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Topic Review
Preparation and Combustion Mechanism of Boron-Based High-Energy Fuels
Due to the characteristics of high energy density and a high calorific value, boron has become a high-energy fuel and shows great potential to be a high-performance candidate for propellants. However, the wide applications of boron are still limited by the characteristics of easy oxidization, ignition difficulty, a long combustion duration, and combustion products that readily adhere to the surface and inhibit full combustion. The boron-based energetic materials can be prepared by surface coating, mechanical milling, and ultrasonic mixing methods. The boron-based composites with different additives had different combustion characteristics. The combustion of boron-based energetic materials can be optimized by removing surface oxide layers, providing extra heat, inhibiting the formation of or the rapid removal of the combustion intermediates, and increasing the diffusion rate of oxygen.
  • 484
  • 15 Feb 2023
Topic Review
RGD Peptide-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering
Tissue engineering (TE) is a rapidly expanding field aimed at restoring or replacing damaged tissues. The arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) family of peptides is known to be the most prominent ligand for extracellular integrin receptors. Due to their specific expression patterns in various human tissues and their tight association with various pathophysiological conditions, RGD peptides are suitable targets for tissue regeneration and treatment as well as organ replacement.
  • 458
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Extended Surfactants Using HLDN approach
Extended surfactants are molecules including an intramolecular extension that allow attaining high performance without the need for cosurfactant or linker alcohol. The polypropylene oxide chain intramolecular extension generates a polarity transition inside the molecule that produces more interactions with the oil and aqueous phases. The idea was developed in the 1990s, basically to fasten together the rather hydrophilic surfactant and the lipophilic linker, producing the same effect as the mixture without losing a part of the lipophilic linker going away from the interface. Since the lipophilic linker was an amphiphile with a small hydrophilic part located close to the interface, the single structure was developed to imitate the mixture situation. It contains a polar head located in water, then an intermediate slightly polar zone in the oil phase close to the interface, and finally, the surfactant classical hydrocarbon tail.
  • 1.3K
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Biodegradable Polymers in Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted much attention because they not only efficiently harvest energy from the surrounding environment and living organisms but also serve as multifunctional sensors toward the detection of various chemical and physical stimuli. In particular, biodegradable TENG (BD-TENG) represents an emerging type of self-powered device that can be degraded, either in physiological environments as an implantable power source without the necessity of second surgery for device retrieval, or in the ambient environment to minimize associated environmental pollution.
  • 846
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
The Pnictogen Bond in Metal Halide Perovskites
The pnictogen bond, a somewhat overlooked supramolecular chemical synthon known since the middle of the last century, is one of the promising types of non-covalent interactions yet to be fully understood by recognizing and exploiting its properties for the rational design of novel functional materials. Its bonding modes, energy profiles, vibrational structures and charge density topologies, among others, have yet to be comprehensively delineated, both theoretically and experimentally.
  • 337
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Gold(I)-Catalyzed Approaches with Arylalkyne Activation
Gold catalysts possess the advantages of water and oxygen resistance, with the possibility of catalyzing many novel chemical transformations, especially in the syntheses of small-molecule skeletons, in addition to achieving the rapid construction of multiple chemical bonds and ring systems in one step.
  • 745
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Molecular Iodine Capture by Covalent Organic Frameworks
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of extended crystalline porous polymers that possess unique architectures with high surface areas, long-range order, and permanent porosity. It is known that the possible radioactive iodine species in the environment are iodate (IO3−), molecular iodine (I2), and organic iodine species (e.g., methyl iodide (CH3I) and ethyl iodide (CH3CH2I)). Different iodine species need to be handled in different ways.
  • 629
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Structure and Characterization of Polymer Nanocomposites
There has been a strong emphasis on the development of polymer nanocomposites, where at least one of the dimensions of the filler material is of the order of a nanometer. Polymer nanocomposites are fundamentally different from traditional filled polymers because of the immense internal interfacial area and the nanoscopic nature of the nanomaterials. The new multifunctional properties derived from the nano-structure of nanocomposites provide an opportunity to circumvent the traditional properties associated with traditional composites. Numerous examples can be found in the literature that show significant improvements in multifunctional properties of the nanocomposites and this new class materials now being introduced in structural applications, such as gas barrier film, flame retardant product, and other load-bearing applications.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Production of Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is a complex and lengthy process. It includes several steps from resources to end products, such as sourcing of raw materials (lignocellulosic biomass) and their transportation, biomass pretreatment, saccharification, fermentation and ethanol dehydration, products and by-products management, plus all other resources necessary for the production process, including labour, machinery, utilities, and chemicals.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Modes of Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid
Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) is a physical and top-down approach used to fabricate nanoparticles (NPs). NPs have better physicochemical properties than their bulk counterparts. 
  • 1.7K
  • 14 Feb 2023
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