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Topic Review
Simulating Flight Crew Workload Settings to Mitigate Fatigue
Fatigue in flight operations can be defined as the result of personal and work-related factors. Personal factors affecting fatigue are related to age, chronotype (morning type, evening type), gender, genetic predisposition, and tolerance towards shift work.
  • 152
  • 13 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Remaining Tool Life Prediction
The increasing demand for customized products is a core driver of novel automation concepts in Industry 4.0. For the case of machining complex free-form workpieces, e.g., in die making and mold making, individualized manufacturing is already the industrial practice. The varying process conditions and demanding machining processes lead to a high relevance of machining domain experts and a low degree of manufacturing flow automation. In order to increase the degree of automation, online process monitoring and the prediction of the quality-related remaining cutting tool life is indispensable.
  • 140
  • 13 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Multiple Mobile Sinks in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks
The involvement of wireless sensor networks in large-scale real-time applications is exponentially growing. These applications can range from hazardous area supervision to military applications. In such critical contexts, the simultaneous improvement of the quality of service and the network lifetime represents a big challenge. 
  • 101
  • 13 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Renewable Energy and Decarbonization in Canadian Mining Industry
Mining in Canada stands as one of the most energy-intensive sectors, playing a pivotal role as a significant provider of copper, nickel, and cobalt to the international market. Anticipated growth in the global population, coupled with the transition of several low-income economies to middle-income status, is poised to escalate the demand for essential raw materials. This surge in demand is expected to drive an increase in energy consumption across various stages of the Canadian mining industry, encompassing exploration, extraction, processing, and refining. Due to their geographical constraints, most Canadian mining operations rely heavily on fossil fuels such as diesel and heavy fuel. Considering the global shift towards decarbonization and the pursuit of net-zero emission targets, exploring avenues for adopting electrification solutions and integrating renewable energy technologies, particularly in sizable surface mines, is imperative.
  • 257
  • 13 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Polythionic Acid Corrosion in Oil and Gas Sector
Polythionic acid (PTA) corrosion is a significant challenge in the refinery industry, leading to equipment degradation, safety risks, and costly maintenance.
  • 264
  • 12 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Technologies and Equipment of Mechanized Blossom Thinning in Orchards
Based on relevant reports in the past 20 years, the current level of development of mechanized blossom thinning technologies and equipment in orchards from three aspects: mechanism research, machine development, and intelligent upgrading are discussed here.
  • 213
  • 10 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Multipolling MAC Protocol in Wi-Fi Sensor Networks
Since low-power Wi-Fi sensors are connected to the Internet, effective radio spectrum use is crucial for developing an efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for Wi-Fi sensor networks. A connectivity-based multipolling mechanism was employed for Access Points to grant uplink transmission opportunities to Wi-Fi nodes with a reduced number of multipolling frame transmissions.
  • 140
  • 10 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Sugarcane Bagasse as a Feedstock for Bioethanol Production
Lignocellulosic biomass is a powerful approach to produce sustainable biofuels and the further achievement of the goal of biomass conversion into a second-generation clean energy that can cope with the depletion of fossil reserves and rising energy requirements. In the conversion process, a pretreatment is essential to overcome the recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic biomass; accelerate its disintegration into cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin; and, in turn, obtain an optimal yield of fermentable sugars in the enzymatic hydrolysis. In addition to this, it should be industrially scalable and capable of enhancing fuel properties and feedstock processability. Here, steam explosion technology has stood out due to its results and advantages, such as wide applicability, high efficiency in the short term, or lack of contamination despite its conventionality. 
  • 216
  • 10 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Definition and Uses of Biocompatibility in Different Fields
Using the term “biomaterial” is more logical when referring to healthcare-related materials. This includes materials used to fabricate various medical tools and devices, such as those used in implants and surgery procedures. Therefore, for a material to be referred to as a “biomaterial”, it must follow the definition assigned by the National Institute of Health Consensus Development Conference of November 1982, which states that “any substance (other than a drug) or combination of substances, synthetic or natural in origin, which can be used for any period of time, as a whole or as a part of a system that treats, augments, or replaces any tissue, organ, or function of the body”.
  • 311
  • 10 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Stress Monitoring
Stress monitoring with wearable sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT) is a potential application that can enhance wellness and preventative health management. Healthcare professionals have harnessed robust systems incorporating battery-based wearable technology and wireless communication channels to enable cost-effective healthcare monitoring for various medical conditions.
  • 188
  • 09 Nov 2023
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