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Topic Review
Therapeutic Antibodies Targeting Glycosylation
We generated a platform for designing optimized functional therapeutic antibodies against cancer glycans. The target tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen is commonly expressed in colon and pancreatic cancers. We developed a system for selection of potent antibodies by yeast surface display against this carbohydrate antigen, then showed that elite clones have potent affinity, specificity, cancer cell binding, and therapeutic efficacy. These tools have broad utility for manipulating and engineering antibodies against carbohydrate antigens, and provide major innovative avenues of research in the field of cancer therapy and diagnostics.
  • 1.0K
  • 20 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Huntington’s Disease
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by pathogenic expansions of the triplet cytosine-adenosine-guanosine (CAG) within the Huntingtin gene. These expansions lead to a prolongation of the poly-glutamine stretch at the N-terminus of Huntingtin causing protein misfolding and aggregation. Huntingtin and its pathological variants are widely expressed, but the central nervous system is mainly a ected, as proved by the wide spectrum of neurological symptoms, including behavioral anomalies, cognitive decline and motor disorders. Other hallmarks of HD are loss of body weight and muscle atrophy. This review highlights some key elements that likely provide a major contribution to muscle atrophy, namely, alteration of the transcriptional processes, mitochondrial dysfunction, which is strictly correlated to loss of energy homeostasis, inflammation, apoptosis and defects in the processes responsible for the protein quality control. The improvement of muscular symptoms has proven to slow the disease progression and extend the life span of animal models of HD, underlining the importance of a deep comprehension of the molecular mechanisms driving deterioration of muscular tissue.
  • 1.0K
  • 24 Nov 2020
Topic Review
PPIs' Drug Dosage Forms Development - Formulation Challenges
Proton Pump Inhibitors, also known as PPIs, belong to a group of antisecretory drugs. Since their introduction to pharmacotherapy, PPIs have been widely used in the treatment of numerous diseases manifested by excessive secretion of gastric acid. There are still unmet needs regarding their availability for patients of all age groups. Their poor stability hinders the development of formulations in which dose can be easily adjusted.
  • 1.0K
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Dietary Iron
Iron (Fe) is a biochemical microelement important for the health of the population and Fe is necessary for the fetus and all stages of growth individuals. Fe is an essential mineral necessary for delivering oxygen to tissue throughout the body as well as serving important roles in metabolism, respiration, and immune function.  Due to the importance of maintaining Fe stores, even Fe intake meets the recommended daily allowance (RDA), Fe supplementation may be justified, in states of Fe deficiency, with or without anemia, female in particular. The recommended oral Fe supplements are the first line of treatment, however, the bioavailability oral galenic forms is very low and have side effects that reduce tolerance and adherence to treatment.  Thus, a pharmaceutics strategy is to improve the bioavailability of Fe with a bioavailability enhancer.  Some studies indicate that the concomitant use of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B9 (folic acid), vitamin B12 (cobalamin) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) increases the bioavailability and absorption of Fe in the intestinal tract.
  • 1.0K
  • 10 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Phytochemical Compounds
Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites found in plants. They can be found in high amounts in diet due to their presence in fruits, vegetables, cereals, chocolate, and beverages such as, coffee, tea, beer, cider, and wine.
  • 1.0K
  • 04 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Application of Silver in Medicine and Pharmacy
In the context of the growing resistance of microorganisms to available, widely used antibiotics, silver plays a key role. There is only one known case of bacterial resistance to silver—the Pseudomonas stutzeri strain, which naturally occurs in silver mines. The development of research in the field of coordination chemistry offers great opportunities in the design of new substances in which silver ions can be incorporated. 
  • 1.0K
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Antidiabetic Properties of Curcumin II
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Current preventative and treatment approaches to insulin resistance and T2DM lack in efficacy, resulting in the need for new approaches to prevent and treat the disease. In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that diets rich in fruits and vegetables have beneficial health effects, including protection against insulin resistance and T2DM. Curcumin, a polyphenol found in turmeric, and curcuminoids have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic properties. Here we are summarizing the existing in vivo studies examining the antidiabetic effects of curcumin.
  • 1.0K
  • 29 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Natural-Drugs-Based Low-Molecular-Weight Supramolecular Gels
The utilization of paclitaxel, camptothecin, rhein, curcumin, and other natural small molecular drugs with unique rigid backbone structures and modifiable multiple sites as building blocks to form gels by self-assembly has attracted widespread attention. The obtained low-molecular-weight supramolecular gel not only retains the general characteristics of the gel but also overcomes the shortcomings of natural drugs, such as poor water solubility and low bioavailability.
  • 1.0K
  • 12 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Tolerogenic Vaccines to Induce Antigen-Specific Tolerance
Conventional therapies for immune-mediated diseases, including autoimmune disorders, transplant reactions, and allergies, have undergone a radical evolution in the last few decades; however, they are still not specific enough to avoid widespread immunosuppression. The idea that vaccine usage could be extended beyond its traditional immunogenic function by encompassing the ability of vaccines to induce antigen-specific tolerance may revolutionize preventive and therapeutic strategies in several clinical fields that deal with immune-mediated disorders. 
  • 1.0K
  • 22 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Pathophysiology and Clinical Assessment of DFI
In the past 30 years, diabetic foot infections (DFI) have become increasingly prevalent due to the rising incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Twenty percent of diabetes-related hospital admissions in the U.S. are from DFI, which is typically introduced by direct inoculation through a traumatic entry site in an insensate foot.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Dec 2021
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