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Topic Review
Nanoparticle-Mediated Nucleic Acid Delivery Systems for Immunotherapy
Successful clinical results of immunotherapeutic approaches for cancer treatment were led by antibodies targeting immune checkpoints, and many have advanced through clinical trials and obtained FDA approval. A major opportunity remains for the development of nucleic acid technology for cancer immunotherapy in the form of cancer vaccines, adoptive T-cell therapies, and gene regulation. However, these therapeutic approaches face many challenges related to their delivery to target cells, including their in vivo decay, the limited uptake by target cells, the requirements for nuclear penetration (in some cases), and the damage caused to healthy cells. These barriers can be avoided and resolved by utilizing advanced smart nanocarriers (e.g., lipids, polymers, spherical nucleic acids, metallic nanoparticles) that enable the efficient and selective delivery of nucleic acids to the target cells and/or tissues.
  • 298
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Nanoparticle-Mediated Co-Delivery System in Medical and Agricultural Field
Drug and gene delivery systems mediated by nanoparticles have been widely studied for life science in the past decade. The application of nano-delivery systems can dramatically improve the stability and delivery efficiency of carried ingredients, overcoming the defects of administration routes in cancer therapy, and possibly maintaining the sustainability of agricultural systems. However, delivery of a drug or gene alone sometimes cannot achieve a satisfactory effect. The nanoparticle-mediated co-delivery system can load multiple drugs and genes simultaneously, and improve the effectiveness of each component, thus amplifying efficacy and exhibiting synergistic effects in cancer therapy and pest management. 
  • 513
  • 17 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Nanoparticle-Incorporated Gelatin Methacryloyl Nanocomposites
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based composites are evolving three-dimensional (3D) networking hydrophilic protein composite scaffolds with high water content. These protein composites have been devoted to biomedical applications due to their unique abilities, such as flexibility, soft structure, versatility, stimuli-responsiveness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and others.
  • 621
  • 07 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Nanoparticle-Guided Brain Drug Delivery in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) represent a heterogeneous group of aging-related disorders featured by progressive impairment of motor and/or cognitive functions, often accompanied by psychiatric disorders. NDs are denoted as ‘protein misfolding’ diseases or proteinopathies, and are classified according to their known genetic mechanisms and/or the main protein involved in disease onset and progression. 
  • 636
  • 19 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Nanoparticle Exsolution on Perovskite-Based Catalysts
In heterogeneous catalysis, surfaces decorated with uniformly dispersed, catalytically-active (nano)particles are a key requirement for excellent performance. Besides standard catalyst preparation routines—with limitations in controlling catalyst surface structure (i.e., particle size distribution or dispersion)—exsolution is a potential novel and time efficient route to precisely tailor catalyst surface morphology and composition of perovskites: Perovskite-type oxides of nominal composition ABO3 with transition metal cations on the B-site can exsolve the B-site transition metal upon controlled reduction. In this exsolution process, the transition metal emerges from the oxide lattice and migrates to the surface where it forms catalytically active nanoparticles. Doping the B-site with reducible and catalytically highly active elements, offers the opportunity of tailoring properties of exsolution catalysts.
  • 1.5K
  • 01 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Nanoparticle Deposition Techniques for Diverse Substrates
Nanoparticle deposition on various substrates has gained significant attention due to the potential applications of nanoparticles in various fields. The deposition techniques covered include electron gun evaporation, physical vapor deposition, plasma enriched chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), electrochemical deposition, chemical vapor deposition, electrophoretic deposition, laser metal deposition, and atomic layer deposition (ALD), thermophoretic deposition, supercritical deposition, spin coating, and dip coating.
  • 264
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Nanoparticle Constructions to Target Staphylococcus aureus Pathogenesis
The clinical infections by Staphylococcus aureus caused an increase in morbidity and mortality rates and treatment costs, aggravated by the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Different nanotechnology-enabled approaches are being investigated that can improve the paradigm of therapeutics against S. aureus pathogenesis and infections. Nanomaterials provide a suitable platform to address this challenge, with the potential to control biofilm formation, intracellular parasitism and multidrug resistance where conventional therapies show limited efficacy. Herein, the large diversity of nanoparticles and their applications to combat S. aureus pathogenesis, including in combination with antibiotics and phytochemicals, is presented and their specific biological actions are highlighted.
  • 493
  • 22 May 2024
Topic Review
Nanoparticle (NP)-Based Delivery Systems
Nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery systems can be designed to take advantage of the aberrant vasculature, or an acidic or hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), to induce the release of therapeutic drugs directly in the TME, reducing off-target side effects. In the last twenty years, the discovery of novel biomaterials has dramatically impacted on the field of nanobiotechnology, such as, for example, the addition of novel stimuli-responsive polymers, which can be used to develop advanced nanostructures with the ability to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of many drugs used in oncology.
  • 550
  • 10 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Nanoparicles in Latent Fingerprinting
Latent fingerprints are commonly found at crime scenes and can provide valuable evidence for forensic investigations. However, latent fingerprints are often difficult to detect and develop, especially on porous or complex surfaces. Nanoparticles have emerged as a promising tool for the development of latent fingerprints, as they can enhance the contrast and ridge details of the fingerprint. The recent advances in the use of nanoparticles for latent fingerprint development, including gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles, and iron oxide nanoparticles were summarized here. Current article encompasses the principles of physical and chemical interactions between nanoparticles and fingerprint residue, as well as the factors that can affect the performance of nanoparticles in latent fingerprint development. We also highlight the potential applications and limitations of nanoparticle-based fingerprint development in forensic investigations.
  • 331
  • 22 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Nanomicelles Delivery Systems
The efficient and selective delivery of therapeutic drugs to the target site remains the main obstacle in the development of new drugs and therapeutic interventions. Up until today, nanomicelles have shown their prospective as nanocarriers for drug delivery owing to their small size, good biocompatibility, and capacity to effectively entrap lipophilic drugs in their core. Nanomicelles are formed via self-assembly in aqueous media of amphiphilic molecules into well-organized supramolecular structures.
  • 1.0K
  • 11 Jan 2021
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