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Topic Review
Biography
Topic Review
Organic Sensitizers for Indoor DSSC Applications
Among the emerging photovoltaic (PV) technologies, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) appear especially interesting in view of their potential for unconventional PV applications. In particular, DSSCs have been proven to provide excellent performances under indoor illumination, opening the way to their use in the field of low-power devices, such as wearable electronics and wireless sensor networks, including those relevant for application to the rapidly growing Internet of Things technology. Considering the low intensity of indoor light sources, efficient light capture constitutes a pivotal factor in optimizing cell efficiency. Consequently, the development of novel dyes exhibiting intense absorption within the visible range and light-harvesting properties well-matched with the emission spectra of the various light sources becomes indispensable.
443
06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Reservoir-Type Intravesical Delivery Systems
Treatment of bladder cancer remains a critical unmet need and requires advanced approaches, particularly the development of local drug delivery systems. The physiology of the urinary bladder causes the main difficulties in the local treatment of bladder cancer: regular voiding prevents the maintenance of optimal concentration of the instilled drugs, while poor permeability of the urothelium limits the penetration of the drugs into the bladder wall. Therefore, great research efforts have been spent to overcome these hurdles, thereby improving the efficacy of available therapies. The explosive development of nanotechnology, polymer science, and related fields has contributed to the emergence of a number of nanostructured vehicles (nano- and micro-scale) applicable for intravesical drug delivery.
206
06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Corrosion of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances
The orthodontic supply market is a prosperous billion-dollar industry, driven by an increasing demand for orthodontic appliances. The supremacy of metallic first-generation biomaterials is evident for manufacturing brackets, archwires, bands, and other components due to their well-recognized chemical inertness, spontaneous passivation, biocompatibility, and favorable mechanical properties combination. However, the oral cavity is the ultimate corrosion-promoting environment for any metallic material.
259
06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Chromatographic Methods for Quercetin Quantification from Natural Sources
Quercetin (QUE) is the most widely used flavonoid for therapeutic purposes. To improve the available knowledge about the properties of some natural products, determining the amount of QUE is crucial. Accordingly, the development, optimization and validation of analytical methods capable of featuring the amount of QUE in natural products is not only usefull, but necessary.
222
06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Stripping Voltammetry Methods for Rare Earth Elements
Rare earth metals are used in the most dynamically developing areas of the high technology industry, such as aviation, space flights, production of mobile phones (smartphones), catalysts, high-energy magnetic materials, LCD screens, LED diodes, hybrid car engines, and new generation Ni-MH batteries. These metals are widely used in metallurgy as alloying additives to improve the properties of doped metals, permanent magnets or polishing pastes. The biological activity of lanthanum compounds has also been proven and, hence, they are used in medicine. They have also found a unique application in the production of optical filters, phosphors, dyes, fertilizers, and insulation fibers. Rare earth elements (REEs) have become indispensable in the world of technology, owing to their unusual magnetic, phosphorescent, and catalytic properties. The growing demand for these elements has resulted in these metals being included in the group of 20 critical mineral raw materials for the EU economy. The main environmental risk posed by rare earth elements is tailings, which are a mixture of small-sized particles, waste water, and floatation chemicals used in the processing stages. Most rare earth elements also consist of radioactive materials which impose the risk of radioactive dust and water emissions.
231
05 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Ergot Alkaloids on Cereals and Seeds
Ergot alkaloids are secondary metabolites resulting from fungi of the genus Claviceps that have proven to be highly toxic. These mycotoxins commonly infect cereal crops such as wheat, rye, barley, and oats. Due to the increase worldwide consumption of cereal and cereal-based products, the presence of ergot alkaloids in food presents a concern for human safety. For this reason, it is essential to develop several analytical methods that allow the detection of these toxic compounds.
337
04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Nonwoven Electrospun Membranes
A flexible and dependable method that has been extensively employed to construct nanofibrous scaffolds that resemble the extracellular matrix made from polymeric materials is electrospinning (ES). ES is superior to other techniques because of its unique capacity to create nanofibers with a high surface-to-volume ratio, low cost, simplicity of setup, freedom in material choice, and ability to alter the surface attributes and usefulness of the nanofibers.
423
04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
DNA-Based Gold Nanoparticle Assemblies
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have become one of the building blocks for superior assembly and device fabrication due to the intrinsic, tunable physical properties of nanoparticles. With the development of DNA nanotechnology, gold nanoparticles are organized in a highly precise and controllable way under the mediation of DNA, achieving programmability and specificity unmatched by other ligands. The successful construction of abundant gold nanoparticle assembly structures has also given rise to the fabrication of a wide range of sensors, which has greatly contributed to the development of the sensing field.
339
04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Silk Fibroin in Human and Veterinary Medicine
The properties of silk make it a promising material for medical applications, both in human and veterinary medicine. Its predominant amino acids, glycine and alanine, exhibit low chemical reactivity, reducing the risk of graft rejection, a notable advantage over most synthetic polymers. Hence, silk is increasingly used as a material for 3D printing in biomedicine. It can be used to build cell scaffolding with the desired cytocompatibility and biodegradability. In combination with gelatine, silk can be used in the treatment of arthritis, and as a hydrogel, to regenerate chondrocytes and mesenchymal cells. When combined with gelatine and collagen, it can also make skin grafts and regenerate the integumentary system. In the treatment of bone tissue, it can be used in combination with polylactic acid and hydroxyapatite to produce bone clips having good mechanical properties and high immunological tolerance.
302
04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Block Copolymers as Proficient Templates in Drug Delivery
Polymeric-based nanomaterials have exhibited wonderful properties due to their fabrication ability using various technologies. These have been of immense interest as nanocarriers in the design of pharmaceuticals and in the refining of drug delivery systems; therefore, they offer a suitable tool for the release of hydrophobic drugs and bioactive agents.
285
04 Dec 2023
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