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Topic Review
Fee Variability among Built Environment Professionals in SA
The capacity of professional services in the built environment to produce revenue and employment has contributed to the significant impact of the built environment on socio-economic development. Because of the market’s competitiveness, it is common practice in the South African construction industry for professionals to provide heavily discounted professional fees on building projects.
  • 133
  • 11 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Technical and Economic Viability of Underground Hydrogen Storage
The concept of underground hydrogen storage (UHS) is less known than its natural gas counterpart, which is expected due to its less significant role in the past. Despite this, the insights gained with natural gas can be applied to hydrogen storage due to the shared cavern design and operation.
  • 399
  • 11 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Direct Borohydride–Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cell
Direct liquid fuel cells (DLFCs) operate directly on liquid fuel instead of hydrogen, as in typical proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). DLFCs have the advantages of higher energy densities and fewer issues with the transportation and storage of their fuels compared with compressed hydrogen and are adapted to mobile applications. Among DLFCs, the direct borohydride–hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DBPFC) is one of the most promising DLFC technologies. DBPFCs are fed sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as the fuel and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the oxidant. 
  • 404
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Crumb Rubber
The crumb rubber (CR) recycled from waste tyres could be a viable alternative in achieving green pavements that offer exciting new markets to global investors. Adding CR into flexible pavements enhances their performance and ensures environmental sustainability.
  • 521
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Wireless Communication Technologies for Localization
The rapid development of information communication and artificial intelligence (AI) technology is driving innovation in various new application fields such as autonomous driving, augmented reality, and the metaverse. In particular, the advancement of wireless localization technology plays a great role in these cutting-edge technologies. However, traditional wireless localization systems rely on the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), which is ineffective in indoor or underground environments. To overcome this issue, indoor positioning systems (IPS) have gained attention, and various localization techniques utilizing wireless communication were studied. Subsequently, AI technologies are improving the performance of wireless localization and addressing problems that were previously difficult to solve. 
  • 279
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Principles of Modularity in Timber Buildings
When facing the increasing demands of the housing market and balancing the requirements of sustainable development in the construction sector, building design methods should practise material conservation and adopt carbon reduction measures to alleviate the current environmental burden through the implementation of a circular economy approach. Volumetric modular timber design is recognised as a practical application to test the feasibility of a waste-reduced approach. 
  • 265
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), which are integral to the infrastructure of intelligent transport systems, facilitate the critical exchange of information between vehicular nodes.
  • 283
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Carbon Fiber 3D Printing: a Brief Review
Additive manufacturing is evolving in the direction of carbon fiber 3D printing, a technology that combines the versatility of three-dimensional printing with the exceptional properties of carbon fiber.
  • 197
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Aesthetic Image Generation Based on Generative Adversarial Networks
Global photographic aesthetic image generation aims to ensure that images generated by generative adversarial networks (GANs) contain semantic information and have global aesthetic feelings. Existing image aesthetic generation algorithms are still in the exploratory stage, and images screened or generated by a computer have not yet achieved relatively ideal aesthetic quality.
  • 110
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Edge Computing for Traffic Characterization
Traffic flow analysis is essential to develop smart urban mobility solutions. Although numerous tools have been proposed, they employ only a small number of parameters. To overcome this limitation, an edge computing solution is proposed based on nine traffic parameters, namely, vehicle count, direction, speed, and type, flow, peak hour factor, density, time headway, and distance headway.
  • 111
  • 08 Dec 2023
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