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Topic Review
Microbiomics in Carcinogenesis
The microbiota–gut–brain axis consists of the brain, glands, gut, immune cells, and gastrointestinal microbiota. Both the central and enteric nervous systems regulate the communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain and apart from the nervous system, it is also regulated through hormones and immunological signalling. Multiple lines of evidence confirm the existence of the gut–brain axis.
  • 272
  • 27 Oct 2021
Topic Review
VAV Proteins
The VAV GEF family has been traditionally linked to protumorigenic actions in cancer. This idea was reinforced by the use of both cancer cell lines and mouse models demonstrating the proactive role of VAV proteins in the development of different types of tumors, such as skin and breast cancer. However, given the presence of structural domains that facilitate the interaction with a large number of protein partners and the particular features of some of the VAV-dependent pathways, it is conceivable that VAV proteins might antagonize cell transformation in certain in vivo contexts.
  • 473
  • 27 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Mitochondria in Maturation of Cardiomyocytes
Cardiomyocytes obtained from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs)differentiation culture are regarded as immature structurally, electrophysiologically, metabolically, and functionally. Mitochondria are organelles responsible for various cellular functions such as energy metabolism, different catabolic and anabolic processes, calcium fluxes, and various signaling pathways. Cells can respond to cellular needs to increase the mitochondrial mass by mitochondrial biogenesis. On the other hand, cells can also degrade mitochondria through mitophagy. Mitochondria are also dynamic organelles that undergo continuous fusion and fission events. 
  • 383
  • 26 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Antioxidant Capacity of Seminal Plasma
The total antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma is a very common way of presenting the antioxidant capabilities of the seminal plasma. This term is used to evaluate the total ability of a fluid to scavenge free radicals in solution. In general, fertile men have seminal plasma with a higher total antioxidant capacity than that of infertile patients.
  • 1.5K
  • 26 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Cofilin and Actin Dynamics
Proteins of the actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family are ubiquitous among eukaryotes and are essential regulators of actin dynamics and function. Mammalian neurons express cofilin-1 as the major isoform, but ADF and cofilin-2 are also expressed. All isoforms bind preferentially and cooperatively along ADP-subunits in F-actin, affecting the filament helical rotation, and when either alone or when enhanced by other proteins, promotes filament severing and subunit turnover.
  • 1.2K
  • 25 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Bell Peppers (Capsicum annum L.)
The bell pepper is highly consumed worldwide due to its exotic colors (green, red, yellow, orange, and purple), flavor, and nutritional value. However, after processing bell pepper products, waste remains (seeds, peel, stem, and leaves), representing desirable raw material to obtain phytochemical compounds. They contain diverse bioactive compounds with interesting biological activities (in vivo and in vitro) and applications.
  • 3.8K
  • 22 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Mechanosensitive Ion Channels
Mechanosensitive ion channels mediate the neuronal sensation of mechanical signals such as sound, touch, and pain.
  • 650
  • 21 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Human Neuroblastoma Cell
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common childhood solid tumors and develops from neural stem cells that normally comprise the embryonic structure termed the neural crest. Human neuroblastoma cell lines have special properties as they exhibit cell growth and are induced to become mature neurons by drugs such as retinoid.
  • 662
  • 21 Oct 2021
Topic Review
GPR15 in Vascular Tissue
GPR15 as a member of the Class A (rhodopsin) orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family  has been recently deorphanized by identification of two endogenous receptor-activating ligands in human. Interestingly, in vascular tissue they interact apparently with different cell types. While one ligand triggers a cytoprotective effect on endothelial cells from the luminal site of vessels, the other ligand is rather responsible for the homing of GPR15-expressing lymphocytes into the colon. Thus, in addition to the role of GPR15 as a co-receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or to the expansion of GPR15-expressing lymphocytes in blood by chronic smoking this review will summarize findings to the role of GPR15 for vascular tissue based on new described receptor-ligand interactions.
  • 438
  • 21 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Calcium Signaling and Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity
The intermyofibrillar mitochondria constitute the majority of the three-mitochondrial subpopulations in the cardiac myocyte. They are also considered to be the most important in terms of their ability to participate in calcium and cellular signaling, which are critical for the regulation of mitochondrial function and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. 
  • 635
  • 20 Oct 2021
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