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Topic Review
Semisolid Drug Products
Due to complex interdependent relationships affecting their microstructure, topical semisolid drug formulations face unique obstacles to the development of generics compared to other drug products.
  • 713
  • 26 May 2021
Topic Review
Pain Management for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Up to 60% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients experience abdominal pain in their lifetime regardless of disease activity. Pain negatively affects different areas of daily life and particularly impacts the quality of life of IBD patients. Despite the optimal management of intestinal inflammation, chronic abdominal pain can persist, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are necessary. Integrating psychological support in care models in IBD could decrease disease burden and health care costs. Consequently, a multidisciplinary approach similar to that used for other chronic pain conditions should be recommended. 
  • 713
  • 05 Aug 2022
Topic Review
(−)-Methyl-Oleocanthal, a New Oleocanthal Metabolite
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses of (−)-methyl-oleocanthal (met-OLE), a new metabolite of the extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenolic oleocanthal (OLE), were explored in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine peritoneal macrophages. Possible signaling pathways and epigenetic modulation of histones were studied. Met-OLE inhibited LPS-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrite (NO) production and decreased the overexpression of the pro-inflammatory enzymes COX-2, mPGES-1 and iNOS in murine macrophages.
  • 713
  • 13 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Renin–Angiotensin-System-Induced Cardiac Remodelling
The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) indicates its central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular remodelling via both hemodynamic alterations and direct growth and the proliferation effects of angiotensin II or aldosterone resulting in the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and inflammatory immune cell activation. 
  • 713
  • 18 May 2021
Topic Review
Dermatophytoses
Dermatophytoses affect about 25% of the world population, and the filamentous fungus Trichophyton rubrum is the main causative agent of this group of diseases. Dermatomycoses are caused by pathogenic fungi that generally trigger superficial infections and that feed on keratinized substrates such as skin, hair, and nails. However, there are an increasing number of reports describing dermatophytes that invade deep layers such as the dermis and hypodermis and that can cause deep infections in diabetic and immunocompromised patients, as well as in individuals with immunodeficiency. Despite the high incidence and importance of dermatophytes in clinical mycology, the diagnosis of this type of infection is not always accurate. The conventional methods most commonly used for mycological diagnosis are based on the identification of microbiological and biochemical features.
  • 713
  • 08 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Paracetamol Intake and Hematologic Malignancies
Hematologic malignancies are a heterogeneous group of diseases of diverse incidence, prognosis, and etiology that cause 1.3 million cases and more than 700,000 deaths every year worldwide. These malignancies show a stable trend in the last decades, but an increased incidence is observed for myeloma in women.
  • 713
  • 21 Jun 2021
Topic Review
SARS-CoV-2 Affect Eyes
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become a worldwide threat resulting in a pandemic in 2020. SARS-CoV-2 infection manifests itself as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that is evidenced in a vast number of either specific or nonspecific symptoms. Except for typical (but nonspecific) symptoms such as fever, dry cough, or muscle weakness, the infected patients might also present atypical symptoms including neurological, dermatological, or ophthalmic manifestations.
  • 714
  • 20 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Hybrid Systems for Tissue Engineering
Biomimetic Hybrid Systems for Tissue Engineering: New Materials and Fabrication Techniques. Tissue engineering approaches appear nowadays highly promising for the regeneration of injured/diseased tissues. Biomimetic scaffolds are continuously been developed to act as structural support for cell growth and proliferation as well as for the delivery of cells able to be differentiated, and also of bioactive molecules like growth factors and even signaling cues. The current research concerns materials employed to develop biological scaffolds with improved features as well as complex preparation techniques. In this work, hybrid systems based on natural polymers are discussed and the efforts focused to provide new polymers able to mimic proteins and DNA are extensively explained.
  • 713
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma
Escaping the immune system is the main characteristic of a tumor cell. In order to limit the anarchic proliferation of cancer cells, chemotherapies are often used in tumors that have no specific treatment yet, such as AITL. These therapies are proposed to limit the proliferation of dividing cells, i.e., healthy cells as well as tumor cells. This explains the poor benefits of such treatment and the major risk of relapse or even the absence of signs of remission. Importantly, targeting a specific cancer cell type without inducing an effect on healthy cells requires an in-depth knowledge of its phenotype and its surface markers, which can serve as an asset for the development of specific therapies, in particular immunotherapies. If some healthy cells are affected, it is called on-target off-target effects because certain cancer epitopes are partially expressed on non-malignant cells. These therapies include, for example, monoclonal antibodies and chimeric antigen receptors. 
  • 712
  • 25 May 2022
Topic Review
Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an extremely rare tumour, which usually affects elderly males and presents in the skin with frequent involvement of the bone-marrow, peripheral blood and lymph nodes. It has a dismal prognosis, with most patients dying within one year when treated by conventional chemotherapies. The diagnosis is challenging, since neoplastic cells can resemble lymphoblasts or small immunoblasts, and require the use of a large panel of antibodies, including those against CD4, CD56, CD123, CD303, TCL1, and TCF4. The morphologic and in part phenotypic ambiguity explains the uncertainties as to the histogenesis of the neoplasm that led to the use of various denominations. 
  • 712
  • 28 Sep 2021
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