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Topic Review
Sustainability in Natural-Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
Fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRCs) from renewable and biodegradable fiber and sustainable polymer resins have gained substantial attention for their potential to mitigate environmental impacts. The limitations of these composites become evident when considered in the context of high-performance engineering applications, where synthetic fiber composites like glass or carbon FRCs typically dominate. A balance between the performance of the composite and biodegradability is imperative in the pursuit of what may be termed an environmentally conscious composite. 
  • 247
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
3D Laser Scanner in a Structural Framework
As interest in smart construction technology increases, various smart construction technologies are being used for sustainable construction management. Among these technologies, 3D laser scanning technology receives data such as the speed, time, direction, and distance of light or laser beams reflected from the target object, allowing the representation of the object’s shape in a 3D-coordinate-based point cloud. Currently, a variety of equipment is used in 3D laser scanning, with the time-of-flight (TOF) method and phase-shift method commonly employed for laser scanning to detect the wavelength. This technology stands out for phenomena analysis and monitoring, with various applications being studied for construction engineering and management in construction industry.
  • 149
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Digital Twin Approach in Buildings
In 2011, the term Digital Twin was originally introduced by Michael Grieves to define the synchronization between two realities: physical objects placed in a real space and virtual objects within in virtual space, linked through the mutual exchange of data throughout the entire lifecycle, both in real-time and asynchronously. Digital Twin is among the principal and emerging technological innovations of both Industry 4.0 and the emerging Industry 5.0, enabling an interaction between physical and virtual objects, Big Data, Internet of Things, and Artificial Intelligence. The construction sector, too, is now exploring the potentialities offered by the Digital Twin approach in enhancing innovative, responsible, and sustainable governance of buildings’ lifecycles. 
  • 100
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Networked Microgrids
The increasing impact of climate change and rising occurrences of natural disasters pose substantial threats to power systems. Strengthening resilience against these low-probability, high-impact events is crucial. The proposition of reconfiguring traditional power systems into advanced networked microgrids (NMGs) emerges as a promising solution.
  • 197
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
XFEM for Material Design
The eXtended finite element method (XFEM) is a powerful tool for structural mechanics, assisting engineers and designers in understanding how a material architecture responds to stresses and consequently assisting the creation of mechanically improved structures. The XFEM method has unraveled the extraordinary relationships between material topology and fracture behavior in biological and engineered materials, enhancing peculiar fracture toughening mechanisms, such as crack deflection and arrest.
  • 158
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Electricity Generation Forecasting and Transfer Learning
Accurate forecasting is one of the keys to the efficient use of the limited existing energy resources and plays an important role in sustainable development. The existing research related to power forecasting can be grouped into three categories: (1) statistical models, (2) deep learning models, and (3) hybrid models. Statistical approaches are often based on autoregressive linear regression models. Deep learning models are based on various types of neural networks that employ a fixed lookback window to produce forecasts. Hybrid models combine two or more methods to create a single forecast. 
  • 109
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Economics of Hydrogen Generation
Hydrogen is known as the lightest and the most abundant element. It supplies energy to fuel the stars and the Sun. It is considered non-toxic, odorless, colorless, highly combustible, and unpolluted.
  • 138
  • 07 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Nature-Inspired Designs in Wind Energy: A Review
The field of wind energy stands at the forefront of sustainable and renewable energy solutions, playing a pivotal role in mitigating environmental concerns and addressing global energy demands. Biomimetics, drawing inspiration from biological systems, has long intrigued engineers and designers, tracing back to Leonardo da Vinci’s studies of bird flight and even earlier to myths like Daedalus and Icarus. Historical references, including King Solomon’s throne adorned with mechanical creatures and the Talmud’s tales of the Golem, illustrate this enduring fascination.
  • 181
  • 07 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Predicting Concrete Pavement Condition for Sustainable Management
There has been significant research on the efficient and systematic management of road pavements as the aging of road pavements is rapidly progressing around the world. The road pavement management tasks can be broadly classified into (1) survey, (2) analysis, and (3) decision-making tasks. 
  • 155
  • 07 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Society 5.0 Resources
Society 5.0 represents an evolution from the industrial focus of Industry 4.0, aiming for a harmonious balance between technological progress and human-centric values, consistent with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. In the endeavor to propel Society 5.0 forward, achieving a profound comprehension of its core resources takes center stage. These resources encompass a wide spectrum, ranging from the tangible and technological elements to the intangible facets deeply intertwined with human-centric considerations.
  • 165
  • 07 Feb 2024
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