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Topic Review
Applications of QDs in ECL Biosensing
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is the chemiluminescence triggered by electrochemical reactions. Due to the unique excitation mode and inherent low background, ECL has been a powerful analytical technique to be widely used in biosensing and imaging. As an emerging ECL luminophore, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have apparent advantages over traditional molecular luminophores in terms of luminescence efficiency and signal modulation ability. Therefore, the development of an efficient ECL system with QDs as luminophores is of great significance to improve the sensitivity and detection flux of ECL biosensors. 
  • 214
  • 20 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Gold Nanoparticles: The Guest
Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have received a growing attention due to their fascinating physiochemical properties and promising range of biomedical applications including sensing, diagnosis and cancer photothermal ablation. AuNP enjoy brilliant optical properties and ability to convert light into local heat and function as a “nanoheaters” to fight cancer. However, AuNP are poor drug delivery systems as they do not have reservoirs or matrices to achieve an acceptable drug loading efficiency. On the other end, liposome-based nanocarriers do not exhibit such optical properties but are excellent platform for drug loading and they have been proven clinically with a true presence in the market since the FDA approved Doxil® in 1995. 
  • 201
  • 20 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been advocated as nanocarriers for the treatment of various diseases because of their physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. The use of MSNs combined with therapeutic agents can provide better encapsulation and effective delivery. MSNs as nanocarriers might also be a promising tool to lower the therapeutic dosage levels and thereby to reduce undesired side effects. Furthermore, when combined with imaging compounds for diagnosis, they can be employed as theragnostic agents thus allowing both imaging and therapy using the same nanoparticle.
  • 1.1K
  • 19 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Carbon Capture Using Porous Silica Materials
As the primary greenhouse gas, CO2 emission has noticeably increased over the past decades resulting in global warming and climate change. Surprisingly, anthropogenic activities have increased atmospheric CO2 by 50% in less than 200 years, causing more frequent and severe rainfall, snowstorms, flash floods, droughts, heat waves, and rising sea levels in recent times. Hence, reducing the excess CO2 in the atmosphere is imperative to keep the global average temperature rise below 2 °C.
  • 280
  • 19 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Aprotinin for Influenza Treatment
Aprotinin (APR) was discovered in 1930. APR is an effective pan-protease inhibitor, a typical “magic shotgun”. Until 2007, APR was widely used as an antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory drug in cardiac and noncardiac surgeries for reduction of bleeding and thus limiting the need for blood transfusion. The ability of APR to inhibit proteolytic activation of some viruses leads to its use as an antiviral drug for the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory virus infections.
  • 277
  • 19 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Metal–Organic Frameworks-Derived Metal Nanomaterials
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are used in catalysis due to their high specific surface area and porous structure. In situ electrochemical reduction is a mild and effective reduction method. For some unstable MOFs, the pretreatment process of electrochemical reduction is often accompanied by the reduction of metal ions and spontaneous aggregation to form metal nanomaterials, while the organic ligands or linkers are dissolved in the electrolyte. Compared to MOFs connected through relatively weak coordination bonds, metal nanoparticles connected by metallic bonds are significantly more conductive and stable, which effectively improves the catalyst activity and stability in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (ECO2RR). At the same time, compared with reducing agents, electrochemical reduction often retains some M-O species or organic ligands on the surface, which has an important impact on catalytic activity and stability. The structure of the MOF precursor also has an important impact on the morphology of the derived catalyst and the corresponding ECO2RR performance.
  • 189
  • 19 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Ionic Liquids Used in Dissolution of Cellulose
Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer, which has attracted great attention due to the demand for eco-friendly and sustainable materials. The sustainability of cellulose products also depends on the selection of the dissolution solvent.
  • 386
  • 18 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Antibiotics Extraction from Shrimps Prior to Chromatographic Analysis
Antibiotics are used in aquaculture in order to control the infection outbreaks. They are natural, semisynthetic or synthetic compounds and their antibacterial effect resides on their ability to eliminate the bacteria or hinder their growth. The widespread use of antibiotics in veterinary practice and aquaculture has led to the increase of antimicrobial resistance in food-borne pathogens that may be transferred to humans. 
  • 416
  • 18 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Microextraction-Based Methods for Determination of Sulfonamides in Milk
Sulfonamides (SAs) represent a significant category of pharmaceutical compounds due to their effective antimicrobial characteristics. SAs were the first antibiotics to be used in clinical medicine to treat a majority of diseases, since the 1900s. In the dairy farming industry, sulfa drugs are administered to prevent infection, in several countries. This increases the possibility that residual drugs could pass through milk consumption even at low levels. These traces of SAs will be detected and quantified in milk. 
  • 327
  • 18 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Micro-Combinatorial Technique in Materials Science
The novel, single-sample concept combinatorial method, the so-called micro-combinatory technique, has been shown to be suitable for the high-throughput and complex characterization of multicomponent thin films over an entire composition range. In addition to the 3 mm diameter TEM grid used for microstructural analysis, by scaling up the substrate size to 10 × 25 mm, this novel approach has allowed for a comprehensive study of the properties of the materials as a function of their composition, which has been determined via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), spectroscopic ellipsometry, and nanoindentation studies.
  • 326
  • 18 Jul 2023
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