly in the case of aggressive brain cancer like glioblastoma. MHT’s huge advantages are connected with biosafety, deep tissue penetration, and a focused place of action. The development of nanomedicine involves complex nanomaterial research involving magnetic nanomaterials and their use in magnetic hyperthermia. The selection of the optimal treatment strategies is time-consuming, expensive, unpredictable, and not consistently effective. Delivering personalized therapy that obtains maximal efficiency and minimal side effects is highly important. Thus, Artificial Intelligence (AI) based algorithms provide the opportunity to overcome these crucial issues.
  • 581
  • 15 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Multi-Granularity Process Analytics
Data can be aggregated to lower resolution representations according to a certain rational or optimality criterion in a certain pre-defined sense. In this situation, partial information from all observations is retained and at the same time the amount of data analysed is greatly reduced. The level of resolution or granularity adopted may be different for each variable under analysis. Methods for dealing with these data structures are called multiresolution or multi-granularity, and are newcomers to the Process Analytical toolkit.
  • 569
  • 22 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Opening Paths for Sustainable Businesses
This entry aims to identify and analyse the Scientific Technical Scenary on Corporate Sustainability (STS-CS) and propose a three-way Helix-based structure for its development and guidance on future scientific and technological investments. The study was developed using a combined method of bibliometric analysis and analysis of the content of scientific articles and technical publications (patents, white papers, publications of public bodies, etc.). The scientific articles were researched in the Scopus database and technical publications on the Orbit Intelligence, ProQuest and UN Global Compact platforms. The STS-CS was analysed in the light of scientific and technical literature and the experience of the authors of the study.
  • 568
  • 10 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Analysis of Tehran’s Air Pollution
Air pollution is one of the major issues in urban management. Researchers proposes a simulated model of the pollution level of the capital city of Tehran along with its source and outcomes based on system dynamics. 
  • 568
  • 28 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Eye Chart
An eye chart, or optotype, is a chart used to measure visual acuity. Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists, physicians or nurses, to screen persons for vision impairment. Ophthalmologists, physicians who specialize in the eye, also use eye charts to monitor the visual acuity of their patients in response to various therapies such as medications or surgery. The chart is placed at a standardized distance away from the person whose vision is being tested. The person then attempts to identify the symbols on the chart, starting with the larger symbols and continuing with progressively smaller symbols until the person cannot identify the symbols. The smallest symbols that can be reliably identified is considered the person's visual acuity. The Snellen chart is the most widely used. Alternative types of eye charts include the logMAR chart, Landolt C, E chart, Lea test, Golovin–Sivtsev table, the Rosenbaum chart, and the Jaeger chart. As previously mentioned, eye charts measure visual acuity. Eye charts do not provide doctors with information on eye diseases such as glaucoma, problems with the retina, or loss of peripheral vision.
  • 563
  • 18 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Fused Deposition Modeling of 3D Printed Part 
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the most economical additive manufacturing (AM) technology available for fabricating complex part geometries. Dimensional instabilities are challenges of FDM that depends on printing parameters. The selected printing parameters include layer height, number of perimeters, infill density, infill angle, print speed, nozzle temperature, bed temperature, and print orientation. Three-level definitive screening design (DSD) was used to plan experimental runs. 
  • 559
  • 26 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Mining Equipment Management
Mining sector is an economic foundation and the main source of national wealth for many countries. Modern mining operations are ever more reliant on efficient usage of costly large-scale mining equipment (e.g., trucks, shovels/excavators/loaders, conveyors and crushers). Thus, mining equipment management is becoming crucial for the mining industry. To be viable and sustainable, mining enterprises need to operate different types of mining equipment units at various stages with the objective of minimizing the total cost or maximizing the whole productivity.
  • 553
  • 23 Dec 2022
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