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Topic Review
Deep Brain Stimulation
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an invasive but established neurosurgical procedure that involves the implantation of one or more electrodes into a targeted brain area, an implantable pulse generator (IPG), and an extension connecting the electrode to the IPG. The IPG contains the battery and circuitry, which generate the electrical signal that is delivered to the targeted brain structure. The DBS system allows for the delivery of electrical pulses to specific areas of the brain with minimal effects on nearby regions.
  • 518
  • 19 Jun 2023
Topic Review
The Dual Role of Oxidants in Male (In)fertility
The role of oxidative stress (OS) in male infertility as a primary etiology and/or concomitant cause in other situations, such as inflammation, varicocele and gonadotoxin effects, is well documented. While reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in many important roles, from spermatogenesis to fertilization, epigenetic mechanisms which are transmissible to offspring have also been described.
  • 430
  • 19 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Human Papillomavirus Status and the Cervicovaginal Microbiome
 Uterine cervical cancer (CC) is a complex, multistep disease primarily linked to persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). However, it is widely acknowledged that HR-HPV infection alone cannot account for the formation and progression of CC. Emerging evidence suggests that the cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) also plays a significant role in HPVrelated CC. Certain bacteria, such as Fusobacterium spp., Porphyromonas, Prevotella, and Campylobacter, are currently being considered as potential microbiomarkers for HPV-positive CC. However, the composition of the CVM in CC is inconsistent; thus, further studies are needed. This review comprehensively discusses the complex interplay between HPV and the CVM in cervical carcinogenesis. It is postulated that the dynamic interaction between HPV and the CVM creates an imbalanced cervicovaginal microenvironment that triggers dysbiosis, enhances HPV persistence, and promotes cervical carcinogenesis. Moreover, this review aims to provide updated evidence on the potential role of bacteriotherapy, particularly probiotics, in the treatment of CC
  • 508
  • 18 Jun 2023
Biography
Hongguang Nie
Hongguang Nie, female, professor and doctoral supervisor of the Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University. Chairman of the Professional Committee of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative medicine, Liaoning Society of Cell Biology; Committee Member of the Stem Cell and Immunology Professional Committee of Liaoning Immunological Society; High le
  • 437
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Non-Vesicular Release of Alarmin Prothymosin α Complex
Nuclear protein prothymosin α (ProTα) is a unique member of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)/alarmins. ProTα prevents neuronal necrosis by causing a cell death mode switch in serum-starving or ischemic/reperfusion models in vitro and in vivo. The ANXA2 flop-out-type non-vesicular release of ProTα is a unique mechanism and, it looks distinct from known mechanisms through the membrane pores made of gasdermin D (GSDMD) and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) pores.
  • 374
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Current Diagnostic Methods of Gut Microbiota
The human gut microbiota include over 10 trillion microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa. In the past, the gut microbiome was analyzed using isolation and culture.
  • 289
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin on Muscle Health
Sarcopenia is the progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and functions as we age. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is underlined by oxidative stress and inflammation. As such, it is reasonable to suggest that a natural compound with both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities could prevent sarcopenia. Curcumin, a natural compound derived from turmeric with both properties, could benefit muscle health.
  • 378
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Next-Generation Sequencing and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The history of DNA and RNA sequencing methods has undergone a remarkable evolution in the last 15 years with the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. These high-throughput methods have improved our knowledge of molecular biology by sequencing large genomes on a large scale. Although the term “next generation” suggests a homogeneous group of new generation methods, NGS techniques are characterized by continuous improvements and advancements.
  • 310
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Pathogenesis of Adenomyosis and Endometriosis
Both endometriosis and adenomyosis are often referred to as “enigmatic diseases” since understanding their pathogenesis remains elusive. Both endometriosis and adenomyosis are relatively common among women of reproductive age and are leading causes of pelvic pain, infertility, and menstrual disorders. They impact negatively on patients’ quality of life, productivity, and well-being. Endometriosis, and perhaps adenomyosis as well, entails a heavy economic burden to society as a whole. 
  • 503
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Herbal Plants for Epidemics and Pandemics
With over 6 million coronavirus pandemic deaths, the African continent reported the lowest death rate despite having a high disease burden. The African community’s resilience to the pandemic has been attributed to climate and weather conditions, herd immunity, repeated exposure to infectious organisms that help stimulate the immune system, and a disproportionately large youth population. In addition, functional foods, herbal remedies, and dietary supplements contain micronutrients and bioactive compounds that can help boost the immune system. 
  • 337
  • 16 Jun 2023
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