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Topic Review
Polyurea for Blast and Impact Protection
Polyurea has attracted extensive attention from researchers and engineers in the field of blast and impact protection due to its excellent quasi-static mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties. Its mechanical properties and energy absorption capacity have been tuned by means of formulation optimization, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and the addition of reinforcing materials. Owing to the special molecular structure of polyurea, the mechanism of polyurea protection against blasts and impacts is the simultaneous effect of multiple properties. For different substrates and structures, polyurea needs to provide different performance characteristics, including adhesion, hardness, breaking elongation, etc., depending on the characteristics of the load to which it is subjected. 
  • 743
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Sodiophilicity Regulation in Metallic Na Anodes
The Na metal anode is the essential component for room-temperature sodium-metal batteries (SMBs), such as Na-S, Na-Se, and Na-O2. However, the practical application of liquid-electrolyte-based SMBs has been troubled by extensive volume change and mossy/dendritic growth during Na electrodeposition. In this regard, the sodiophilicity (of the solid electrolytes or 2D/3D Na hosts) has been widely deemed vital for achieving stable Na metal anodes in either solid- or liquid-electrolyte-based SMBs, and many strategies have emerged to improve Na wettability and stabilize Na metal anodes for the three types of batteries.
  • 544
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Hydrogels in Wound Healing
Despite the noticeable evolution in wound treatment over the centuries, a functional material that promotes correct and swift wound healing is important, considering the relative weight of chronic wounds in healthcare. Difficult to heal in a fashionable time, chronic wounds are more prone to infections and complications thereof. Hydrogels are highly hydrated cross-linked polymers arranged in a matrix-like fashion that allow significant water retention (over 90% of their dry weight) in their three-dimensional network. 
  • 531
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Ingredients of Moisturizers
Moisturizers are one of the most widely used preparations in cosmetics and have been extensively used to soften the skin for consumers. Moisturizers work effectively in combating dry skin which may cause pain, tightness, itch, stinging, and/or tingling. Knowing the characteristics and interactions of active ingredients with the skin will allow for better utilization of available moisturizers.
  • 7.9K
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Lanthanide-Doped Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystals and Nanoheterostructures
The combination of all-inorganic halide perovskite nanocrystals (IHP NCs) with nanoparticles consisting of lanthanide-doped matrix (Ln NPs, such as NaYF4:Yb,Er NPs) is stable, near-infrared (NIR) excitable and emission tuneable (up-shifting emission), all of them desirable properties for biological applications. In addition, luminescence in inorganic perovskite nanomaterials has recently been sensitized via lanthanide doping.
  • 493
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Annealing Methods in the Growth of Perovskite Grains
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising and fast-growing type of photovoltaic cell due to their low cost and high conversion efficiency. The high efficiency of PSCs is closely related to the quality of the photosensitive layer, and the high-quality light absorbing layer depends on the growth condition of the crystals. In the formation of high-quality crystals, annealing is an indispensable and crucial part, which serves to evaporate the solvent and drive the crystallization of the film. Various annealing methods have different effects on the promotion of the film growth process owing to the way they work.
  • 640
  • 08 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Application of Mixed Potential Theory to Leaching
Leaching is a central unit operation in the hydrometallurgical processing of minerals, which often occurs by means of electrochemical reactions. Application of mixed potential theory to explain the kinetics of oxidative and reductive leaching processes is a useful concept in explaining observed results. Native metals, selected oxides, and most base metal sulfides are electron-conducting phases. For these minerals, leaching may take place by normal corrosion, passivation or galvanic couple mechanisms, which provide individual electrode kinetics enabling the calculation of mixed potentials and overall reaction kinetics. 
  • 803
  • 08 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Application of Polysaccharides in Biodegradable Films
Biodegradable films emerge as alternative biomaterials to conventional packaging from fossil sources, which, in addition to offering protection and increasing the shelf life of food products, are ecologically sustainable. The materials mostly used in their formulation are based on natural polysaccharides, plasticizing agents, and bioactive components (e.g., antimicrobial agents or antioxidants). The formulation of biodegradable films from polysaccharides and various plasticizers represents an alternative for primary packaging that can be assigned to specific food products, which opens the possibility of having multiple options of biodegradable films for the same product.
  • 599
  • 08 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Biochar Production and Properties
Biochar (BC) is the solid residue recovered from the thermal cracking of biomasses in an oxygen-poor atmosphere. BC has been increasingly explored as a sustainable, inexpensive, and viable alternative to traditional carbonaceous fillers for the development of polymer-based composites. In fact, BC exhibits high thermal stability, high surface area, and electrical conductivity; moreover, its main properties can be properly tuned by controlling the conditions of the production process.
  • 402
  • 08 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Applications of LDH/Nanocarbon Composites in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Nanocomposites combining layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and carbon-based materials as building blocks deserve great attention as heterogeneous catalysts due to their remarkable efficiency in a large range of reactions of chemical synthesis and conversion such as C-C cross coupling (e.g., aldolisation, Michael, Knoevenagel, Ullman, Sonogashira, Heck, synthesis of chalcone…), oxydation, hydrogenation, higher alcohol synthesis (HAS) and cascade reactions (e.g., Knoevenagel-Michael and oxidation-Knoevenagel).
  • 463
  • 07 Jul 2022
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