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Topic Review
Pharmacokinetics of Tocotrienol
Tocotrienols are valuable nutraceuticals due to their numerous pharmacological properties, particularly in preventing or treating non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, metabolic, and skin disorders, as well as cancers.
  • 194
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Regulation of P-glycoprotein
P-glycoprotein (Pgp, ABCB1 protein, MDR1) is a transporter protein, the most studied representative of the ABC transporter superfamily. Pgp is an efflux protein: it ensures the outflow of molecules from cells into the extracellular space.
  • 194
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Impact of Solute Carrier Transporters in Glioma Pathology
Solute carriers (SLCs) are the largest family of transmembrane transporters (consisting of 439 proteins without the pseudogenes), which are divided into 65 subfamilies (60 of which have been identified in the brain). They play a crucial role in exchanging different substances such as nutrients, ions, metabolites, as well as drugs through biological membranes. Most SLCs share the same protein structure consisting of 12 presumed transmembrane segments with molecular mass ranging between 50 to 100 kDa.
  • 190
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Advantages and Mechanisms of Bacteria for Cancer Therapy
Cancer is one of the major diseases that endanger human health. Bacteria is a novel drug delivery system that has shown great potential in cancer therapy because of its tumor-targeting, oncolytic, and immunomodulatory properties.
  • 187
  • 08 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Liposome-Derived Nanosystems  for Increased Brain Drug Bioavailability
Niosomes, transfersomes, and ethosomes are nanometric vesicular structures that allow drug encapsulation, protecting them from degradation, and increasing their solubility, permeability, brain targeting, and bioavailability.
  • 185
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Biosimilar Agents
A biosimilar is a biological product highly similar to and interchangeable with an already approved reference product. Innovations in computer-aided discovery for biosimilar agents involve several key approaches. Structural bioinformatics and molecular docking techniques, including homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations, aid in understanding the structure-function relationships. In silico screening and virtual high-throughput screening, powered by database mining and predictive modeling, expedite the identification of potential biosimilar candidates. Machine learning and artificial intelligence contribute by analyzing large datasets to predict success probabilities and integrating diverse data sources. Immunogenicity prediction tools assess potential immune responses, while network pharmacology and quantitative systems pharmacology provide a holistic understanding of biosimilar effects. Optimization algorithms play a role in formulating biosimilars for desired properties. This dynamic field continues to evolve, with regular updates reflecting the latest advancements in computational tools for biosimilar discovery.
  • 185
  • 13 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Polymersomes in Drug Delivery Systems
Polymersomes are artificial nanoparticles formed by the self-assembly process of amphiphilic block copolymers composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks. They can encapsulate hydrophilic molecules in the aqueous core and hydrophobic molecules within the membrane. The composition of block copolymers can be tuned, enabling control of characteristics and properties of formed polymersomes and, thus, their application in areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, or bioimaging. The preparation methods of polymersomes can also impact their characteristics and the preservation of the encapsulated drugs. Due to the shortcomings related to the stability, efficacy, and safety of some therapeutics in the human body, polymersomes as drug delivery systems have been good candidates to improve the quality of therapies against a wide range of diseases, including cancer. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy can be improved by using polymersomes to deliver the drugs, protecting and directing them to the exact site of action.
  • 184
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Pharmacological Properties of Steviol Glycosides
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (Asteraceae) is a small perennial herb endemic to South America. Dry stevia leaves have been used to sweeten traditional bitter drinks. Steviol glycosides exhibit a superior sweetener proficiency to that of sucrose and are noncaloric, noncariogenic, and nonfermentative. Scientific evidence encourages stevioside and rebaudioside A as sweetener alternatives to sucrose and supports their use based on their absences of harmful effects on human health. Moreover, these active compounds isolated from Stevia rebaudiana possess interesting medicinal activities, including antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiarrheal activity. 
  • 184
  • 16 Aug 2023
Topic Review
NaDES Application in Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Fields
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) represent a new generation of green, non-flammable solvents, useful as an efficient alternative to the well-known ionic liquids. They can be easily prepared and exhibit unexpected solubilizing power for lipophilic molecules, although those of a hydrophilic nature are mostly used. For their unique properties, they can be recommend for different cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, ranging from sustainable extraction, obtaining ready-to-use ingredients, to the development of biocompatible drug delivery responsive systems. 
  • 183
  • 01 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Glucagon and Its Receptors in the Mammalian Heart
Glucagon exerts effects on the mammalian heart. These effects include alterations in the force of contraction, beating rate, and changes in the cardiac conduction system axis. The cardiac effects of glucagon vary according to species, region, age, and concomitant disease. Depending on the species and region studied, the contractile effects of glucagon can be robust, modest, or even absent. Glucagon is detected in the mammalian heart and might act with an autocrine or paracrine effect on the cardiac glucagon receptors. The glucagon levels in the blood and glucagon receptor levels in the heart can change with disease or simultaneous drug application. 
  • 182
  • 06 Sep 2023
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