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Topic Review
Electroencephalography in Schizophrenia
Electroencephalography (EEG) provides a non-invasive tool for the study of the brain’s temporal and spatial register of electric activity. Schizophrenia is a complex and heterogeneous disease, manifesting deficits that underlie many overlapping pathological mechanisms distributed across multiple brain regions. Patients with schizophrenia have sensory processing deficits and high-level attention-dependent cognitive deficits. These deficits can be assessed by the time-locked EEG activity in stimuli called ERPs and extracting the features. EEG oscillations are considered biomarkers or features of complex states in health and schizophrenia persons. The oscillatory activity of the EEG in schizophrenia patients indicates abnormal temporal integration and interregional connectivity of brain networks during neurocognitive function. EEG signal analysis can be performed in the time, frequency, and time–frequency domains.
  • 830
  • 09 May 2023
Topic Review
Multi-Sensor Monitoring of Human Stress
Many people live under stressful conditions which has an adverse effect on their health. Human stress, especially long-term one, can lead to a serious illness. Therefore, monitoring of human stress influence can be very useful. We can monitor stress in strictly controlled laboratory conditions, but it is time-consuming and does not capture reactions, on everyday stressors or in natural environment using wearable sensors, but with limited accuracy. Therefore, we began to analyze the current state of promising wearable stress-meters and the latest advances in the record of related physiological variables. Based on these results, we present the concept of an accurate, reliable and easier to use telemedicine device for long-term monitoring of people in a real life. In our concept, we ratify with two synchronized devices, one on the finger and the second on the chest. The results will be obtained from several physiological variables including electrodermal activity, heart rate and respiration, body temperature, blood pressure and others. All these variables will be measured using a coherent multi-sensors device. Our goal is to show possibilities and trends towards the production of new telemedicine equipment and thus, opening the door to a widespread application of human stress-meters. 
  • 829
  • 25 May 2021
Topic Review
Drying Biomass Using Solar Energy
In the world, energy used for drying processes consumes 7–15% of industrial energy. Therefore, the cost of this energy is a crucial challenge to looking for an alternative source of energy, for example, solar energy. Solar energy is available in almost all the world, is free and provides a clean and free pollution energy source. Furthermore, solar energy has a higher development potential than other alternative energy sources, such as the ocean, biomass and geothermal.
  • 829
  • 28 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Visual pH Sensors
The pH sensors are gaining widespread attention as non-destructive tools, visible to the human eye, and are capable of real-time and in-situ response.
  • 829
  • 31 May 2021
Topic Review
Audio-Based Hazard Detection for Construction Safety
Safety-critical sounds at job sites play an essential role in construction safety, but hearing capability is often declined due to the use of hearing protection and the complicated nature of construction noise. Thus, preserving or augmenting the auditory situational awareness of construction workers has become a critical need. 
  • 829
  • 06 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Smart Manufacturing and Tactile Internet Based on 5G
For many applications deployed in manufacturing networks, communication latency has been a significant barrier. Despite the constant development of improved communication protocols and standards during Industry 4.0, the latency problem persists, lowering quality of services (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE). Tactile internet (TI), with its high availability, security, and ultra-low latency, will add a new dimension to human-machine interaction (HMI) by enabling haptic and tactile sensations. The tactile internet (TI) is a cutting-edge technology that uses 5G and beyond (B5G) communications to enable real-time interaction of haptic data over the internet between tactile ends. This emerging TI technology is regarded as the next evolutionary step for the Internet of Things (IoT) and is expected to bring about massive changes towards Society 5.0 and to address complex issues in current society. To that end, the 5G mobile communication systems will support the TI at the wireless edge. As a result, TI can be used as a backbone for delay mitigation in conjunction with 5G networks, allowing for ultra-reliable low latency applications like Smart Manufacturing, virtual reality, and augmented reality. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to present the current state of 5G and TI, as well as the challenges and future trends for 5G networks beyond 2021, as well as a conceptual framework for integrating 5G and TI into existing industrial case studies, with a focus on the design aspects and layers of TI, such as the master, network, and slave layers. Finally, the key publications focused on the key enabling technologies of TI are summarized and the beyond 5G era towards Society 5.0 based on cyber-physical systems is discussed.
  • 828
  • 29 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Solar-Assisted Heat Pump for Buildings in China
The building sector accounts for over 40% of global energy consumption. The utilization of renewable energy systems such as the solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP) in buildings has been shown to improve building energy efficiency and achieve carbon neutrality.
  • 828
  • 22 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Harbour Defence Motor Launch
The harbour defence motor launch (HDML) was a 72 ft (22 m) long British-designed motor vessel used for harbour defence during World War II. Nearly 500 were built by numerous Allied countries during the war. The HDML was designed by W J Holt at the Admiralty in early 1939. During the war HDMLs were constructed, mainly by yacht builders, in the United Kingdom and a number of other allied countries. In view of their later expanded combat roles in some Commonwealth navies some HDMLs were re-designated as "seaward defence motor launches" (SDML) or "seaward defence boats" (SDB).
  • 828
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Radeon HD 6000 Series
The Northern Islands series is a family of GPUs developed by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) forming part of its Radeon-brand, based on the 40 nm process. Some models are based on TeraScale 2 (VLIW5), some on the new TeraScale 3 (VLIW4) introduced with them. Starting with this family, the former ATI brand was officially discontinued in favor of making a correlation between the graphics products and the AMD branding for computing platforms (the CPUs and chipsets). Therefore, the AMD brand was used as the replacement. The logo for graphics products and technologies also received a minor makeover (using design elements of the 2010 "AMD Vision" logo). Its direct competitor was Nvidia's GeForce 500 Series; they were launched approximately a month apart.
  • 828
  • 12 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Recycling
An urgent demand for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is expected in the forthcoming years due to the rapid growth of electrical vehicles (EV). To address these issues, various technologies such as the pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical method, as well as the newly developed in-situ roasting reduction (in-situ RR) method were proposed in recent studies.
  • 827
  • 29 Oct 2021
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