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Topic Review
Battery Specifications
Batteries are the heart and the bottleneck of portable electronic systems. They power electronics and determine the system run time, with the size and volume determining factors in their design and implementation. Understanding the material properties of the battery components—anode, cathode, electrolyte, and separator—and their interaction is necessary to establish selection criteria based on their correlations with the battery metrics: capacity, current density, and cycle life. 
  • 3.9K
  • 07 Sep 2022
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Reference Electrodes
A reference electrode is a half-cell (an electrode) with a stable, well-defined and highly reproducible electrode potential. A vast number of electrodes have been developed for different applications. They are briefly presented. For the common types, the advantages and drawbacks are discussed. Practical hints for daily use are provided.
  • 3.0K
  • 04 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Application of PEDOT
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is a highly important and attractive conducting polymer as well as commercially available in organic electronics, including electrochemical and electronic chemosensors, due to its unique features such as excellent solution-fabrication capability and miscibility, high and controllable conductivity, excellent chemical and electrochemical stability, good optical transparency and biocompatibility.
  • 2.5K
  • 26 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Electrode Passivation
The main reason for electrode passivation is adsorption/deposition of a passivating compound on working electrode surface. The most pronounced consequences are the decrease of the rate of electrode reaction resulting in the shift of half-wave or peak potential to more negative (in the case of cathodic reaction) or to more positive (in the case of anodic reaction) potentials and in the decrease of peak current, which is especially in the case of pulsed technique influenced by this rate. 
  • 2.2K
  • 22 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Advances in Electrochemical Glucose Sensing
The detection of glucose is crucial in the management of diabetes and other medical conditions but also crucial in a wide range of industries such as food and beverages. The development of glucose sensors in the past century has allowed diabetic patients to effectively manage their disease and has saved lives. First-generation glucose sensors have considerable limitations in sensitivity and selectivity which has spurred the development of more advanced approaches for both the medical and industrial sectors.
  • 2.1K
  • 21 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Electrochemical Glucose Sensing
The research field of glucose biosensing has shown remarkable growth and development since the first reported enzyme electrode in 1962. Extensive research on various immobilization methods and the improvement of electron transfer efficiency between the enzyme and the electrode have led to the development of various sensing platforms that have been constantly evolving with the invention of advanced nanostructures and their nano-composites. Examples of such nanomaterials or composites include gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, carbon/graphene quantum dots and chitosan hydrogel composites, all of which have been exploited due to their contributions as components of a biosensor either for improving the immobilization process or for their electrocatalytic activity towards glucose. This review aims to summarize the evolution of the biosensing aspect of these glucose sensors in terms of the various generations and recent trends based on the use of applied nanostructures for glucose detection in the presence and absence of the enzyme.
  • 2.1K
  • 13 Nov 2020
Topic Review
The beautiful world of biosensors
The biosensors have important role in science of chemical analysis in the field of electrochemical methods. Their application in rapid detection of toxins in types, we consume in our daily lives, is particularly useful for public health. The main characteristics of evaluation of biosensors is the high sensitivity, high selectivity, the quick response and the reusability. Analysis of the real samples need additionally a method of evaluating the rate of recovery that is the fractional difference of signal between real and simulated samples. The advantages of the use of biosensors are part of the easy construction, portability and low cost. The provision of analytical results of biosensors is similar to that of other far more expensive methods of instrumental chemical analysis.
  • 2.0K
  • 29 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO): An Overview
Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is an inorganic garnet type solid electrolyte which has proven to be one of the most promising electrolytes because of its high ionic conductivity at room temperature, low activation energy, good chemical and electrochemical stability, and wide potential window.
  • 2.0K
  • 03 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Corrosion Cracking in Palladium
Cathodic corrosion is evidenced by the formation of transient complexes of palladium. It is obvious to see a peak of palladium transient by cyclic voltammetry for different amounts of deposited hydrogen expressed as a current during back-diffusion. Therefore, in the part located at the surface of electrolyte, drastic structural changes lead to loss of cohesion and cracking. The objective of this project is to take into account the mechanical constraints formed by diffusion of hydrogen or isotope and the cathodic corrosion produced by formation of superficial hydride transients, both responsible of destruction of palladium or alloyed cathode. To know the origin of these, it was necessary to discriminating the damaging effects encountered.
  • 1.8K
  • 02 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Metal Nanoclusters
Metal nanoclusters (NCs), comprising only a few to roughly hundreds of metal atoms, have a metal core-protective agent shell structure. Owing to the size of metal NCs approaching the Fermi wavelength of electrons, the spatial confinement of free electrons in metal NCs generates discrete electronic transitions, thereby exhibiting intriguing molecular-like properties. Therefore, metal NCs are deemed to bridge the gap between molecules and nanoparticles.
  • 1.8K
  • 01 Dec 2020
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