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Topic Review
Water Desalination Systems Based on Renewable Energy Resources
Water desalination (WD) has been required for the supply of drinking water in a number of countries. Various technologies of WD utilize considerable thermal and/or electrical energies for removing undesirable salts. Desalination systems now rely on renewable energy resources (RERs) such as geothermal, solar, tidal, wind power, etc. The intermittent nature and changeable intensity constrain the wide applications of renewable energy, so the combination of energy storage systems (ESSs) with WD in many locations has been introduced.
  • 513
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography Images
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technique that provides high-resolution cross-sectional retina images, enabling ophthalmologists to gather crucial information for diagnosing various retinal diseases. The images acquired from the patients in raw format might be associated with poor contrast, noise, low light, and other artefacts. Several image enhancement techniques are needed to extract useful information. Several approaches can be used to enhance the quality of the OCT image, such as denoising the images to classify diseases through pathologies segmentation.
  • 785
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Cylindrical Piezoelectric PZT Transducers for Sensing and Actuation
Piezoelectric transducers have numerous applications in a wide range of sensing and actuation applications. Such a variety has resulted in continuous research into the design and development of these transducers, including but not limited to their geometry, material and configuration. Among these, cylindrical-shaped piezoelectric (PZT) transducers with superior features are suitable for various sensor or actuator applications.
  • 444
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
The Machining of Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V
Titanium alloys are extensively used in various industries due to their excellent corrosion resistance and outstanding mechanical properties. The machining of additively manufactured titanium alloys presents additional machining challenges as the alloys exhibit unique properties compared to their wrought counterparts, including increased anisotropy, strength, and hardness. The associated higher cutting forces, higher temperatures, accelerated tool wear, and decreased machinability lead to an expensive and unsustainable machining process.
  • 681
  • 04 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Renewable Energy Resources Technologies and Life Cycle Assessment
Researchers focuse on RER-based electrical power plants as a base to achieve two different sustainable development goals, SDG7 (obtaining reasonably priced clean energy) and SDG13 (reducing climate change). These goals in turn would support other environmental, social, and economic SDG. The study is constructed based on two pillars which are technological developments and life cycle assessment (LCA) for wind, solar, biomass, and geothermal power plants. Many other essential topics are presented in brief such as fossil fuels’ environmental impact, economic sustainability linkage to RER, the current contribution of RER in energy consumption worldwide and barriers and environmental effects of RER under consideration.
  • 560
  • 03 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Solar Energy
As an essential source of renewable energy, solar energy systems are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on how they capture and distribute solar energy.
  • 828
  • 03 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Concrete 3D Printing
In Singapore, there is an increasing need for independence in manpower within the Building and Construction (B&C) Industry. Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction (PPVC) production is mainly driven by its benefits in environmental pollution reduction, improved productivity, quality control, and customizability. However, its overall cost savings have been counterbalanced by new cost drivers like modular precast moulds, transportation, hoisting, manufacturing & holding yards, and supervision costs. The highly modular requirements for PPVC places additive manufacturing in an advantageous position due to its high customisability, and low volume manufacturing capabilities for faster manufacturing response time, faster production changeovers, and lower inventory requirements however Concrete 3D Printing (C3DP) has only begun to move away from early-stage development, where there is a need to closely evaluate the process parameters across buildability, extrudability, and pumpability aspects. As many parameters have been identified to have considerable influence in C3DP processes, monitoring systems for feedback applications seem to be an inevitable step forward to automation in construction. 
  • 567
  • 03 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Spectroelectrochemical Techniques’ Applications in Microfluidics
Spectroelectrochemical Techniques is attracting intensive interest for various research in analytical fields, ranging from biology to chemistry, material engineering, and others. 
  • 259
  • 03 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Aviation Spline Research
Splines are irreplaceable in high-speed aviation fields due to their simplicity, reliability, and high specific power. Aviation splines are not only subjected to severe operating mechanical loads, but also sometimes operate under grease-lubricated and non-lubricated environments. All of this results in aviation splines suffering widespread failures.
  • 845
  • 03 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Electrochemical Energy and Carbon Cycle
Green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol are being widely discussed for shipping. Because green methanol and ammonia have higher energy densities and are relatively easier to transport and store on ships, they have become the most promising near-zero-emission marine fuel. In addition, since most of the production pathways for green fuel require green power, the production methods for green power are analyzed in detail.
  • 355
  • 31 Mar 2023
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