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Topic Review
In Silico Materials Development
Machine learning has been an emerging scientific field serving the modern multidisciplinary needs in the Materials Science and Manufacturing sector. The taxonomy and mapping of nanomaterial properties based on data analytics is going to ensure safe and green manufacturing with consciousness raised on effective resource management. The utilization of predictive modelling tools empowered with artificial intelligence (AI) has proposed novel paths in materials discovery and optimization, while it can further stimulate the cutting-edge and data-driven design of a tailored behavioral profile of nanomaterials to serve the special needs of application environments. 
  • 615
  • 17 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Improving the Barrier Properties of the Biodegradable Polymers
Biodegradable polymers have become a topic of great scientific and industrial interest due to their environmentally friendly nature. For the benefit of the market economy and environment, biodegradable materials should play a more critical role in packaging materials. 
  • 498
  • 27 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Improvement of Energy Storage in Phase Change Materials
Utilizing phase change materials (PCMs) is one of the most effective methods of storing thermal energy and is gaining popularity in renewable energy systems. In order to analyze PCM performance, various numerical methods have been deployed to study the transient behaviour during phase changes. PCMs’ low thermal conductivity prevents their use as pure PCMs in industrial applications. There are various efficient methods of enhancing PCM thermal conductivity.
  • 648
  • 13 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Improvement of Antibacterial Properties of Wood Surfaces
Wood is a raw material that is renewable and has good mechanical properties, as well as being inexpensive and having abundant reserves. It has been extensively employed in furniture, construction, and other industries. In addition to being a material for furniture and interior decoration, it can have applications in high-tech sectors.
  • 290
  • 21 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Improved and Innovative Accident-Tolerant Nuclear Fuel Materials
Since 2011, there has been an international effort to evaluate the behavior of newer fuel rod materials for the retrofitting of existing light water reactors (LWR). These materials include concepts for the cladding of the fuel and for the fuel itself. The materials can be broadly categorized into evolutionary or improved existing materials and revolutionary or innovative materials. The purpose of the newer materials or accident-tolerant fuels (ATF) is to make the LWRs more resistant to loss-of-coolant accidents and thus increase their operation safety. The benefits and detriments of the three main concepts for the cladding are discussed.
  • 359
  • 11 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Impact of Wort Amino Acids on Beer Flavour
The process by which beer is brewed has not changed significantly since its discovery thousands of years ago. Grain is malted, dried, crushed and mixed with hot water to produce wort. Yeast is added to the sweet, viscous wort, after which fermentation occurs. The biochemical events that occur during fermentation reflect the genotype of the yeast strain used, and its phenotypic expression is influenced by the composition of the wort and the conditions established in the fermenting vessel. Although wort is complex and not completely characterized, its content in amino acids indubitably affects the production of some minor metabolic products of fermentation which contribute to the flavour of beer. 
  • 621
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
Impact of Carbon Dots on Crop Growth
Carbon dots are carbon-based nanoparticles, which have the characteristics of a simple preparation process, photoluminescence, biocompatibility, an adjustable surface function, water solubility, and low-level toxicity. They are widely used in biological applications, such as imaging, biosensing, photocatalysis, and molecular transfer. They have also aroused great interest among researchers in agriculture, and there has been significant progress in improving crop growth and production. 
  • 248
  • 11 Oct 2023
Topic Review
IMP321
IMP321 is a large molecule cancer drug being developed by the clinical stage biotechnology company Prima BioMed (Nasdaq: IMMP). The drug is Prima's lead compound. IMP321 (INN name: eftilagimod alpha) is soluble version of the immune checkpoint molecule LAG3, used to increase an immune response to tumours. The drug is administered by subcutaneous injection. IMP321 has two intended clinical settings, 'low dose' (for example 250 µg) as adjuvant to cancer vaccines and 'high dose' (such as 12 injections of 6 mg each) as first-line 'chemo-immunotherapy', that is, combined with standard chemotherapy. IMP321 has been in Phase II clinical testing. The product has been shown to be non-immunogenic, that is, no anti-IMP321 antibodies have been detected in clinical trials. Currently the main indication for the drug is metastatic breast cancer.
  • 547
  • 27 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Imogolite Nanotubes
Imogolite nanotubes (INTs) represent a model of nanoplatforms with an untapped potential for advanced technological applications. Easily synthesized by sol-gel methods, these nanotubes are directly obtained with a monodisperse pore size. Coupled with the possibility to adjust their surface properties by using straightforward functionalization processes, INTs form a unique class of diameter-controlled nanotubes with functional interfaces. 
  • 732
  • 22 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third-largest cause of cancer death worldwide, while immunotherapy is rapidly being developed to fight HCC with great potential. Nucleic acid drugs are the most important modulators in HCC immunotherapy. 
  • 379
  • 09 Feb 2022
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