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Topic Review
Bioactive Compounds from Cardoon and Metabolic Disorders
Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) is a Mediterranean plant and member of the Asteraceae family that includes three botanical taxa, the wild perennial cardoon (C. cardunculus L. var. sylvestris (Lamk) Fiori), globe artichoke (C. cardunculus L. var. scolymus L. Fiori), and domesticated cardoon (C. cardunculus L. var. altilis DC.). Cardoon has been widely used in the Mediterranean diet and folk medicine since ancient times. Today, cardoon is recognized as a plant with great industrial potential and is considered as a functional food, with important nutritional value, being an interesting source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, minerals, inulin, fiber, and sesquiterpene lactones. 
  • 559
  • 08 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Bioactive Compounds from Fruit Crop Wastes
The food industry as a whole is one of the main contributors for food losses and waste generation. To deal with such wastes, research and efforts have been made for the development and valorization of bioactive compounds present in food wastes such as leaves, peels, seeds, and pulp.
  • 501
  • 10 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Bioactive Edible Films/Coatings Based in Gums and Starch
Edible films and coatings allow preserving fresh and processed food, maintaining quality, preventing microbial contamination and/or oxidation reactions and increasing the shelf life of food products. The structural matrix of edible films and coatings is mainly constituted by proteins, lipids or polysaccharides. However, it is possible to increase the bioactive potential of these polymeric matrices by adding phenolic compounds obtained from plant extracts. Phenolic compounds are known to possess several biological properties such as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Incorporating phenolic compounds enriched plant extracts in edible films and coatings contribute to preventing food spoilage/deterioration and the extension of shelf life. 
  • 903
  • 27 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Bioactive Flavonoid Hybrids Linked by 1,2,3-Triazole
Considering the biological activities of both flavonoids and 1,2,3-triazole ring, as well as the metabolic stability associated to this heterocyclic ring, hybridization of flavonoids with a 1,2,3-triazole ring has been widely reported over the last years. The most common way to obtain these hybrids is through the copper (I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), also known as Click Chemistry reaction. It was highlighted the flavonoid hybrids linked by the1,2,3-triazole ring obtained since 2017, including chalcones, flavones, flavanones and flavonols, among others, with antitumor, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifouling activities.
  • 580
  • 05 May 2022
Topic Review
Bioactive Glass
Bioactive glass (BAG) consist of known biocompatible and bioactive minerals, including fluorapatite (FAP), wollastonite, diopside, and tricalcium phosphate. A bioactive material can interact with the biological environment to elicit a specific biological response and they can be osteoconductive or osteoinductive. Bioactive Glasses are amorphous solids with the irregular organization of atoms, optically transparent, and brittle consisting of silica networks. They possesses bioactivity and antimicrobial properties as presented n following sections. The bioactivity of BAGs involves several steps; BAGs immediately undergo ionic dissolution and glass degradation via the exchange of H+ ions in the solution and Na+ and Ca2+ from the glass network. BAG exhibits antimicrobial properties against various pathogens, e.g pathogens associated with sinusitis and osteomyelitis.
  • 2.8K
  • 22 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Bioactive Glasses in Bone Regeneration
Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) is a category of bioceramics that, as will be explained, can be considered intermediate between traditional bioactive glasses—obtained by quenching of a melt or by the sol-gel method—and silica mesoporous materials. These bioactive glasses can be considered a spin-off of silica mesoporous materials because they are designed with a similar technical approach. Mesoporous glasses in addition to SiO2 contain significant amounts of other oxides, particularly CaO and P2O5 and therefore, they exhibit quite different properties and clinical applications than mesoporous silica compounds. Both materials exhibit ordered mesoporous structures with a very narrow pore size distribution that are achieved by using surfactants during their synthesis. The characteristics of mesoporous glasses made them suitable to be enriched with various osteogenic agents, namely inorganic ions and biopeptides as well as mesenchymal cells. 
  • 739
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Bioactive Keratin and Fibroin Nanoparticles
In recent years, several studies have focused their attention on the preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable nanocarriers of potential interest in the biomedical field, ranging from drug delivery systems to imaging and diagnosis. In this regard, natural biomolecules—such as proteins—represent an attractive alternative to synthetic polymers or inorganic materials, thanks to their numerous advantages, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity. Among the most interesting proteins, keratin extracted from wool and feathers, as well as fibroin extracted from Bombyx mori cocoons, possess all of the abovementioned features required for biomedical applications.
  • 348
  • 28 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Bioactive Lipids in Food Applications
Bioactive lipids, such as fat-soluble vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acids, carotenoids and phytosterols play an important role in boosting human health and wellbeing. These lipophilic substances cannot be synthesized within the human body, and so people must include them in their diet. There is increasing interest in incorporating these bioactive lipids into functional foods designed to produce certain health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer and cholesterol-lowering properties. However, many of these lipids have poor compatibility with food matrices and low bioavailability because of their extremely low water solubility. Nanotechnology is a promising technology that can be used to overcome many of these limitations. Different kinds of nanoscale delivery systems have been designed to encapsulate and protect bioactive lipids, thereby facilitating their handling, stability, food matrix compatibility, and bioavailability.
  • 1.6K
  • 27 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Bioactive Peptides in Dairy Products
All the research pertaining to the detection and identification of minute peptides (<4 amino acids) present in multifarious mixtures are in their early stages because of a lack of stringent peptide identification methodologies. Precise amendments like discerned censoring of ions against previously identified sequences of peptides can help overcome the aforementioned issues faced at times of optimization procedures during or after MS analysis. A state-of-the-art genesis in structure-informedpeptide identification and quantification methodologies can be guaranteed by added enrichment in the sensitivity and resolving capacity of MS, in conjunction with novel cutting edge ionization techniques. Modernization of the software for foodomics and peptidomics research and peptide identification is needed. Also, explicit and coherent structure identification in common and especially in synchronization with LC-MS requires significant attention. A continuous focus will be given to understanding of the biochemical functions of milk ingredients and their dietary implications by using a variety of powerful tools like -omics, cell models, gut microbiome research and imaging. The introduction of innovative facilities including is an absolute requirement for the development of approaches, such as proteomics, recombinant enzymes and microbial fermentation to study and improve the metabolic and health consequences of the various roles of bioactive peptides throughout the expression of genes. Consequently, the formulation of products incorporating bioactive peptides should examine the allergenicity, toxicity and stability of the a ected metabolic functions during gastrointestinal digestion. Despite considerable progress in the isolation, purification and assessment of bioactivities of BP from various natural sources, several hurdles still remain to be overcome, particularly technological advancements to produce them on a broad scale without losing activity. In conclusion, milk-derived bioactive peptides o er substantial future prospects for product development to support health, with their multifunctional assets.  
  • 810
  • 30 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Bioactive Polymers and Cardiovascular Therapy
Coronary heart disease remains one of the leading causes of death in most countries. Healthcare improvements have seen a shift in the presentation of disease with a reducing number of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMIs), largely due to earlier reperfusion strategies such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Stents have revolutionized the care of these patients, but the long-term effects of these devices have been brought to the fore. The conceptual and technologic evolution of these devices from bare-metal stents led to the creation and wide application of drug-eluting stents; further research introduced the idea of polymer-based resorbable stents.
  • 431
  • 17 Mar 2021
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