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Topic Review
3D Cell Culture Technology
Unlike the 2D cultures, which grow by attaching to the bottom as a monolayer, 3D cell culture refers to cells aggregated and expressed as a single tissue or form. Moreover, the 3D-cultured cells are attached to an artificially created ECM environment to interact with or grow with the surrounding environment. Therefore, unlike 2D cell cultures, cell growth in a 3D environment allows cells to grow in multiple directions rather than in a single direction in vitro, which is similar to in vivo conditions. Upon comparison, the 3D cell culture exhibits several advantages: (1) A similar biomimetic model, which is more physiologically relevant. (2) A 3D culture exhibits a high level of structural complexity and maintains homeostasis for longer. (3) 3D models can indicate how different types of cells interact. (4) 3D cultures can reduce the use of animal models. (5) They are a good simulator for the treatment of disease groups including cancer tumors.
  • 1.1K
  • 17 Nov 2021
Topic Review
GM H Platform (1986)
The H platform, or H-body designates a General Motors front-wheel-drive full-sized automobile platform beginning in 1986. It is related to the C, G and K platforms. Many H-bodies used GM's Buick 3800 V6, and supercharged versions of this engine were available from 1991 to 1999. They originally came in both 2-door and 4-door versions, but the four-door sedans were dramatically more popular, and two-door models were dropped by 1992. Previously, the H platform designation was used for unrelated rear-wheel-drive compact cars. According to one source, the H-body sedans were the next "big thing" for GM, and development cost more than $3 billion, which is on par with roughly how much Ford invested in the Ford Taurus. Both the H-body sedans and the Taurus (based on the D186 platform) were launched fully in 1986. Starting in 2000, all H-body vehicles moved to the G platform, however GM continued to call it the H platform. Most H-body cars had Buick's 3.8 liter (231 cubic-inch) V6 engine standard.
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Eco-Industrial Park
The concept of an eco-industrial park (EIP) that promotes resource sharing, reutilization of waste, and exchange of materials among industries and communities brings significant benefits in terms of environmental, social, and economic aspects.
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Micro-Computed Tomography
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a consolidated imaging technology allowing non-destructive three-dimensional (3D) qualitative and quantitative analysis by the observation of microstructures with high resolution. This paper Ten Years of Micro-CT in Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Literature Overview aims at delivering a structured overview of literature about studies performed using micro-CT in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery (MFS) by analyzing the entire set of articles to portray the state of the art of the last ten years of scientific publications on the topic. 
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Traffic Object Tracking Based on Satellite Videos
Object tracking is a hot topic in computer vision and remote sensing, and it typically employs a bounding box that locks onto the region of interest (ROI) when only an initial state of the target (in a video frame) is available. Thanks to the development of satellite imaging technology, various satellites with advanced onboard cameras have been launched to obtain very high resolution (VHR) satellite videos for military and civilian applications. Compared to traditional target tracking methods, satellite video target tracking is more efficient in motion analysis and object surveillance, and has shown great potential applications in spying on enemies, monitoring and protecting sea ice, fighting wildfires, and monitoring city trafficking, which traditional target tracking cannot even approach. The satellite video based traffic object tracking methods are reviewed under two headings, which are online tracking methods and offline tracking methods. Furthermore, the online tracking methods are grouped into four broad types: correlation filter (CF)-based, tracking-by-detection (TBD), deep learning (DL)-based, and optical flow-based methods. Finally, discussions on reviewed traffic tracking methods are delivered.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Applications of Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
Researchers are exploring the use of natural fiber-reinforced polymer Composites (NFRPC) to bridge the gap between sustainability and material performance. Natural fiber composites are a viable option for several applications due to their low production cost. Possible applications include car bodies and interiors, storage devices, walls and ceilings in commercial and industrial spaces, and even false ceilings.
  • 1.1K
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Digital Twins and Federated Learning
As a result of the advancement in the fourth industrial revolution and communication technology, the use of digital twins (DT) and federated learning (FL) in the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), and the Internet of Drones (IoD) is increasing. DT provides a virtual simulation of the networks, whereas FL involves collaborative learning and enhances the privacy and security of the network. The application of DT and FL has been proven to be efficient in increasing the performance of the IIoT, IoV, and IoD.
  • 1.1K
  • 01 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Chemical and Physical Properties of Solid Salt Fluxes
Solid salt fluxes are inorganic compounds that are added during the treatment of molten aluminum to improve the final quality. An understanding of the chemical composition of the flux is essential for the assessment of the physical and chemical behavior of the flux. The chemical composition of the flux can be tailored to adjust properties such as density, viscosity, reactivity, and wettability. Such properties, in turn, will impart different functions to the flux. 
  • 1.1K
  • 05 May 2023
Topic Review
Beretta M1951
The Beretta M1951 is a 9×19mm semi-automatic pistol, developed during the late 1940s and early 1950s by Pietro Beretta S.p.A. of Italy. The pistol was produced strictly for military use and was introduced into service with the Italian Armed Forces and security forces as the Modello 1951 (M1951), replacing the Modello 1934 pistol, chambered for the 9×17mm Short (.380 ACP) cartridge.
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Distribution Measurement Technologies
The integration of advanced measuring technologies in distribution systems allows distribution system operators to have better observability of dynamic and transient events. In this work, the applications of distribution grid measurement technologies are explored in detail. The main contributions of this review are the review of the most recent applications of micro-Phasor Measurement Units, Smart Meters, and Power Quality Monitoring devices used in distribution systems, considering different novel methods applied for data analysis; In addition, this work derives an input-output table that relates measured quantities from micro-Phasor Measurement Units and Smart Meters needed for each specific application found in this extensive review. 
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Feb 2021
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