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Topic Review
Design Requirements for Wrist Exoskeletons
Exoskeletons are robotic devices which aim to help both healthy and unhealthy people in performing activities or to assist recovery of some or all of their natural movements.
  • 503
  • 13 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Design Strategies for Flexible Supercapacitors
The spread of wearable and flexible electronics devices has been accelerating for a wide range of applications. Development of an appropriate flexible power source to operate these flexible devices is a key challenge. Supercapacitors are attractive for powering portable lightweight consumer devices due to their long cycle stability, fast charge-discharge cycle, outstanding power density, wide operating temperatures and safety. Much effort has been devoted to ensure high mechanical and electrochemical stability upon bending, folding or stretching and to develop flexible electrodes, substrates and overall geometrically-flexible structures. Supercapacitors have attracted considerable attention and shown many applications on various scales.
  • 359
  • 15 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Design Technologies of HSPMM and Drive Systems
The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), first introduced by German scholars, has brought increasing opportunities and challenges to manufacturing, energy, construction and other industries, which refers to the use of the cyber-physical system (CPS) to digitize and make intelligent the manufacturing and business information in supply chains, and finally achieve rapid, effective and personalized industrial system architectures. The design fundamentals and technologies of HSPMM drive systems are reviewed. 
  • 408
  • 23 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Design, Construction and Maintenance of Green Roofs
Urbanisation affects the water cycle and heat balance in a negative way. Vegetated roofs have the potential to minimise the effects of urbanisation. Converting concrete and tiles roofs into green roofs can increase green urban areas and has the potential to reverse such effects, so the design, construction and maintenance of green roofs are very important.
  • 708
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Designing a Robot against COVID-19—Robocov
Robocov, designed as a rapid response against the COVID-19 Pandemic at Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico, with implementations of artificial intelligence and the S4 concept, is a low-cost robot. Robocov can achieve numerous tasks using the S4 concept that provides flexibility in hardware and software. Thus, Robocov can impact positivity public safety, clinical care, continuity of work, quality of life, laboratory and supply chain automation, and non-hospital care. The mechanical structure and software development allow Robocov to complete support tasks effectively so Robocov can be integrated as a technological tool. 
  • 481
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Designing Post COVID-19 Buildings
The COVID-19 pandemic forced the accessibility, social gathering, lifestyle, and working environment to be changed to reduce the infection. The current state-of-the-art engineering control preventive measures presented include ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), bipolar ionization, vertical gardening, and indoor plants. They have potential to improve the indoor air quality.
  • 565
  • 20 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Desulfurization and Denitrogenation to Prepare Clean Fuels
The removal of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds present in fuels is and will be crucial to accomplish actual strict regulations to avoid environmental and humanity health adversities. The conventional hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation processes conducted by refineries are limited due to severe operating conditions, and even more importantly, they are inefficient for simultaneously removing nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds in fuels.
  • 213
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Detecting VOC Biomarkers in the Exhaled Breath
In general, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have a high vapor pressure at room temperature (RT). It has been reported that all humans generate unique VOC profiles in their exhaled breath which can be utilized as biomarkers to diagnose disease conditions. The aforementioned discussions show that the human breath contains a variety of VOCs that serve as biomarkers for various diseases and metabolic problems. Therefore, the real-time monitoring of such VOCs in the exhaled human breath is highly essential to enable non-invasive illness detection. A detailed discussion has been carried out to understand various techniques developed to detect VOCs in very low concentrations of part per million volumes (ppmv), part per billion volumes (ppbv), and part per trillion volumes (pptv).
  • 604
  • 09 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Detection of Anomalies Using Acoustic Emission When Welding
Welding inspection is a critical process that can be severely time-consuming, resulting in productivity delays, especially when destructive or invasive processes are required. With non-destructive approaches, the actual service part can be inspected in both a speedy and non-invasive manner. A multi-spectral approach is used to give more confidence and information related to the anomaly of interest. This system is very portable and essentially could be used in most joining setup situations.
  • 207
  • 23 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Detection of Phase/Switch Open-Circuit Faults in Multiphase Drives
Phase open-circuit (OC) failures in multiphase electric ac drives involve OCs in stator phases or in converter-machine connections, and switch/diode OCs are frequently dealt with similarly or identically. Thanks to the phase redundancy of multiphase drives (with more than three phases), their operation can be satisfactorily continued under a certain number of OCs.  Phase/switch OC faults can be regarded as one of the most usual electrical failures in ac drives, and for this reason a significant number of works are focused on the diagnosis of this undesired incident. The detection of OC faults and the identification of the affected phases have typically been mandatory tasks in order to ensure a proper postfault reconfiguration. 
  • 511
  • 01 Apr 2022
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