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Topic Review
Heterogeneous Catalysts in the Reductive Amination of Alcohols
The synthesis of primary amines via the reductive amination of alcohols involves a hydrogen-borrowing or hydrogen-transfer mechanism, which consists of three main steps: alcohol hydroxyl dehydrogenation, carbonyl imidization, and imine hydrogenation. Heterogeneous catalysts are widely used for this reaction because of their high performance and amenability to separation and reuse.
  • 265
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis of Arylcyanomethylenequinone Oximes
Quinone methides are a class of biologically active compounds that can be used in medicine as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents. In addition, quinone methides have the potential to be used as pesticides, dyes, and additives for rubber and plastics.
  • 163
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Chemistry of Hypecoum Alkaloids
Genus Hypecoum Tourn. ex L. belongs to the poppy family Papaveraceae and comprises about 19 species occurring in Europe, Northern Africa and Asia. Hypecoum species have been widely used in traditional medicine as antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory remedies. The effects are associated with the biologically and pharmacologically active isoquinoline alkaloids in them such as protopines, protoberberines, benzophenanthridines, aporphines, simple isoquinolines, secoberbines, spirobenzylisoquinolines and others. 
  • 156
  • 09 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis of Squaraine Dyes
Squaraine dye is a popular class of contrast near-infrared (NIR) dyes. Squaraine dyes have shown the ability to be modified with various heterocycles. The indole moiety is the most notable heterocycle incorporated in squaraine dyes.
  • 410
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Classification of Various Ligands
Enantioselective gold catalysis has flourished due to its distinct performance. In particular, a series of valuable chiral ligands have been identified, including aryl phosphine ligands bearing the proximal chiral sulfinamide motif, phosphoramidite and phosphonite ligands, phosphine ligands comprising the ferrocene scaffold, bifunctional phosphine ligands, biphosphine ligands, chiral counterion-based ligands derived from chiral phosphoric acids and chiral carbene ligands for gold(I) catalysis, along with unique ligand frameworks for cyclometalated gold(III) catalysis. 
  • 299
  • 25 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Photodynamic Therapy against Cancer
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is based on the initial absorption of light by the photosensitizer (PS) and the subsequent direct and oxygen-mediated reactions with the cell membrane and cytoplasmic cell components.
  • 246
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Mechanism of Removal of Heavy Metals by NF
Nanofiltration is a type of membrane filtration that employs a semi-permeable membrane. Unlike other types of membrane filtration systems, nanofiltration membranes have pore sizes of less than 10 nm.
  • 153
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Organic Fouling Influencing Factors in Membrane Separation Processes
Organic matter such as raw wastewater organic matter (WOM), effluent organic matter (EOM), and natural organic matter (NOM) can contribute to membrane fouling in membrane separation processes. These organic compounds can include proteins, lipids, amino acids, polysaccharides, colloidal particles, humic and folic acids, and other complex organic molecules. These compounds can accumulate on the membrane surface or inside pores, leading to fouling. The accumulation of organic matter on the membrane surface can also lead to the formation of a biofilm, which can further exacerbate fouling and reduce the efficiency of the membrane separation process.
  • 103
  • 20 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Biological Activity of Flavones, Flavonols, and Aurones
Flavonoids are a widely distributed group of natural polyphenolic compounds that are found in plants usually in glycosylated form and have been shown to possess a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer properties, making them an attractive target for synthesis and further research.
  • 468
  • 12 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Phytocannabinoids, Endocannabinoids and Synthetic Cannabinoids
Generally, the term ‘cannabinoids’ refers to a heterogeneous family of compounds that exhibit activity upon particular human cannabinoid receptors, namely CB1 and CB2. They encompass the natural compounds present in the Cannabis plants, lipid mediators called ECs naturally produced by human cells, as well as by all vertebrates on planet Earth, and the synthetic analogs of both groups designed by scientist, called SCs.
  • 313
  • 01 Sep 2023
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