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Topic Review
Molecular Pathology of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, originating from keratinocytes of the spinous layer. Numerous risk factors have been discovered for the initiation and growth of this type of cancer, such as exposure to UV and ionizing radiation, chemical carcinogens, the presence of immunosuppression states, chronic inflammation, infections with high-risk viral strains, and, last but not least, the presence of diseases associated with genetic alterations. The important socio-economic impact, as well as the difficulty associated with therapy for advanced forms, has made the molecular mechanisms underlying this neoplasia more and more intensively studied, with the intention of achieving a better understanding and advancing the treatment of this pathology.
  • 268
  • 25 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Emerging Biomarkers in Cutaneous Melanoma
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an increasingly significant public health concern. Due to alarming mortality rates and escalating incidence, it is crucial to understand its etiology and identify emerging biomarkers for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies.
  • 264
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Gut Microbiome, Immunity, and Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a common inflammatory skin disease affecting 7–10% of adults and up to 25% of young children.
  • 263
  • 10 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Pemphigus and Pemphigoid Group
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed on nearly all nucleated cells in the body. The HLA region is located on the short arm of chromosome 6 (6p21), commonly referred to as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). There are two major classes of HLA antigens: HLA class I (loci HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C) and HLA class II (loci HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, HLA-DP, HLA-DM, and HLA-DO); these HLA molecules exhibit a high degree of polymorphism, with numerous alleles at each specific locus. 
  • 262
  • 15 Nov 2023
Topic Review
The Skin and Natural Cannabinoids
The chemical constituents of the Cannabis plant known as cannabinoids have been extensively researched for their potential therapeutic benefits. The use of cannabinoids applied to the skin as a potential method for both skin-related benefits and systemic administration.
  • 260
  • 11 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus
Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a frequently overlooked inflammatory disorder affecting the skin and mucous membranes of the vulva. With a propensity for atrophy, severe scarring, functional impairment, and malignant evolution, VLS is a disease that recurs frequently; early diagnosis, rapid treatment, and ongoing patient follow-up are essential. Potent topical corticosteroids (TCSs) are now widely recognized as the most effective treatment for achieving remission in VLS, but considering the potential complications of long-term treatment with potent TCSs, understanding the evolution of VLS during puberty becomes particularly crucial in determining the necessity for aggressive or more conservative therapeutic interventions.
  • 259
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Genetics of Pustular Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by the appearance of clearly demarcated erythematous and scaly plaques. It can be divided into various types, including plaque, nail, guttate, inverse, and pustular psoriasis. Plaque psoriasis is the most commonly occurring type, though there is another rare but severe pustular autoinflammatory skin disease called generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP), which manifests with acute episodes of pustulation and systemic symptoms.
  • 256
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Plant-Derived Compounds in Preventing and Treating Keloid Scars
Keloid is a disease in which fibroblasts abnormally proliferate and synthesize excessive amounts of extracellular matrix, including collagen and fibronectin, during the healing process of skin wounds, causing larger scars that exceed the boundaries of the original wound. Various phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, and other plant-derived compounds could modulate different cell signaling pathways associated with the pathogenesis of keloids. For now, many studies are limited to in vitro experiments; additional research and development are needed to proceed to clinical trials. 
  • 251
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Diversity of Mycolactone-Producing Mycobacteria
Buruli ulcer (BU), a human necrotizing skin disease mainly affecting tropical and subtropical areas, commonly admitted to be caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans worldwide although other mycolactone-producing mycobacteria and even mycobacterium species were found associated with BU or BU-like cases. 
  • 250
  • 20 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Psoriatic Patients and Obesity
Psoriasis, an autoimmune chronic inflammatory skin condition, has a high incidence in the general population, reaching 2–4%. Its pathogenesis involves an interplay of genetic factors, immune disturbances, and environmental factors. Within the environmental factors that aid the appearance of this autoimmune skin disease, the Western lifestyle and overall diet play important roles in the steady growth in psoriasis prevalence. Furthermore, psoriasis is associated with comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. Accumulating evidence suggests that obesity is an important risk factor for psoriasis. 
  • 245
  • 15 Aug 2023
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