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Topic Review
Nanocomposite Preparation Methods
Synthetic plastics are commonly used because they exhibit sufficient characteristics for packaging requirements, but their end lives result in environmental pollution, the depletion of landfill space, rising sea pollution, and more. These exist because of their poor biodegradability, limited recyclability, etc. There has been an increasing demand for replacing these polymers with bio-based biodegradable materials for a sustainable environment. Cellulosic nanomaterials have been proposed as a potential substitute in the preparation of packaging films. Cellulose can be extracted from different sources, such as wood, agricultural by-products, annual plants, and marine algae. There are two forms of nanocellulose extracted from plant fibers: cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs).
  • 155
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Nanocomposite Membranes for Liquid/Gas Separations
One of the critical aspects in designing nanocomposite membrane is the selection of a well-matched pair of nanomaterials and a polymer matrix that suits their intended application. By making use of the fascinating flexibility of nanoscale materials, the functionalities of the resultant nanocomposite membranes can be tailored. The unique features demonstrated by nanomaterials are closely related to their dimensions, hence a greater attention is deserved for this critical aspect.
  • 710
  • 25 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Nanocomposite materials for Wound Healing
Materials science is a field in which nanotechnology is being greatly explored, due to how much the bulk and surface properties previously mentioned, such as structural tunability, functionalization, and physicochemical stability, etc., are observed to change with diverse synthetization protocols in order to form customized nanostructured materials. Materials properties, such as shape, size, crystal structure, and surface roughness, can be taken advantage of and are currently being applied to practically any area of the biomedical field, such as wound healing and drug delivery around the globe with exceedingly successful results. The use of nanostructured materials in the form of nanoparticles, nanofibers, and any shape given at the nanoscale (1–100 nm), applied towards biotechnological and/or biomedical applications, such as wound healing, treatment of emerging pollutants, and drug delivery, has been exponentially growing over the past few decades.
  • 863
  • 27 May 2021
Topic Review
Nanocomposite Coatings
The development of nanocomposite coatings is a rapidly growing field in the domain of nanotechnology. Nanocomposite coatings are rapidly being inducted in the sectors of aerospace, marine, automobiles, sensors, dental implants and electronics. Factors that affect the functionality of nanocomposite coatings include properties of matrices and fillers, spatial dispersion of fillers, surface morphology and deposition techniques.
  • 976
  • 29 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Nanoceria
Several biocompatible materials have been applied for managing soft tissue lesions; cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs, or nanoceria) are among the most promising candidates due to their outstanding properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic activities. Much attention should be paid to the physical properties of nanoceria, since most of its biological characteristics are directly determined by some of these relevant parameters, including the particle size and shape. Nanoceria, either in bare or functionalized forms, showed the excellent capability of accelerating the healing process of both acute and chronic wounds. The skin, heart, nervous system, and ophthalmic tissues are the main targets of nanoceria-based therapies, and the other soft tissues may also be evaluated in upcoming experimental studies. For the repair and regeneration of soft tissue damage and defects, nanoceria-incorporated film, hydrogel, and nanofibrous sca olds have been proven to be highly suitable replacements with satisfactory outcomes. Still, some concerns have remained regarding the long-term e ects of nanoceria administration for human tissues and organs, such as its clearance from the vital organs. Moreover, looking at the future, it seems necessary to design and develop three-dimensional (3D) printed sca olds containing nanoceria for possible use in the concepts of personalized medicine.
  • 2.0K
  • 10 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Nanocellulosic Materials for Oil Spill
Modern developments in cellulosic materials for oil spill removal are briefly showcased in this entry. Different types of lignocellulosic textures and different modification techniques and preparation methods are explained. Materials were classified into 3D-materials such as hydrophobic and oleophobic sponges and aerogels, or 2D-materials such as membranes, fabrics, films, and meshes. Majorly, 3D-materials showed clear correlation between porosity and density, and their absorption behavior. Moreover, it was shown that nanocellulosic precursors are not exclusively suitable to attain considerable absorption performance. This finding can lead to developments in cost- and energy-efficient production processes of future cellulosic oil spillage removal solutions.
  • 760
  • 27 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Nanocelluloses
Cellulose nanofiber (CNF), nanocrystal cellulose (NCC), and bacterial nanocellulose (BC) are the most common nanocellulose used as nanocarriers in drug delivery systems. Modification and functionalization using various processes and chemicals have been carried out to increase the adsorption and drug delivery performance of nanocellulose.
  • 1.0K
  • 09 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Nanocellulose/Nanodiamond Hybrids
Nanocellulose can be obtained from low-cost sources and has been extensively studied in the last decades due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, low weight, large specific surface area, and good mechanical and optical properties. The nanocellulose properties palette can be greatly expanded by incorporating different metals, metal oxides or carbon nanomaterials, with the formation of multifunctional hybrids. Nanocellulose–nanocarbon hybrids are emerging nanomaterials that can respond to many current challenges in areas such as water purification, energy storage and conversion, or biomedicine for drug delivery, tissue engineering, antitumor and antimicrobial therapies, and many others. Nanocellulose/nanodiamonds hybrids combine the bio-based origin, biodegradability, good dispersion in water, and non-toxicity of nanocellulose with the high thermal conductivity, excellent mechanical resistance, and great structural stability of nanodiamonds.
  • 412
  • 25 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Nanocellulose’s Unique Characteristics as a Chemical Sensor
Composites can be derived from plant-based nanomaterials, among which is nanocellulose which has attracted significant attention as potential replacements for their more conventional petroleum-derived counterparts for use in chemical sensing applications.
  • 784
  • 26 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Nanocellulose-Reinforced Rubber Matrix Composites
Research and development of nanocellulose (NC) and nanocellulose-reinforced composite materials have garnered substantial interest in recent years. Rubber is a common material with a large array of applications, greatly attributed to its mechanical strength and versatility. When rubber is extracted from its natural source, it needs to undergo a compounding stage where fillers are added to reinforce the material prior to further processing. The application of nanocellulose and its variants as a substitute of conventional fillers like carbon black (CB) and silica could further reduce environmental impacts and cost as it is derived from organic biomass. Incorporation of nanocellulose as a reinforcing material could also be extended to synthetic rubber composites to carry out a similar function of improving mechanical integrity.
  • 1.2K
  • 04 Mar 2021
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