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Topic Review
Ionic Hydrogels
Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks with excellent flexibility. Ionic hydrogels have attracted extensive attention in the development of tactile sensors owing to their unique properties, such as ionic conductivity and mechanical properties. These features enable ionic hydrogel-based tactile sensors with exceptional performance in detecting human body movement and identifying external stimuli. Currently, there is a pressing demand for the development of self-powered tactile sensors that integrate ionic conductors and portable power sources into a single device for practical applications.
  • 582
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Ionic and Excited Species
Experimental and theoretical studies of either characterization and reactivity of ionic and excited species with atoms, molecules, and radicals of interest in the chemistry of plasmas and energy production. Single and ionized species with single or multiple charge (H+, He+, H3+, HCO+, H3O+, He22+, CO22+, etc.), excited atoms and molecules (e.g. O(1D), N(2D), H*(2s2S1/2), He*(21,3S0,1), N2*(A3Σu+), etc.) play a crucial role in various important chemical systems such as flames (i.e. chemi-ionizations), natural plasmas (i.e. planetary ionospheres, comet tails and interstellar clouds), and biological environments (e.g. damaged biological tissues via the interaction between ionizing radiation and living cells). Such processes are very interesting from a fundamental point of view in Physical Chemistry and attracted the attention of a wide scientific community, since many applications to important fields: radiation chemistry, plasma physics and chemistry, combustion processes, development of laser sources. In particular, the conversion of waste carbon dioxide via assisted plasma technology gained recently increasing interest due to the possibility of obtaining value-added products, like gaseous or liquid fuels. Such characteristics make this an encouraging strategy for the storage of electrical energy from renewable sources into chemical energy in a circular economy scheme.
  • 1.5K
  • 01 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Ion-Selective Electrodes Sensitive to Nitrates Ions
Ion-selective electrodes are a popular analytical tool useful in the analysis of cations and anions in environmental, industrial and clinical samples. 
  • 521
  • 07 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Ion-Imprinted Polymers
Growing concern over the hazardous effect of radionuclides on the environment is driving research on mitigation and deposition strategies for radioactive waste management. Currently, there are many techniques used for radionuclides separation from the environment such as ion exchange, solvent extraction, chemical precipitation and adsorption. Adsorbents are the leading area of research and many useful materials are being discovered in this category of radionuclide ion separation. The adsorption technologies lack the ability of selective removal of metal ions from solution. This drawback is eliminated by the use of ion-imprinted polymers, these materials having targeted binding sites for specific ions in the media.
  • 922
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Ion-Imprinted Polymeric Materials
The introduction of selective recognition sites toward certain heavy metal ions (HMIs) is a great challenge, which has a major role when the separation of species with similar physicochemical features is considered. In this context, ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) developed based on the principle of molecular imprinting methodology, have emerged as an innovative solution. Advances in IIPs have shown that they exhibit higher selectivity coefficients than non-imprinted ones, which could support a large range of environmental applications starting from extraction and monitoring of HMIs to their detection and quantification. 
  • 560
  • 30 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Ion-Channel Antiepileptic Drugs
The term seizures includes a wide array of different disorders with variable etiology, which currently represent one of the most important classes of neurological illnesses. As a consequence, many different antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are currently available, exploiting different activity mechanisms and providing different levels of performance in terms of selectivity, safety, and efficacy. AEDs are currently among the psychoactive drugs most frequently involved in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) practices. Ezogabine (or retigabine), lacosamide, and zonisamide are the TDM of three AEDs belonging to the class of ion channel agents.
  • 442
  • 24 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Inverse Design for Silicon Photonics
Silicon photonics enables massive fabrication of integrated photonic devices at low cost, due to its compatibility with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. It has emerged as one of the most important technologies for data communication and computations, as integrated electronic circuits are reaching their limits as well as incurring high energy costs. Recently, it has also shown the potential for other applications such as sensing and light detection and ranging (LiDAR). For miscellaneous silicon photonic devices, their versatile functions mainly come from design of device geometry. Intuitively, the design of single component with specific function is fulfilled by physics-based methods like analytical models, prior practical experiences and scientific intuitions. However, the physics-based methods are laborious and have high requirements on designers’ experience. Furthermore, the performance evaluation of light-material interaction with complicated geometries has to rely on numerical electromagnetic (EM) simulations, as the computation for irregular geometry is often non-intuitive. To make the design process more efficient, inverse design approaches have been introduced, which are assisted by various iterative optimization methods and deep neural networks (DNNs).
  • 1.6K
  • 11 May 2021
Topic Review
Invasive Alien Plant Species in European Paper Production
Invasive plant species can impede the establishment and growth of native plants and affect several ecosystem properties. These properties include soil cover, nutrient cycling, fire regimes, and hydrology. Controlling invasive plants is therefore a necessary, but usually expensive, step in restoring an ecosystem. The sustainability of materials with an emphasis on the use of local resources plays an important role in the circular economy. The use of alternative fibers from invasive plants promotes local production in smaller paper mills that offer the protection of local species and the reduction of waste and invasive plants.
  • 735
  • 10 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Intrinsically Conducting Polymers in Secondary Batteries
Intrinsically conducting polymers ICPs are oligo- or polymeric organic materials with numerous strikingly unusual properties like high electronic conductivity depending on their state of oxidation and pronounced electrochemical redox activity. Because a redox process is associated with electronic charge transfer ICPs have been proposed as charge storage materials in electrodes of secondary batteries or supercapacitors. In addition their use as binder in electrodes or as coating material has been suggested.  ICPs was briefly introduced and these various applications in batteries were highlighted here.
  • 640
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Intrinsic Self-Healing Polymers
Self-healing polymeric materials have been widely investigated because they can heal the damages spontaneously and thereby prolong their service lifetime. Many ingenious synthetic procedures have been developed for fabricating self-healing polymers with high performance.
  • 1.8K
  • 20 Sep 2022
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