Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Risk Factors and Cellular Differences in Heart Failure
Patients with heart failure are conventionally stratified into phenotypic groups based on their ejection fraction. The aim of this stratification is to improve disease management with a more targeted therapeutic approach. A further subdivision based on patient gender is justified. It is recognized that women are underrepresented in randomized controlled clinical trials, resulting in limited clinical and molecular differentiation between males and females. However, many observational studies show that the onset, development, and clinical course of the disease may substantially differ between the two sexes. 
  • 132
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Advance in Osteosarcoma Cells and Models
Osteosarcoma (OS) is not a uniform mass of cancer cells, but a complex, organ-like structure with diverse cell types influenced by various environmental factors. An individual with OS is subject to a multitude of complex biological, structural, mechanical, and soluble factors that may affect the effectiveness of potential therapeutics. Tumor-associated cells typically located in the vicinity of cancer cells include fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. Structural factors include the architecture of the tumor itself (three-dimensionality), with the spherical nature of cell-to-cell interactions and the presence of extracellular matrix (ECM) key features. In addition, the mechanical forces applied by the surrounding microenvironment are important to tumor dynamics. Soluble factors may include gradients of chemicals, such as nutrients and gases, e.g., glucose and oxygen. Accordingly, the need for a more comprehensive range of OS models that precisely simulate this multifaceted tumor microenvironment is imperative for propelling advancements in drug discovery. 
  • 394
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Dedifferentiated Endometrial Carcinoma
In a neoplasm, dedifferentiation is characterised by the presence of a high-grade neoplasm which can occur de novo, be juxtaposed to, or arise as a recurrence of a previously well-differentiated tumour. Usually, this occurrence results in mesenchymal neoplasms. In epithelial malignant neoplasms, dedifferentiation has been observed in salivary gland carcinomas including adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, myoepithelial carcinoma, and acinic cell carcinoma. In addition, dedifferentiated carcinomas have been reported in the pancreas and in the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. In the female genital tract, dedifferentiated carcinoma have been described in the endometrium and ovary. Histologically, this entity is characterised by both low-grade endometrioid carcinoma and a solid undifferentiated component.
  • 190
  • 26 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Front-Polar Area
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technique that applies a weak current to the scalp to modulate neuronal excitability by stimulating the cerebral cortex. The technique can produce either somatic depolarization (anodal stimulation) or somatic hyperpolarization (cathodal stimulation), based on the polarity of the current used by noninvasively stimulating the cerebral cortex with a weak current from the scalp, making it a NIBS technique that can modulate neuronal excitability. Thus, tDCS has emerged as a hopeful clinical neuro-rehabilitation treatment strategy. This method has a broad range of potential uses in rehabilitation medicine for neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). 
  • 155
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Fungal–Fungal Co-Culture for Discovery of New Secondary Metabolites
Fungi are an important and prolific source of secondary metabolites (SMs) with diverse chemical structures and a wide array of biological properties. Fungal–fungal co-culture is the major source of new SMs and consists of two types including liquid state fermentation (LSF) and solid state fermentation (SSF). Potato dextrose broth (PDB) and rice are the most common co-culture media for fungal LSF and SSF, respectively.
  • 344
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Feedback Devices for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
The application of feedback devices for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can effectively enhance the quality of life-saving treatment during CPR. 
  • 183
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Therapeutic Anticoagulation in COVID-19
Thrombotic complications from COVID-19 are now well known and contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. Different variants confer varying risks of thrombotic complications. Heparin has anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Due to its non-anticoagulant effects, escalated-dose anticoagulation, especially therapeutic-dose heparin, has been studied for thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
  • 322
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
ApiAP2 Transcription Factors as Malaria Control Drug Targets
The complex life cycle of the malaria parasite Plasmodium requires the parasite to adequately adapt to different conditions. For this reason, Plasmodium strictly controls its gene expression, and given its evolutionary distance from the human host, the involved factors may figure as attractive potential drug targets. In recent years, several unique transcription factors and chromatin modifiers have been identified and partially characterized in Plasmodium falciparum and in the murine species P. yoelii and P. berghei. Due to their structural differences compared with human factors, they may be attractive drug targets. 
  • 236
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy for Lichen Sclerosus
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis mostly localized in the genital area, characterized by vulvar alterations that can severely impact a patient’s quality of life. Current treatment modalities often provide incomplete relief, and there is a need for innovative approaches to manage this condition effectively. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as potential regenerative therapies for LS, offering promising results in clinical practice.
  • 413
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) is reserved for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients who are not suitable candidates for conventional radiation therapy and should not be considered as a first line of treatment option and as a boost. 
  • 183
  • 23 Nov 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 1352
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback