Topic Review
Surface Charge Accumulation on Insulators in DC GILs
Gas-insulated power transmission lines (GILs) can replace cables and overhead transmission lines, playing an important role in DC transmission systems. However, the influence of surface charge accumulation on insulation reliability cannot be ignored as the operational voltage of the DC GIL increases. 
  • 287
  • 30 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Autonomous Navigation of Robots
In the field of artificial intelligence, control systems for mobile robots have undergone significant advancements, particularly within the realm of autonomous learning.
  • 432
  • 30 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Renewable Energy Communities in Italy: Public Administration involvement
The pressing necessity to address climate change calls for reducing carbon emissions in the energy sector. Renewable energy communities (RECs) provide environmental, financial, and societal advantages that facilitate the shift towards sustainable energy sources.The growth of renewable energy communities (RECs) in Italy is the result of collaborative efforts from both public and private sectors, and the crucial involvement of public administrations (PAs) in promoting and expanding RECs is undeniable. A renewable energy community, especially when facilitated and supported by public administration, can be an effective solution to overcome the limitations and difficulties in implementing renewable energy sources, especially in historic and small towns.The development of RECs in Italy and the pivotal role played by public administrations as catalysts in the formation of RECs is investigated through a case study in the Municipality of Assisi.
  • 386
  • 30 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Power Semiconductor Devices
Power switching semiconductors are indispensable elements in inverters and converters used in power grids/systems, automobiles, data centers, and renewable energy for reliability towards a more intelligent control system.
  • 399
  • 30 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Earthworks Using Audio-Visual and Location-Sensing Technology
During earthworks, monitoring and controlling the actual productivity of construction machines enables insight into the progress of tasks, calculation of expected duration and costs, favorable use and allocation of machines, and the application of appropriate decisions and corrective measures, which is of great interest to contractors. Excavators and tipper trucks are primarily used in earthworks. Manual collection of data from the construction site to assess the actual productivity of machines is today considered an outdated, time-consuming, and subjective method.
  • 264
  • 29 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Reuse of Wind Turbine Blades
The sustainability of wind power has been called into question because there are currently no truly sustainable solutions to the problem of how to deal with the non-biodegradable fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite wind blades (sometimes referred to as “wings”) that capture the wind energy. The vast majority of wind blades that have reached their end-of-life (EOL) currently end up in landfills (either in full-sized pieces or pulverized into smaller pieces) or are incinerated. The problem has come to a head since many countries (especially in the EU) have outlawed, or expect to outlaw in the near future, one or both of these unsustainable and polluting disposal methods. An increasing number of studies have addressed the issue of EOL blade “waste”; however, these studies are generally of little use since they make predictions that do not account for the manner in which wind blades are decommissioned (from the time the decision is made to retire a turbine (or a wind farm) to the eventual disposal or recycling of all of its components).
  • 326
  • 29 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Biojet Fuel Technologies
Biojet fuels have been gaining traction in the aviation industry as a more sustainable alternative to traditional jet fuel for over a decade now. According to a report by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), in 2022, the production capacity of SAFs including biojet fuels, surpassed 300 million litres (79.2 million gallons) globally.
  • 418
  • 29 Aug 2023
Topic Review
The Importance of Alternative Materials for Building Construction
The escalating demand for natural resources within the construction industry is progressing upward. At the same time, however, there is a great concern regarding the depletion of these resources. On the one hand, the depletion of primary sources of natural sand worldwide, combined with environmental and ecological concerns, drives the adoption of alternative aggregate materials for sustainable concrete construction. On the other hand, stone dust, a waste from the quarrying industry, offers a cost-effective and practical solution for producing concrete. 
  • 772
  • 29 Aug 2023
Topic Review
ERC-4519 NFTs for the Rental of Smart Homes
The rental of houses is a common economic activity. However, there are many inconveniences that arise when renting a property. The lack of trust between the landlord and the tenant due to fraud or squatters makes it necessary to involve third parties to minimize risk. A blockchain (such as Ethereum) provides an ideal solution to act as a low-cost intermediary. In particular, the use of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) based on ERC-4519 is very interesting for smart home tokenization. The ERC-4519 is an Ethereum standard for describing NFTs tied to physical assets, allowing smart homes (assets) to be linked to NFTs so that the smart homes can interact with the blockchain and perform transactions, know their landlord (owner) and assigned tenant (user), whether they are authenticated or not, and know their operating mode (NFT state). The payments associated with the rental process are made using the NFT, eliminating the need for additional fungible tokens and simplifying the process. 
  • 572
  • 29 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Lattice Boltzmann Modelling and Application in Material Processing
A variety of particle-based methods have been developed for the purpose of computationally modelling processes that involve, for example, complex topological changes of interfaces, significant plastic deformation of materials, fluid flow in conjunction with heat transfer and phase transformation, flow in porous media, granular flow, etc. Being different from the conventional methods that directly solve related governing equations using a computational grid, the particle-based methods firstly discretize the continuous medium into discrete pseudo-particles in mathematics.The methods then mathematically solve the governing equations by considering the local interaction between neighbouring pseudo-particles. Such solutions can reflect the overall flow, deformation, heat transfer and phase transformation processes of the target materials at the mesoscale and macroscale.
  • 233
  • 29 Aug 2023
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