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Topic Review
Immunomodulatory of Ginseng
Ginseng, a medicinal plant of the genus Panax, boasts a rich historical record of usage that dates back to the Paleolithic period. This botanical is extensively acknowledged and consumed in Eastern countries for its therapeutic properties, and, in Western countries, it is becoming increasingly popular as a remedy for fatigue and asthenia. 
  • 237
  • 22 May 2023
Topic Review
Outcomes of Preeclampsia in Offspring
Preeclampsia is a multisystemic clinical syndrome characterized by the appearance of new-onset hypertension and proteinuria or hypertension and end organ dysfunction even without proteinuria after 20 weeks of pregnancy or postpartum. Residing at the severe end of the spectrum of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preeclampsia occurs in 3 to 8% of pregnancies worldwide and is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, accounting for 8–10% of all preterm births. 
  • 274
  • 22 May 2023
Topic Review
Synaptic Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease
Disruption in the activity of synapses and the loss of synapses are regarded as early events in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease that precede the buildup of Aβ deposits in the brain or the clinical expression of the disease. Synaptic loss is evident by the reduction of synaptic proteins in early Alzheimer’s disease and frank atrophy. The extent of synaptic decline in brains at postmortem has been shown to be associated with cognitive function in persons with early Alzheimer’s disease or mild cognitive impairment. The overstimulation of extra-synaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and the associated synaptic redox stress cause an influx of extracellular calcium, which initiates a series of downstream pathways involving Cdk5/dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), caspases, and p-tau. This culminates in mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and synaptic loss and dysfunction.
  • 252
  • 22 May 2023
Topic Review
Oncometabolites in Peritoneal Cancers and Precision Cancer Medicine
Peritoneal cancers, encompassing both primary peritoneal cancers and secondary peritoneal metastases, present significant clinical challenges due to their aggressive nature and generally poor prognosis. Primary peritoneal cancers, such as peritoneal mesothelioma and primary peritoneal carcinoma, arise directly in the peritoneal cavity, while secondary peritoneal cancers result from the spread of cancer from other organs to the peritoneum. Understanding the role of cancer cell metabolism and cancer-promoting metabolites in peritoneal cancers can provide new insights into the mechanisms that drive tumor progression and can identify novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and treatment response. Cancer cells dynamically reprogram their metabolism to facilitate tumor growth and overcome metabolic stress, with cancer-promoting metabolites such as kynurenine, lactate, and sphingosine-1-phosphate promoting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune evasion.Targeting cancer-promoting metabolites and inhibiting the production or function of these metabolites could disrupt the metabolic pathways that contribute to tumor growth and progression. This approach could also lead to the development of effective combinatorial and adjuvant therapies for peritoneal cancers. With the observed metabolomic heterogeneity in cancer patients, defining peritoneal cancer metabolome and cancer-promoting metabolites holds great promise for improving patient outcomes by enabling personalized treatment approaches based on an individual's metabolic profile.
  • 267
  • 22 May 2023
Biography
Montserrat
My name is Montserrat Fernández-Guarino, I am dermatologist in Madrid, Spain. I have studied medicine and I am specialist, however I have so many more interest. Among the intellectual fields, I am graduated in Psychology, and coursed different master´s degree, in nutrition, medical nutrition in diseases, sports injury rehabilitation and pharmacy office. Summary of the present position: -Staf
  • 581
  • 22 May 2023
Topic Review
Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) represents one of the most common causes of non-ischemic heart failure, characterised by ventricular dilation alongside systolic dysfunction. Despite advances in therapy, DCM mortality rates remain high, and it is one of the leading causes of heart transplantation. Developments in complementary diagnostic procedures, namely cardiac magnetic resonance and genetic testing, have shed new light on DCM understanding and management. 
  • 417
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Role of Oral Microbiome on Oral Cancer
Oral cancer (OC) is the most common neoplasm in the head and neck region. OCs are defined as cancers of the tongue, the floor of the oral cavity, the lining of the cheeks, the roof of the oral cavity, the gums, and the lips but do not include laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers. The majority of OCs comprise oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). The oral microbiome hosts more than 750 common oral species. A healthy microbiome usually consists of Streptococci, Staphylococci, Neisseria species, and about 50 other aerobes. The consensus is that a normal mouth microbiome consists mainly of aerobes, while the percentage of anaerobes increases with OC (and other pathological oral conditions). The connection that exists between microbes and carcinoma is complex and influenced by a number of factors, such as the vulnerability and genetic makeup of the host, as well as environmental conditions, including the host’s dietary regime, oral hygiene, and tobacco and alcohol use.
  • 410
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Contribution of Lactobacillus-Derived Hydrogen Peroxide to Vaginal Health
In the vaginal micro-ecosystem, the primary impact of hydrogen peroxide on living organisms at the cellular level is believed to be predominantly antimicrobial. The control of the growth of specific microbial populations could contribute to the physiological composition of the vaginal microbiota and ensure the dominance of H2O2-producing lactobacilli. There are mainly two types of studies investigating the effects of vaginal H2O2. Epidemiological studies focused on the presence and ratio of H2O2-producing lactobacilli and its possible association with vaginal dysbiosis and/or infection. Experimental studies were of the microbiological type, investigating characteristics and requirements of bacterial H2O2 synthesis in the culture of vagina-derived Lactobacillus species and its effect on other microbial populations. While epidemiological investigations rather support the protective role of hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli in vaginal health, many in vitro studies failed to demonstrate a significant role of H2O2 in maintaining physiological vaginal microbiota composition.
  • 341
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Pharmacological Potential of 3-Benzazepines in NMDAR-Linked Pathophysiological Processes
The number of N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) linked neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia is constantly increasing. This is partly due to demographic change and presents new challenges to societies. To date, there are no effective treatment options. Medications are nonselective and can lead to unwanted side effects in patients. A promising therapeutic approach is the targeted inhibition of NMDARs in the brain. NMDARs containing different subunits and splice variants display different physiological properties and play a crucial role in learning and memory, as well as in inflammatory or injury processes. They become overactivated during the course of the disease, leading to nerve cell death. 
  • 313
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Dental Fiber-Post Systems
The field of dental medicine is constantly evolving and advancing toward minimally invasive techniques. Several studies have demonstrated that bonding to the tooth structure, particularly enamel, yields the most predictable results. In some instances, however, significant tooth loss, pulpal necrosis, or irreversible pulpitis may limit the options available to the restorative dentist. In these cases, placement of a post and core followed by a crown is the preferred treatment option, provided all requirements are met.
  • 585
  • 19 May 2023
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