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Topic Review
WAAM of Duplex Stainless Steels
WAAM (Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing) is becoming an increasingly popular method to produce components from metals which are usually not so suitable for conventional production methods. One of the good examples is duplex stainless steels (DSS), which are quite complex for welding and machining. Excessive ferrite amount is a common problem for them and controlling an interlayer temperature could offer a solution. However, using too low interlayer temperature will slow down the whole process and compromise one of the WAAM’s main advantages - the high productivity. Aim of this study is to find the relationship between interlayer temperature and process duration and to determine the influence of the interlayer temperature on product structure and other properties. Three samples (walls) were made using different interlayer temperatures (50 °C, 100 °C and 150 °C) and they were tested to analyze their surface texture, chemical composition, ferrite amount, the appearance of porosity and the hardness. Ferrite amount was higher and there was more porosity on lower interlayer temperatures, while there is no significant difference between surface texture and chemical composition for the samples. Considering the fact that higher interlayer temperatures provide a faster process, they should be preferred to produce duplex stainless steel products.
  • 769
  • 16 Dec 2020
Topic Review
W-band MIMO GB-SAR for Bridge
This is a fast MIMO-GBSAR (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar) operating in W-band (77 GHz). The radar can complete a scan in less than 8 s. Furthermore, as its overall dimension is smaller than 230 mm, it can be easily fixed to the head of a camera tripod, which makes its deployment in the field very easy, even by a single operator. 
  • 794
  • 27 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Vulnerability of Buildings
Vulnerability is defined for buildings as the degree of loss resulting from a hazard at a certain severity level and depends on the reduction in resistance and the level of decay in the structures as a result of constant exposure to environmental factors (such as seismic actions). 
  • 3.8K
  • 23 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Vulnerabilities and Potential Threats of Cloud computing
Cloud computing has become a prominent technology due to its important utility service; this service concentrates on outsourcing data to organizations and individual consumers. Cloud computing has considerably changed the manner in which individuals or organizations store, retrieve, and organize their personal information. Despite the manifest development in cloud computing, there are still some concerns regarding the level of security and issues related to adopting cloud computing that prevent users from fully trusting this useful technology.
  • 670
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Vulnerabilities and Challenges in IoT-Enabled Smart Grids
Internet of Things (IoT) has appeared as one of the enabling technologies for smart energy grids by delivering abundant cutting-edge solutions in various domains, including critical infrastructures. As IoT-enabled devices continue to flourish, one of the major challenges is security issues, since IoT devices are connected through the Internet, thus making the smart grids vulnerable to a diverse range of cyberattacks. 
  • 1.5K
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
VR Systems into the Construction Industry
The construction industry is characterized by its diversity and competitiveness, encompassing a wide range of numerous and interconnected operations and materials. These factors have a significant impact on various aspects of society, such as culture, economy, and environment, throughout the entire lifespan of construction projects.
  • 339
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Vostok 3
Vostok 3 (Russian: Восток-3, Orient 3 or East 3) was a spaceflight of the Soviet space program intended to determine the ability of the human body to function in conditions of weightlessness and test the endurance of the Vostok 3KA spacecraft over longer flights. Cosmonaut Andriyan Nikolayev orbited the Earth 64 times over nearly four days in space, August 11–15, 1962, a feat which would not be matched by NASA until the Gemini program (1965–1966). Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 were launched a day apart on trajectories that brought the spacecraft within approximately 6.5 km (4.0 mi) of one another. The cosmonauts aboard the two capsules also communicated with each other via radio, the first ship-to-ship communications in space. These missions marked the first time that more than one crewed spacecraft was in orbit at the same time, giving Soviet mission controllers the opportunity to learn to manage this scenario.
  • 372
  • 21 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Vortex86
The Vortex86 is a computing system-on-a-chip (SoC) based on a core compatible with the x86 microprocessor family. It is produced by DM&P Electronics, but originated with Rise Technology.
  • 1.1K
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Vortex-Induced Motions of Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Structures
The ‘Green Shift’ from fossil energy (coal, oil and natural gas) to renewable energy (sunlight, wind, waves and tide) is now a global trend. DNV forecasts that by 2050, the installed floating global wind capacity will have grown from today’s 100 megawatts (MW) to over 264 gigawatts (GW), so that 2% of the world’s electricity demand can be supplied by cost-efficient and dependable floating offshore wind. Floating offshore wind is considered to be a viable solution at water depths exceeding 50 to 60 m with abundant wind resources. As a fast-evolving technology, it has the potential for less foundation material, shortened installation cycle and decommissioning, and additional wind power generation.
  • 770
  • 11 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Volumetric Video
Volumetric video is a technique that captures a three-dimensional space, such as a location or performance. This type of volumography acquires data that can be viewed on flat screens as well as using 3D displays and VR goggles. Consumer-facing formats are numerous and the required motion capture techniques lean on computer graphics, photogrammetry, and other computation-based methods. The viewer generally experiences the result in a real-time engine and has direct input in exploring the generated volume.
  • 755
  • 16 Nov 2022
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