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All Topic Review Biography
Biography
Omkar Prasad Baidya
Omkar Prasad Baidya(born in 1984) is an Indian doctor, philosopher, author, and faculty for Physiology at ESIC-PGIMSR and ESI Medical College, Joka, Kolkata, India.[1][2] He has written and published various books on moral philosophy, world peace, universal ethics, and morality. Through his books, he has acquainted people with the importance of human virtues in shaping lives and solving all human
  • 2.9K
  • 01 Jun 2024
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
A Systematic Review of Effects on ACL Injury of Soccer Shoe Outsoles, Soccer Playing Field Surfaces, and Outsole–Surface Interface
Soccer is a sport with a high incidence of injuries. The most common injury occurs when the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee has undergone a sprain, strain, or partial or total rupture. Besides fitness factors (e.g., proprioception, balance and strength capabilities), a principal cause of ACL injuries is sport shoes and playing surfaces. Especially with the emergence of artificial surfaces (rubbers, turfs, concrete, asphalt, red turf), the ACL injuries dramatically increase. The cost of ACL injuries is high both in terms of career termination and in social and economic costs. Thus, it is necessary to understand the impact of sport shoes and playing surfaces on the ACL and how it can be mitigated. The present literature review followed the PRISMA methodology to identify the major biomechanical factors influencing the behavior of surfaces and shoes in relation to the ACL damage. Fifty-eight papers were identified. After reviewing the mechanism of injuries, we identified several distinct factors: type of outsole and mechanical arrangement of the outsoles; shear forces; characteristics of artificial turf surfaces; effect of weather on artificial surface aging and change in mechanical characteristics; outsole/ground interface; and the frictional, tractional and rotational forces in the pathogenesis of ACL injuries in soccer.
  • 383
  • 28 May 2024
Topic Review
Appetite Regulation and Bariatric Surgery
Obesity remains a common metabolic disorder and a threat to health as it is associated with numerous complications. Lifestyle modifications and caloric restriction can achieve limited weight loss. Bariatric surgery is an effective way of achieving substantial weight loss as well as glycemic control secondary to weight-related type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • 201
  • 27 May 2024
Topic Review
Cistus albidus L.
Cistus albidus is one of the approximately 20 species of the Cistus genus. The genus’ name is derived from the ancient Greek term kistos. It is supposed that the name alludes to the woody capsule fruits. Evergreen in its Mediterranean homeland and between 50 and 250 centimeters tall, this shrub is called albidus, not because of the colour of its flowers, but because its leaves are finely covered with white hair (trichomes).
  • 164
  • 23 May 2024
Topic Review
Helicobacter pylori infection, pathogenicity, and therapeutic advances
A primer on Helicobacter pylori virulence factors, pathogenicity, gastric conditions that are caused by infection, and treatment modalities. This entry is adapted from the peer-reviewed paper 10.3390/pathogens13050392
  • 589
  • 17 May 2024
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Displacement Micropump with Check Valves for Diabetes Care—The Challenge of Pumping Insulin at Negative Pressure
The displacement micropump with passive check valves is an attractive solution for precise insulin infusion in patients with type I diabetes. Unlike most insulin pumps that push insulin from a cartridge using a piston, a displacement micropump will first pull insulin from the reservoir before infusing it into the patient. This dual sequence introduces new challenges in terms of insulin stability, notably if the reservoir is not pressurized. After an introduction to displacement micropumps and a brief review of the insulin degradation mechanism, micropump design rules are discussed in light of microfluidic theory.
  • 741
  • 14 May 2024
Topic Review
Antiviral Agents from Plant
Antiviral Agents from Plant refers to antiviral drugs derived from plants and plant foods. 
  • 269
  • 13 May 2024
Topic Review
Redefining Vaccine Effectiveness through Lessons from SARS-CoV-2
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have played a pivotal role in reducing the risk of developing severe illness from COVID-19, thus helping end the COVID-19 global public health emergency.  Intriguingly, as SARS-CoV-2 variants emerged, individuals who were fully vaccinated did get infected in high numbers, and viral loads in vaccinated individuals were as high as those in the unvaccinated.  However, vaccines undoubtedly offered protection against severe illness even without conferring immunity in the classical sense.  The lessons learned from anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are a call to the medical community to revisit and redefine the concept of vaccine effectiveness.  This endeavor is likely to increase increase vaccine confidence, and thus bolster global health education efforts and preventive care. 
  • 336
  • 07 May 2024
Topic Review
Markov Modeling of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
This project focuses on utilizing mathematical Markov chain modeling as a stochastic process to analyze the stages of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). ARDS, characterized by a spectrum of severity ranging from floors to death, presents a complex clinical challenge. By employing Markov chain modeling, we aim to provide a structured framework for understanding the dynamic progression of ARDS. Our approach involves constructing a Markov chain that represents the transition of patients through various stages of ARDS, including floors, mild, moderate, severe, and ultimately death. Each stage is associated with specific clinical characteristics and outcomes, forming the basis of our modeling framework. In addition to describing the natural progression of ARDS, our project involves reviewing current clinical guidelines for managing the condition. We propose to examine the impact of each guideline on patient outcomes and the transition through different ARDS stages. By systematically analyzing the effects of various interventions and treatment strategies, we aim to provide insights into optimizing patient care and improving outcomes in ARDS management. Ultimately, this project serves as a comprehensive exploration of ARDS progression, providing healthcare professionals with a valuable framework for thinking about the condition. By integrating mathematical modeling with clinical guidelines, we seek to enhance our understanding of ARDS and contribute to more effective treatment approaches tailored to individual patient needs.
  • 287
  • 06 May 2024
Topic Review
Venous Thromboembolisms (VTEs) in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)
The entry provides a comprehensive overview of Venous Thromboembolisms (VTEs) in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), a significant orthopedic procedure. It begins by highlighting the persistent threat of VTEs despite improvements in surgical techniques and preventive measures. The prevalence and incidence of VTEs are discussed, showcasing a notable decrease over the years. The clinical significance of VTEs, including their impact on patient outcomes and healthcare costs, is emphasized, underscoring the need for effective management strategies. Various risk factors contributing to VTE development post-TKA are explored, including demographic factors, cardiopulmonary status, preoperative mobilization status, and malignancy. The section on prevention outlines existing guidelines and challenges, with a focus on the efficacy and safety of aspirin as a prophylactic agent. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to address VTEs in TKA, encompassing evidence-based guidelines, personalized patient care, and strategies to enhance adherence to preventive measures.
  • 270
  • 30 Apr 2024
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