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Topic Review
Graphene
Graphene is the new generation material, which finds potential and practical applications in a vast range of research areas. It has unrivalled characteristics, chiefly in terms of electronic conductivity, mechanical robustness and large surface area, which allow the attainment of outstanding performances in many fields of materials science.
  • 1.3K
  • 09 Oct 2020
Topic Review
From CO2 to Value-Added Products
The global warming and the dangerous climate change arising from the massive emission of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels have motivated the search for alternative clean and sustainable energy sources. However, the industrial development and population necessities make the decoupling of economic growth from fossil fuels unimaginable and, consequently, the capture and conversion of CO2 to fuels seems to be, nowadays, one of the most promising and attractive solutions in a world with high energy demand. In this respect, the electrochemical CO2 conversion using renewable electricity provides a promising solution. However, faradaic efficiency of common electro-catalysts is low, and therefore, the design of highly selective, energy-efficient, and cost-effective electrocatalysts is critical. Carbon-based materials present some advantages such as relatively low cost and renewability, excellent electrical conductivity, and tunable textural and chemical surface, which show them as competitive materials for the electro-reduction of CO2.
  • 1.2K
  • 23 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Structure and Reaction Mechanism of Li-CO2 Batteries
A typical type of Li–CO2 battery consists of a porous cathode, electrolyte (liquid, solid), and lithium metal anode.
  • 1.2K
  • 22 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Enhancing Lithium-Manganese Oxide Electrochemical Behavior
Lithium manganese oxide is regarded as a capable cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, but it suffers from relative low conductivity, manganese dissolution in electrolyte and structural distortion from cubic to tetragonal during elevated temperature tests. 
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Chitosan-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Pharmaceuticals Detection
This research explores advances in the detection and quantification of pharmaceutical substances, with a focus on the development of high-performance electrochemical sensors, particularly those based on chitosan, to address the need for sensitive and selective detection techniques in various applications.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Screen-Printed Electrodes as Transducers
In the last decades, sensors based on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) have gained increasing importance because of their advantageous characteristics, such as low-cost, disposability, ease of use and portability, which allow fast analysis in point-of-need scenarios. The main characteristics of SPEs as electrochemical transducers for biosensors are described below.
  • 1.0K
  • 13 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Metal-Free Carbon-Based Supercapacitors-A Comprehensive Review
This state-of-the-art entry aims to highlight  advances in metal-free carbon-based supercapacitors over the last 20 years. Author discuss the various types of carbons (without metals) used (activated, nanoforms of carbon, and doped carbons) as well as key parameters in supercapacitor performance such as surface area, porosity, and functional groups.
  • 996
  • 18 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Catalytic Cathodes for Na-CO2 Batteries
Na-CO2 batteries with high energy density are drawing tremendous attention because of their advantages of combining cost-effective energy conversion and storage with CO2 clean recycle and utilization. Nevertheless, their commercial applications are impeded by unsatisfactory electrochemical performance including large overpotentials, poor rate capability, fast capacity deterioration, and inferior durability, which mainly results from the inefficient electrocatalysts of cathode materials. 
  • 986
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Control-Based 4D Printing
Building on the recent progress of four-dimensional (4D) printing to produce dynamic structures, this study aimed to bring this technology to the next level by introducing control-based 4D printing to develop adaptive 4D-printed systems with highly versatile multi-disciplinary applications, including medicine, in the form of assisted soft robots, smart textiles as wearable electronics and other industries such as agriculture and microfluidics. This study introduced and analyzed adaptive 4D-printed systems with an advanced manufacturing approach for developing stimuli-responsive constructs that organically adapted to environmental dynamic situations and uncertainties as nature does. The adaptive 4D-printed systems incorporated synergic integration of three-dimensional (3D)-printed sensors into 4D-printing and control units, which could be assembled and programmed to transform their shapes based on the assigned tasks and environmental stimuli. This paper demonstrates the adaptivity of these systems via a combination of proprioceptive sensory feedback, modeling and controllers, as well as the challenges and future opportunities they present.
  • 953
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Fundamentals of the Electroreduction of CO2
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the main greenhouse gases and the major factor driving global climate change. From the viewpoint of abundance, economics, non-toxicity, and renewability, CO2 is an ideal and significant C1 resource, and its capture and recycling into fuels and chemical feedstocks using renewable energy is of great significance for the sustainable development of society. Electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RRs) are an important pathway to utilize CO2 resources. Zinc has been demonstrated as an effective catalyst for CO2RRs.
  • 946
  • 17 Apr 2023
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