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Topic Review
Epithelioid Haemangioendothelioma
Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an ultra-rare malignant vascular tumour with a prevalence of 1 per 1,000,000. It develops from endothelial cells, which are the cells that line all blood vessels in the body. Therefore, it typically expresses endothelial cell markers. It can also be identified through analysis of the genes. Two genes, WWTR1 and CAMTA1, are broken and fused together in 90% of cases. Alternatively, in approximately 10% of cases, the genes that are broken and fused together are YAP1 and TFE3. 
  • 258
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of COVID-19
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have considerable potential because they can mitigate inflammation, modulate immune responses, and promote tissue regeneration. Accumulating evidence underscores the efficacy and safety of MSCs in treating severe COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Nonetheless, critical aspects, such as optimal routes of MSC administration, appropriate dosage, treatment intervals, management of extrapulmonary complications, and potential pediatric applications, warrant further exploration. 
  • 168
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Harnessing Immune Response in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal disease characterized by a broad spectrum of cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities that influence clinical outcomes. Despite the results achieved with the evolution of conventional chemotherapy and the inclusion of targeted therapies in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), survival is still not satisfying, in particular in the setting of relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease or elderly/unfit patients. Among the most innovative therapeutic options, cellular therapy has shown great results in different hematological malignancies such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphomas, with several products already approved for clinical use. 
  • 166
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Multiplexed Antibody-Based Spatial Imaging Technologies in NSCLC
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, despite significant advances made in its treatment using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) over the last decade; while a minority experience prolonged responses with ICIs, benefit is limited for most patients. The development of multiplexed antibody-based (MAB) spatial tissue imaging technologies has revolutionised analysis of the tumour microenvironment (TME), enabling identification of a wide range of cell types and subtypes, and analysis of the spatial relationships and interactions between them. Such study has the potential to translate into a greater understanding of treatment susceptibility and resistance, factors influencing prognosis and recurrence risk, and identification of novel therapeutic approaches and rational treatment combinations to improve patient outcomes in the clinic. 
  • 166
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Liposome-Derived Nanosystems  for Increased Brain Drug Bioavailability
Niosomes, transfersomes, and ethosomes are nanometric vesicular structures that allow drug encapsulation, protecting them from degradation, and increasing their solubility, permeability, brain targeting, and bioavailability.
  • 186
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Lysinuric Protein Intolerance in Pregnancy
Lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) is a rare inborn error of metabolism (IEM), classified as an inherited aminoaciduria, caused by mutations in the SLC7A7 gene, leading to a defective cationic amino acid transport. The metabolic adaptations to the demands of pregnancy and delivery cause significant physiological stress, so those patients affected by IEM are at greater risk of decompensation.
  • 324
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Cosmetic Properties of Plant Extract-Derived Carbon Dots
Plant extract-derived carbon dots (C-dots) have emerged as promising components for sustainability and natural inspiration to meet consumer demands. Plant extract-derived C-dots offer distinct advantages over conventional synthetic materials by taking advantage of the inherent properties of plants, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and UV protective properties. 
  • 236
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Nutraceuticals and Diet for Primary Headaches
Headache disorders are a significant global health burden, leading to reduced quality of life. Nutraceuticals are defined as any substance that is a food or part if a food and provides medical or health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease. Although evidence of the efficacy of many products remains debatable, their use is widespread.
  • 273
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Transcriptomic Analysis in Heart Failure
Heart failure constitutes a clinical complex syndrome with different symptomatic characteristics depending on age, sex, race and ethnicity, among others, which has become a major public health issue with an increasing prevalence. One of the most interesting tools seeking to improve prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this pathology has focused on finding new molecular biomarkers since heart failure relies on deficient cardiac homeostasis, which is regulated by a strict gene expression. Therefore, currently, analyses of non-coding RNA transcriptomics have been oriented towards human samples. 
  • 132
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Herbal Treatments for Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is a complex disease for which pharmacological treatment does not guarantee success or cure. Plants possess phytochemical components with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, mainly coumarins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. Several studies have demonstrated that bioactive compounds from plants can exert anti-tumor activity through various signaling pathways, such as apoptosis, autophagy, modification of the tumor microenvironment, cell arrest, and the suppression of angiogenesis.
  • 223
  • 13 Oct 2023
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